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81.
Cardoso-Silva Sheila Frascareli Daniele Silva Daniel C. V. R. Figueira Rubens César Lopes Bittencourt Marisa Dantas Moschini-Carlos Viviane Pompêo Marcelo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(13):16029-16041
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The establishment of reference conditions and typology are two important steps in water resources management. The reference conditions enable the... 相似文献
82.
Daniele Contini Franco Belosi Andrea Gambaro Daniela Cesari Angela Maria Stortini Maria Chiara Bove 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(11):1954-1965
The Venice Lagoon is exposed to atmospheric pollutants from industrial activities, thermoelectric power plants, petrochemical plants, incinerator, domestic heating, ship traffic, glass factories and vehicular emissions on the mainland. In 2005, construction began on the mobile dams (MOSE), one dam for each channel connecting the lagoon to the Adriatic Sea as a barrier against high tide. These construction works could represent an additional source of pollutants. PM10 samples were taken on random days between 2007 and 2010 at three different sites: Punta Sabbioni, Chioggia and Malamocco, located near the respective dam construction worksites. Chemical analyses of V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Sb, Tl and Pb in PM10 samples were performed by Inductively coupled plasma-quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS) and results were used to identify the main aerosol sources. The correlation of measured data with meteorology, and source apportionment, failed to highlight a contribution specifically associated to the emissions of the MOSE construction works. The comparison of the measurements at the three sites showed a substantial homogeneity of metal concentrations in the area. Source apportionment with principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) showed that a four principal factors model could describe the sources of metals in PM10. Three of them were assigned to specific sources in the area and one was characterised as a source of mixed origin (anthropogenic and crustal). A specific anthropogenic source of PM10 rich in Ni and Cr, active at the Chioggia site, was also identified. 相似文献
83.
Davide Vione Marco Ponzo Daniele Bagnus Valter Maurino Claudio Minero Maria Eugenia Carlotti 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2010,8(1):95-100
We show that the transformation of benzene into phenol is a more selective probe for the hydroxyl radical than the transformation of nitrobenzene or the generation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid from benzoic acid. The benzene to phenol system showed adequate performance as a probe upon irradiation of lake water samples and humic acids. We show that the use of nitrobenzene and benzoic acid as hydroxyl probes should be avoided because of poor selectivity. Moreover, all the tested probe molecules underwent important interference by irradiated antraquinone-2-sulphonate, and considerably overestimated the formation of the hydroxyl radicals. 相似文献
84.
Daniele Di Trapani Gaetano Di Bella Gaspare Viviani 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(10):2108-2115
Sanitary landfills for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) disposal have been identified as one of the most important anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) emissions; in order to minimize its negative effects on the environment, landfill gas (LFG) recovery is a suitable tool to control CH4 emissions from a landfill site; further, the measurement of CH4 emissions can represent a good way to evaluate the effectiveness of LFG recovering systems. In general, LFG will escape through any faults in the landfill capping or in the LFG collection system. Indeed, some areas of the capping can be more permeable than others (e.g. portions of a side slope), especially when considering a temporarily capped zone (covered area that is not expected to receive any further waste for a period of at least 3 months, but for engineering reasons does not have a permanent cap yet). These areas, which are characterized by abnormal emissions, are usually defined as “features”: in particular, a feature is a small, discrete area or an installation where CH4 emissions significantly differ from the surrounding zones. In the present study, the influence that specific features have on CH4 emissions has been investigated, based on direct measurements carried out in different seasons by means of a flux chamber to the case study of Palermo (IT) landfill (Bellolampo). The results showed that the flux chamber method is reliable and easy to perform, and the contoured flux maps, obtained by processing the measured data were found to be a suitable tool for identifying areas with abnormal (high) emissions. Further, it was found that a relationship between methane emission rates and landfill side slope can be established. Concerning the influence of the temporary HDPE cover system on CH4 recovery efficiency, it contributed to a significant decrease of the free surface area available for uncontrolled emissions; this aspect, coupled to the increase of the CH4 volumes collected by the LFG recovery system, led to a significant increase of the recovery efficiency. 相似文献
85.
Prospects and limitations of phytoremediation for the removal of persistent pesticides in the environment 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
Chaudhry Q Schröder P Werck-Reichhart D Grajek W Marecik R 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2002,9(1):4-17
The environmental problems that have arisen from the use of persistent pesticides in the past, and potential sources of further contamination have been discussed. The potential and limitations of phytoremediation for removal of pesticides in the environment have been reviewed. The enzymatic processes in plants that are known to be involved in phytodegradation of pesticides, and possibilities for enhancing them have also been discussed. 相似文献
86.
