Evaluating cost and benefit of air pollution control policies in China: A systematic review

China has put great efforts into air pollution control over the past years and recently committed to its most ambitious climate target. Cost and benefit analysis has been widely used to evaluate the control policies in terms of past performance, future reduction potential,and direct and indirect impacts. To understand the cost and benefit analysis for air pollution control in China, we conducted a bibliometric review of more than 100 studies published over the past two decades, including the cur...     

嗜盐杆菌HSQAY1对中肋骨条藻的溶藻物质特性

研究嗜盐杆菌菌株(Halobacillus sp.HSQAY1)发酵液在不同pH、温度和反复冻融条件下对中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)溶藻活性的环境稳定性;并采用乙醇沉淀、硫酸铵沉淀、超滤和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)等方法对溶藻物质的理化特性进行了初步探讨和分析。结果表明,该菌株产生的溶藻物质在强酸性条件下(pH=3)丧失活性,pH 5~11时的溶藻率在83.4%~98.4%之间;30~110℃时溶藻率在71.7%~94.5%之间,表现出一定的酸碱稳定性和热稳定性,且不受反复冻融(-20℃)影响。溶藻活性物质具有被乙醇和硫酸铵沉淀的特性,其活性组分是多种分子质量 > 10 kDa的蛋白类物质,溶藻活性蛋白粗提物的SDS-PAGE电泳显示,在15~50 kDa间有3条明显的特异蛋白条带。     

废旧手机电路板酸性硫脲浸金过程动力学

废旧手机是一种典型电子废弃物,手机电路板中含有较高含量的贵金属,而金的回收是废旧手机资源化研究的热点。以硫脲为络合剂、硫酸铁为氧化剂、硫酸为调节剂,在pH为1.5、固液比为1:30、硫酸铁质量分数为0.3%的条件下,分别考查了硫脲浓度、反应温度、浸出时间等因素对酸性硫脲浸出废旧手机电路板中金的影响,采用核收缩模型探讨了酸性硫脲浸金体系浸出过程表观动力学,结果表明,酸性硫脲浸金过程的总体控制步骤为固体产物层扩散控制,其浸出过程动力学方程为1-2/3η-(1-η)2/3=KDt,硫脲浓度的反应级数为一级反应,该浸出过程表观活化能Ea=19.378 kJ/mol。由此推断,在酸性硫脲浸金体系中通过提高反应温度或通过增加硫脲浓度的途径来提高金的浸出率是有限的。     

缺氧-曝气生物流化床工艺处理合成氨工业氨氮废水中试研究

针对江苏某合成氨工业氨氮废水水质特点,建立5 m3/d缺氧-曝气生物流化床中试系统.在进水氨氮浓度为13~170 mg/L、温度为8~32℃的条件下,中试系统出水氨氮去除率维持在65%~100%之间,平均氨氮去除率85%,亚硝酸盐积累率维持在40%~82%,系统出水氨氮指标达到《合成氨工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 13458-2013)中的直接排放标准.     

燃气管道泄漏检测技术探讨

本文主要介绍了目前国内外燃气管道泄漏的主要检测方法,指出了各种检测方法的优缺点及适用条件.     

小区域建设规划的思考与实践

结合江苏省如皋市长青沙岛无公害农业园区暨乡村休闲旅游度假区建设规划，提出规划的指导思想和目标，并阐明规划应遵循的几项原则，尤其是规划的可操作性原则，认为规划的实施方案应当尽可能地详细具体。     

Tuning the primary selective nanochannels of MOF thin-film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes for efficient removal of hydrophobic endocrine disrupting compounds

• PA layer properties tune the primary nanochannels in MIL-101(Cr) TFN NF membranes. • The dense PA layer induced transition of primary nanochannels of TFN NF membranes. • Nanochannels around MOF contributed to the improved flux with a loose PA structure. • Nanochannels in MOFs dominated the separation performance with a dense PA structure. Metal organic framework (MOF) incorporated thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes have the potential to enhance the removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). In MOF-TFN membranes, water transport nanochannels include (i) pores of polyamide layer, (ii) pores in MOFs and (iii) channels around MOFs (polyamide-MOF interface). However, information on how to tune the nanochannels to enhance EDCs rejection is scarce, impeding the refinement of TFN membranes toward efficient removal of EDCs. In this study, by changing the polyamide properties, the water transport nanochannels could be confined primarily in pores of MOFs when the polyamide layer became dense. Interestingly, the improved rejection of EDCs was dependent on the water transport channels of the TFN membrane. At low monomer concentration (i.e., loose polyamide structure), the hydrophilic nanochannels of MIL-101(Cr) in the polyamide layer could not dominate the membrane separation performance, and hence the extent of improvement in EDCs rejection was relatively low. In contrast, at high monomer concentration (i.e., dense polyamide structure), the hydrophilic nanochannels of MIL-101(Cr) were responsible for the selective removal of hydrophobic EDCs, demonstrating that the manipulation of water transport nanochannels in the TFN membrane could successfully overcome the permeability and EDCs rejection trade-off. Our results highlight the potential of tuning primary selective nanochannels of MOF-TFN membranes for the efficient removal of EDCs.     

偶氮染料定量结构-生物降解关系(QSBR)研究

利用量子化学原理剖析了偶氮染料的脱色机制,所得结果与文献中关于染料结构与脱色能力之间关系的结论基本一致,以脱色能力为染料生物降解能力的表征,建立了定量结构生物降解性模型,模型预测结果与实验结果基本吻合。     

脆弱生态区类型划分及其脆弱特征分析

本文应用聚类分析方法,根据全国各县市耕地面积等26项指标的有关数据,对我国生态区进行了类型划分,还分别以环境资源因子、经济发展水平因子、经济技术替代能力因子、域外支持能力因子以及社会发展水平因子等5类因子为聚类变量,对我国脆弱生态区进行了类型划分,并对脆弱特征进行了分析。     

高职食品专业校企合作的问题及对策

校企合作教育是一种充分利用学校与企业等多种不同的教育环境和资源在培养人才方面的优势,培养适应企业需要的应用性专门人才的教育模式,对高职院校培养应用型人才具有重要的意义。但当前高职院校的校企合作中存在如政策法规不健全、合作机制不完善、企业的热情不高等问题,针对这些问题从政府政策、企业和学校三方面对其解决方法提出了建议。