Mn对超富集植物青葙Cd毒害的缓解效应

为了探究Cd胁迫下青葙中Mn的生理作用,通过水培实验,研究在Cd暴露下(0、5和25 μmol·L-1 )施加Mn(5、100和1 000 μmol·L-1 )对青葙的干重、叶绿素含量、Cd含量和青葙根部不同区域实时Cd2+流速的影响.结果表明,提高Mn的供应水平可缓解Cd对青葙生长的抑制效应.在Cd浓度为5 μmol...     

环境影响评价基础数据库标准规范体系研究

环境影响评价基础数据库是对环境影响评价的重要资源信息支撑,其自身的标准化水平直接关系到环境影响评价基础数据的持续积累、开发利用和共享服务,当前迫切需要建立其标准规范体系。本文分析了环境影响评价基础数据库标准规范在环境标准中的定位和业务需求,基于对国内外相关资源信息标准体系对比分析,提出了包括三类标准的体系结构,即指导标准、通用标准和专用标准。借鉴开放地理空间联盟(OGC)参考模型的企业视角,设计了环境影响评价基础数据库标准规范体系框架,具体包括4项指导标准、涵盖6类标准子项的30项通用标准和若干专用标准。基于已有实践经验,提出了标准规范制定的4条基本原则。     

承德市室内环境质量污染现状调查与研究

对承德市160家宾馆、饭店、歌舞厅等公共场所,80个民用建筑工程项目,80余家个人家庭装修进行室内环境检测,发现不同场所室内主要超标污染物不同,新建公共场所主要超标污染物为挥发性有机物、甲醛;已建成的重点公共场所空气超标污染物主要为茵落总数和CO2;民用建筑工程超标污染物主要为氨、甲醛;个人家装超标污染物主要为总挥发性有机物,甲醛。     

污水污泥低温热解处理技术研究

污水污泥低温热解是一种发展中的能量回收型污泥热化学处理技术。本研究对此过程进行了间歇实验研究,取得了最高能量回收率时的反应条件。以此为基础并结合文献数据,讨论了过程的能量平衡影响因素和经济估算问题。结果表明,最优反应条件为：反应温度270℃,停留时间30min;全过程能量平衡主要受脱水泥饼含水率影响,临界含水率78%;过程处理成本低于焚烧法。     

江苏太仓5.1级地震震害及启示

本文对江苏太仓5.1级地震造成的灾因进行了较为客观的分析,并在此基础上,提出了相应的对策。     

有效实施HSE管理体系推动安全标准化达标

分析了中国石化HSE管理体系和安全标准化的共同点与不同点,探讨了它们之间的内在联系,提出了通过有效实施HSE管理体系,促进安全标准化达标的观点。     

Simulation of global warming potential (GWP) from rice fields in the Tai-Lake region,China by coupling 1:50,000 soil database with DNDC model

Quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wetland ecosystems is a relatively new issue in global climate change studies. China has approximately 22% of the world's rice paddies and 38% of the world's rice production, which are crucial to accurately estimate the global warming potential (GWP) at regional scale. This paper reports an application of a biogeochemical model (DeNitrification and DeComposition or DNDC) for quantifying GWP from rice fields in the Tai-Lake region of China. For this application, DNDC is linked to a 1:50,000 soil database, which was derived from 1107 paddy soil profiles compiled during the Second National Soil Survey of China in the 1980–1990s. The simulated results show that the 2.34 Mha of paddy soil cultivated in rice–wheat rotation in the Tai-Lake region emitted about ?1.48 Tg C, 0.84 Tg N and 5.67 Tg C as CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄ respectively, with a cumulative GWP of 565 Tg CO₂ equivalent from 1982 to 2000. As for soil subgroups, the highest GWP (26,900 kg CO₂ equivalent ha^?1 yr^?1) was linked to gleyed paddy soils accounting for about 4.4% of the total area of paddy soils. The lowest GWP (5370 kg CO₂ equivalent ha^?1 yr^?1) was associated with submergenic paddy soils accounting for about 0.32% of the total area of paddy soils. The most common soil in the area was hydromorphic paddy soils, which accounted for about 53% of the total area of paddy soils with a GWP of 12,300 kg CO₂ equivalent ha^?1 yr^?1. On a regional basis, the annual averaged GWP in the polder, Tai-Lake plain, and alluvial plain soil regions was distinctly higher than that in the low mountainous and Hilly soil regions. As for administrative areas, the average annual GWP of counties in Shanghai city was high. Conversely, the average annual GWP of counties in Jiangsu province was low. The high variability in soil properties throughout the Tai-Lake region is important and affects the net greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the use of detailed soil data sets with high-resolution digital soil maps is essential to improve the accuracy of GWP estimates with process-based models at regional and national scales.     

基于生态功能考虑的西北干旱地区生态需水研究

在当前生态需水研究的基础上,选取植被盖度作为衡量绿洲生态功能的主要指标,根据植被盖度和侵蚀率之间的关系,从生态系统的需水机理出发,提出了基于生态功能考虑的西北干旱地区生态需水量计算方法.以额济纳绿洲为例,计算了2000年额济纳绿洲生态需水,并与额济纳绿洲不同时期的生态需水进行了对比分析.     

TiO2光催化技术在有害气体净化中的应用

主要介绍了TiO2光催化技术在有害气体净化中的应用、提高TiO2光化效率的方法以及影响TiO2光催化效率的因素。     

高温下好氧污泥接种启动UASB的试验研究

采用高温UASB处理柠檬酸废水,研究利用好氧脱水污泥接种启动高温UASB的可行性。试验结果表明,在温度55℃,HRT为6天的条件下,UASB反应器能降解的柠檬酸废水浓度为10000mg/L,容积负荷为1.67gCOD/(L.d),柠檬酸废水的去除率达到90%以上。