Daniele Torriani Pierluigi Calanca Markus Lips Helmut Ammann Martin Beniston Jürg Fuhrer 《Regional Environmental Change》2007,7(4):209-221
A simple model of yield was used along with climate scenarios to assess the impact of climate change on grain maize productivity
and associated economic risk in Switzerland. In a first application, changes in the precipitation regime alone were shown
to affect the distribution of yield considerably, with shifts not only in the mean but also in the standard deviation and
the skewness. Production risk was found to respond more markedly to changes in the long-term mean than in the inter-annual
variability of seasonal precipitation amounts. In a further application, yield projections were generated with respect to
a full climate scenario, with the emission pathway as specified in the IPCC A2 scenario. Anticipation of the sowing date was
found to reduce the negative impact of climate change on yield stability, but was not sufficient to ensure average productivity
levels comparable to those observed at present. We argued that this was caused by the reduction in the duration of the growing
season, which had a stronger impact than suggested by previous studies. Assuming no change in price relations, the results
also revealed a strong increase in production risk with climate change, with more than a doubling in the probability of yield
falling short of a critical threshold as compared to today’s situation. 相似文献
87.
Massella Daniele Giraud Stéphane Guan Jinping Ferri Ada Salaün Fabien 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2019,17(4):1787-1800
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The textile industry has recently been developing innovative products that integrate functional properties within commodity textiles. In... 相似文献
88.
Specchiulli Antonietta Scirocco Tommaso D’Adamo Raffaele Cilenti Lucrezia Fabbrocini Adele Cassin Daniele Penna Pierluigi Renzi Monia Bastianoni Simone 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2016,20(5):363-374
Phytoplankton and benthic vegetation biomass undergoes spatial-temporal changes in relation to their life cycle, but also to meteorological conditions, physical-chemical variables, organic input and internal dynamism. The main aim of this work was to observe the effect of all environmental variables on the vegetative dynamic process in a protected zone of a Mediterranean costal lagoon (Lesina lagoon, SE Italy). Seven samplings were performed from 2010 to 2012 at 30 sites for nutrient and chlorophyll analyses, while TOC measurements and wet biomass evaluation were performed at 10 sites. Temperature, salinity and oxygen saturation were also measured by multiparametric probe and a visual census for vegetation was performed. Sites close to freshwater inflow were characterized by lower temperature and salinity, and high nitrate, with maxima of 191.05 μM in May 2010 and more than 250 μM in October 2010. Silicates drastically decreased from May 2010 (87.57 μM) to July 2010 (6.15 μM) and increased again in October (74.99 μM). Chl a concentrations were not on average higher than 6 mg m?3, but peaks of 20 mg m?3 were observed during May 2011 and May 2012. Benthic vegetation wet biomass collected in 2010 was approximately twice that collected in 2012, with a maximum of 27,554 g m?2 and a dominance of macroalgae (70 % in May 2010 and 40 % in August 2010). During period 2010, a simultaneous and drastic decreasing of both mean values of wet biomass and chl a was observed from May to October 2010. During period 2012 a shift of vegetation biomass was shown from May (phytoplankton prevalence) to August 2012, with angiosperm prevalence (more than 30 %). 相似文献
89.
Health effects of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) and dibenzofurans (PBDFs) 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
This article reviews the state of the science regarding the health effects of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) and dibenzofurans (PBDFs). While thousands of articles have been published on the health effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), little is know about the brominated and mixed chloro/bromo homologs. Available literature suggests that brominated compounds have similar toxicity profiles to their chlorinated homologs. However, further research investigating health effects will only be useful if exposure scenarios truly exist. Current exposure data is extremely limited, posing a major data gap in assessing potential risk of these chemicals. The rapid increase in the use of brominated flame retardants has raised the level of environmental concern regarding PBDDs/PBDFs as it is likely that human, as well as wildlife, exposure to brominated dioxins and furans will increase with their use. 相似文献
90.
Control of odours should be considered to be a fundamental issue in order to site, design and manage sanitary landfills. With regard to construction and demolition (C&;D) debris, landfilling was the mainly adopted solution in many European Countries; in particular, gypsum drywalls can produce high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in landfill gas ranging from 7 ppm to 100 ppm. In some cases also dangerous concentrations until to 12,000 ppm were detected. In this paper H2S removal efficiency in a lab-scale vertical packed scrubber was investigated. Hydrogen sulphide abatement was evaluated for inlet H2S concentrations of 1000–100–10 ppm, adjusting scrubbing liquid pH in the range 9–12.5 by means of caustic soda (NaOH 2N solution). Moreover, best operating conditions for the system were defined as well as H2S abatement along the tower and liquid recirculation effectiveness in case of inlet H2S concentration of 10 ppm (typical odour concentration). Results showed that pH of 11.5 in scrubbing liquid could be considered the best value for removal of different inlet H2S concentrations, also taking into account parasitical consumption of NaOH due to CO2 absorption. Moreover, in case of continuous working of the system at H2S concentration of 10 ppm, strong removal efficiency was already obtained with a packed bed height of about 70 cm. Significant performances were ensured after 1 h of constant activity, consuming about 3 ml of soda per cubic meter of polluted air. Subsequently liquid blowdown was necessary. 相似文献