全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21657篇 |
免费 | 487篇 |
国内免费 | 4440篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 816篇 |
废物处理 | 1529篇 |
环保管理 | 2120篇 |
综合类 | 7753篇 |
基础理论 | 5001篇 |
环境理论 | 6篇 |
污染及防治 | 6054篇 |
评价与监测 | 1433篇 |
社会与环境 | 1309篇 |
灾害及防治 | 563篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 197篇 |
2022年 | 576篇 |
2021年 | 479篇 |
2020年 | 351篇 |
2019年 | 359篇 |
2018年 | 1878篇 |
2017年 | 1851篇 |
2016年 | 1663篇 |
2015年 | 812篇 |
2014年 | 977篇 |
2013年 | 1277篇 |
2012年 | 1462篇 |
2011年 | 2491篇 |
2010年 | 1516篇 |
2009年 | 1434篇 |
2008年 | 1749篇 |
2007年 | 1903篇 |
2006年 | 656篇 |
2005年 | 500篇 |
2004年 | 383篇 |
2003年 | 498篇 |
2002年 | 480篇 |
2001年 | 327篇 |
2000年 | 352篇 |
1999年 | 401篇 |
1998年 | 337篇 |
1997年 | 311篇 |
1996年 | 295篇 |
1995年 | 260篇 |
1994年 | 177篇 |
1993年 | 156篇 |
1992年 | 113篇 |
1991年 | 94篇 |
1990年 | 64篇 |
1989年 | 54篇 |
1988年 | 44篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1935年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 646 毫秒
431.
废电池综合利用新技术与工艺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了国内外废电池处理现状,对近年来废电池处理的新技术与工艺做了详细评述.同时,针对我国废电池资源化处理过程中遇到的问题,提出了相应的对策. 相似文献
432.
漫步在韩国首都汉城街头,鳞次栉比的高楼大厦、琳琅满目的地下商街、步履匆匆的地铁人流,以及拼命追逐时尚的都市少女,这一切都告诉你,韩国已步入新兴工业化国家之列。但是,只要花一点时间,用眼睛和头脑深入韩国社会就会发现,其实韩国是一个农民的国家。 相似文献
433.
434.
435.
436.
The relationship between tourism development and vegetated landscapes is analyzed for the Luya Mountain Nature Reserve (LMNR),
Shanxi, China, in this study. Indices such as Sensitive Level (SL), Landscape Importance Value (LIV), information index of
biodiversity (H’), Shade-tolerant Species Proportion (SSP), and Tourism Influencing Index (TII) are used to characterize vegetated
landscapes, the impact of tourism, and their relationship. Their relationship is studied by Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis
(TWINSPAN) and Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). TWINSPAN gives correct and rapid partition to the classification,
and DCA ordination shows the changing tendency of all vegetation types based on tourism development. These results reflect
the ecological relationship between tourism development and vegetated landscapes. In Luya Mountain Nature Reserve, most plant
communities are in good or medium condition, which shows that these vegetated landscapes can support more tourism. However,
the occurrence of the bad condition shows that there is a severe contradiction between tourism development and vegetated landscapes. 相似文献
437.
Removal of selenate from water by zerovalent iron 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zerovalent iron (ZVI) has been widely used in the removal of environmental contaminants from water. In this study, ZVI was used to remove selenate [Se(VI)] at a level of 1000 microg L(-1) in the presence of varying concentrations of Cl-, SO(2-)4, NO(-)3, HCO(-)3, and PO(3-)4. Results showed that Se(VI) was rapidly removed during the corrosion of ZVI to iron oxyhydroxides (Fe(OH)). During the 16 h of the experiments, 100 and 56% of the added Se(VI) was removed in 10 mM Cl- and SO(2-)4 solutions under a closed contained system, respectively. Under an open condition, 100 and 93% of the added Se(VI) were removed in the Cl- and SO(2-)4 solutions, respectively. Analysis of Se species in ZVI-Fe(OH) revealed that selenite [Se(IV)] and nonextractable Se increased during the first 2 to 4 h of reaction, with a decrease of Se(VI) in the Cl- experiment and no detection of Se(VI) in the SO(2-)4 experiment. Two mechanisms can be attributed to the rapid removal of Se(VI) from the solutions. One is the reduction of Se(VI) to Se(IV), followed by rapid adsorption of Se(IV) to Fe(OH). The other is the adsorption of Se(VI) directly to Fe(OH), followed by its reduction to Se(IV). The results also show that there was little effect on Se(VI) removal in the presence of Cl- (5, 50, and 100 mM), NO(-)3 (1, 5, and 10 mM), SO(2-)4 (5 mM), HCO(-)3 (1 and 5 mM), or PO(3-)4 (1 mM) and only a slight effect in the presence of SO(2-)4 (50 and 100 mM), HCO(-)3 (10 mM), and PO(3-)4 (5 mM) during a 2-d experiment, whereas 10 mM PO(3-)4 significantly inhibited Se(VI) removal. This work suggests that ZVI may be an effective agent to remove Se from Se-contaminated agricultural drainage water. 相似文献
438.
