彩色夹心板在噪声治理中的应用

在噪声治理中,采用彩色夹心板作隔声构件,在武汉总厂涂装分厂制冷站应用成功,用响度指数这个绝对数表示,治理前后噪声总响度降低79.65%,隔声效果非常好,达到了预期的目的.     

山西太谷农村薪柴和蜂窝煤颗粒物和多环芳烃排放特征研究

测定并计算了太谷农村蜂窝煤和薪柴两种燃料颗粒物、CO、CH4和多环芳烃排放因子,其中多环芳烃包括16种美国环保局优控化合物、12种非优控母体多环芳烃、12种硝基多环芳烃和4种含氧多环芳烃.蜂窝煤4类多环芳烃化合物的排放因子分别为3.56±5.42、0.73±0.099、0.22±0.48和0.36±0.62 mg·kg-1,薪柴为62.6±41.3、20.4±3.61、4.44±6.18和0.84±1.00mg ·kg-1.薪柴大多数污染物排放因子高于蜂窝煤,但蜂窝煤多环芳烃排放因子的变异则高于薪柴.蜂窝煤和薪柴多环芳烃排放因子的成分谱有显著差异,除菲、荧蒽和苯并(b)荧蒽为共同优势排放物外,萘、芴、屈和苯并(k)荧蒽为蜂窝煤的特征排放物,芘、环戊烯(c,d)芘和苯并[a]蒽为薪柴的特征排放物.3-硝基荧蒽与3-硝基菲和2-硝基萘分别是蜂窝煤与薪柴排放的主要硝基多环芳烃.母体多环芳烃排放因子的气固比主要受分子量(挥发性)影响,衍生多环芳烃则与取代基的性质有关.蜂窝煤燃烧前期母体多环芳烃的排放因子显著高于后期,两个阶段的总排放因子分别为9.52±12.3和2.54±2.42 mg· kg-1,衍生多环芳烃在两个阶段的差别小于母体多环芳烃.     

Exploring the Use of Online Platforms for Climate Change Policy and Public Engagement by NGOs in Latin America

The engagement of environmental non-governmental groups in collaborative communication efforts and decision-making about climate change remains a significant challenge. In Latin America, the website Intercambio Climático was set up to attempt to play a breakthrough role in the region's discussion of climate change. This case study focuses on the development, accomplishments, and challenges of this unique online communication initiative among non-governmental organizations working in climate change issues in Latin America with a US-based partner, as a vehicle to achieve their goals. We used secondary data and in-depth interviews to examine this platform's role in disseminating information and influencing decision-making. The results suggest that generally the participants perceive the website positively, but there are also problematic aspects of the collaboration that are not fully recognized by the members, which prevents a more functional and effective communication strategy.     

消油剂与120#燃料油对马粪海胆(Hemicentrotus pul-cherrimus)抗氧化酶活性的影响

在溢油事故应急处置中,消油剂的使用备受争议。为探究消油剂和溢油对海洋底栖模式生物海胆(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)复合毒性效应,通过WAFs(Water-accommodated fractions)和CEWAFs(Chemically enhanced water-accommodated fractions)的96 h暴露实验,测定海胆肠和性腺中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性的变化。实验结果表明:随油水配比浓度的增加,4种酶活性呈现先升高后降低趋势,且酶活性峰值均极显著高于海水对照组水平(P0.01)。肠中4种酶活性最大诱导倍数均高于性腺。相同暴露浓度下,CEWAFs组4种酶活性诱导程度均高于WAFs组。消油剂对照组和海水对照组间4种酶活性则无显著性差异(P0.05)。     

Structure and flow calculation of cake layer on microfiltration membranes

Submerged membrane bioreactors(SMBR) are widely used in wastewater treatment. The permeability of a membrane declines rapidly because of the formation of a cake layer on the membrane surface. In this paper, a multiple staining protocol was conducted to probe the four major foulants in the cake layer formed on a filtration membrane. Fluorescent images of the foulants were obtained using a confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM). The three dimensional structure of the cake layer was reconstructed, and the internal flow was calculated using computational fluid dynamics(CFD). Simulation results agreed well with the experimental data on the permeability of the cake layer during filtration and showed better accuracy than the calculation by Kozeny–Carman method. β-D-Glucopyranose polysaccharides and proteins are the two main foulants with relatively large volume fractions, while α-D-glucopyranose polysaccharides and nucleic acids have relatively large specific surface areas. The fast growth of β-D-glucopyranose polysaccharides in the volume fraction is mainly responsible for the increase in cake volume fraction and the decrease in permeability. The specific area, or the aggregation/dispersion of foulants, is less important to its permeability compared to its volume fraction.     

Removal of carbamazepine and clofibric acid from water using double templates–molecularly imprinted polymers

A novel double templates–molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared by precipitation polymerization using carbamazepine (CBZ) and clofibric acid (CA) as the double templates molecular and 2-vinylpyridine as functional monomer. The equilibrium data of MIP was well described by the Freundlich isotherm model. Two kinetic models were adopted to describe the experimental data, and the pseudo second-order model well-described adsorption of CBZ and CA on the MIP. Adsorption experimental results showed that the MIP had good selectivity and adsorption capacity for CBZ and CA in the presence of competitive compounds compared with non-imprinted polymer, commercial powdered activated carbon, and C18 adsorbents. The feasibility of removing CBZ and CA from water by the MIP was demonstrated using tap water, lake water, and river water.     

论经济欠发达地区如何建设生态工业园区——以千里山工业园区为例

资源和环境问题已成为各界关注的焦点,工业园区向现代生态工业园区建设转变是新形势生态文明下的必然要求。文章以内蒙古乌海市海勃湾区千里山工业园区为例,阐述了该工业园区建立生态型工业园区的可行性。     

Electrolytic manganese metal industry experience based China’s new model for cleaner production promotion

Cleaner production has long been viewed as an environmental management tool in China and many other countries. This understanding in recent years has become a major barrier that prevents CP from playing its full functions. This article introduces the approach, results and result dissemination of a project set up by the central government of China aiming at controlling the serious pollution of the electrolytic manganese metal industry. Based on experience of this project and our practical experiences of CP audits in more than 200 companies we propose a new model for CP promotion. A preliminary definition of the new model is presented.