To predict the availability of metals to plants, it is important to understand both solution- and solid-phase processes in the soil, including the kinetics of metal release from its binding agent (ligand and/or particle). The present study examined the speciation and availability of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu in a range of well-equilibrated metal-contaminated soils from diverse sources using several techniques as a basis for predicting metal uptake by plants. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was grown in 13 metal-contaminated soils and metal tissue concentrations (Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu) in plant shoots were compared with total soil metal concentrations, total soluble metal, and free metal activities (pM2+) in soil pore waters, 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable metal concentrations, E values measured by isotope dilution, and effective metal concentrations, C(E), measured by diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT). In the DGT technique, ions are dynamically removed by their diffusion through a gel to a binding resin, while E values represent the isotopically exchangeable (labile) metal pools. Free metal activities (Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+) in soil pore waters were determined using a Donnan dialysis technique. Plant Zn and Cd concentrations were highly related to C(E), while relationships for Zn and Cd with respect to the other measures of metals in the soils were generally lower, except for CaCl2-extractable Cd. These results suggest that the kinetically labile solid-phase pool of metal, which is included in the DGT measurement, played an important role in Zn and Cd uptake by wheat along with the labile metal in soil solution. Plant Pb concentrations were highly related to both soil pore water concentrations and C(E), indicating that supply from the solid phase may not be so important for Pb. Predictions of Cu uptake by wheat from these soils by the various measures of Cu were generally poor, except surprisingly for total Cu. 相似文献
439.
Heckrath G Djurhuus J Quine TA Van Oost K Govers G Zhang Y 《Journal of environmental quality》2005,34(1):312-324
Tillage erosion had been identified as a major process of soil redistribution on sloping arable land. The objectives of our study were to investigate the extent of tillage erosion and its effect on soil quality and productivity under Danish conditions. Soil samples were collected to a 0.45-m depth on a regular grid from a 1.9-ha site and analyzed for 137Cs inventories, as a measure of soil redistribution, soil texture, soil organic carbon (SOC) contents, and phosphorus (P) contents. Grain yield was determined at the same sampling points. Substantial soil redistribution had occurred during the past decades, mainly due to tillage. Average tillage erosion rates of 2.7 kg m(-2) yr(-1) occurred on the shoulderslopes, while deposition amounted to 1.2 kg m(-2) yr(-1) on foot- and toeslopes. The pattern of soil redistribution could not be explained by water erosion. Soil organic carbon and P contents in soil profiles increased from the shoulder- toward the toeslopes. Tillage translocation rates were strongly correlated with SOC contents, A-horizon depth, and P contents. Thus, tillage erosion had led to truncated soils on shoulderslopes and deep, colluvial soils on the foot- and toeslopes, substantially affecting within-field variability of soil properties. We concluded that tillage erosion has important implications for SOC dynamics on hummocky land and increases the risk for nutrient losses by overland flow and leaching. Despite the occurrence of deep soils across the study area, evidence suggested that crop productivity was affected by tillage-induced soil redistribution. However, tillage erosion effects on crop yield were confounded by topography-yield relationships. 相似文献
440.
Water use efficiency (WUE) is an important ecophysiological characteristic of plants, especially in semiarid and arid regions. At the scale of community or ecosystem, WUE is difficult to quantify because the amount of water used per unit dry mass production is a function of microclimatic variables and species composition. In this study, we analyzed corrected intrinsic water use efficiency (IWUE(s)) of grass and shrub species along the western segment of the Northeast China Transect (NECT) and the relationship between IWUE(s) and mean annual rainfall, habitat degradation status, vegetation type, and plant functional type (C3 versus C4) at 22 survey sites. Site intrinsic water use efficiency (IWUE(v)) and its relationship with the aforementioned site variables were analyzed based on species frequencies at each site. First, it was concluded that photosynthetic pathway played a very important role in determining species IWUE(s). Mean IWUE(s) for C4 species was approximately double that of C3 species. Second, mean annual rainfall, vegetation type, and site degradation status significantly affected IWUE(s) (p < 0.01). Mean IWUE(s) at degraded sites was twice as high as that at nondegraded sites. The mean IWUE(s) for meadows was significantly higher than those for other vegetation types (p < 0.05). Third, the frequency of occurrence of C4 plants explained 36% of the variance in IWUE(v) across the survey sites. The mean frequency of C4 occurrence at degraded sites was more than double that at nondegraded sites. Consequently, mean IWUE(v) at degraded sites was more than double that at nondegraded sites. Dominant C4 species in saline-alkaline areas tended to have higher intrinsic WUE than dominant C4 species in sandy shrub communities. 相似文献