山城道路交通噪声的分析和预测

本文报道了以路面坡度为主要特点的山城道路交通噪声的分析和等效声级预测方法.根据山城路面结构,两侧建筑物分布特点,对机动车辆在坡道上行驶状态和噪声辐射进行了大量测量和研究,得到不同车种噪声与坡度、车速的线性关系式.研究证明上下坡侧声级值有差异,道路两侧建筑物阶梯式分布噪声污染特点.给出了坡道路面交通噪声等效声级及其在车流量较少条件下的预测方法,并与实测值作了比较.     

酸度和铝对栅藻生长及光合放氧的影响

本文研究pH和铝对栅藻生长和光合放氧的影响。pH及铝均能抑制栅藻的生长。当pH5.0时,栅藻生长受到50%的抑制;pH3.0时,几乎不能生长。pH4.0时,30ppm的铝抑制藻生长的50%。pH在4.0~7.0范围内对栅藻光合放氧无影响;30ppm以下的铝短时间内对光合放氧也无明显影响。      

潮汐河网可降解有机物降解系数研究

潮汐河网具有其独特的水物理及水化学特性。本文采用珠江三角洲河网区域20个水样的BOD降解实验数据,并用BOD反应一级动力学方程进行数据拟合,结果表明,潮汐河网水体BOD降解过程的延滞期消失,远离污染源河段河水的BOD降解过程两阶段区分不明显,降解过程符合BOD反应一级动力学方程。此外,潮汐河网河水的降解系数随时间的变化过程是随机的。      

邯郸市SO2排放总量控制研究

本研究以ＳＯ２长期日平均浓度为控制标准,将邯郸市区划分为工业区,文化区３个功能区,利用生成城市大池数矩阵和分担率的ＬＥＥＣＭ－ＩＩ通用程序评价邯郸市大气污染现状,在此基础上进行了大气污染物ＳＯ２排放总量控制研究。给出了邯郸市的基础削减量,平权削减量,优化削减量,分析了污染治理的投资成本。研究表明ＬＥＥＣＭ－ＩＩ程序为大气污染总量控制提供了一个方便实用的计算工具,便于中涉城市推广总量控制工作。     

珠江水系广州河段水体中有机污染物的GC/ITD/COM联用法分析

本文报导了珠江广州河段水体中有机污染物的GC/ITD/COM联用法全分析。110升水样被XAD-2树脂柱富集,用有机溶剂洗脱,并浓缩至1ml。浓缩的提取液注入GC/ITD,鉴别了272个化合物,14种是美国环保局规定的优先考虑污染物。根据有效碳数计算校正因子,定量了216个化合物,某浓度范围为0.01～46μg/l。文中也提出了31优先考虑有机污染物的候选名单。      

我国大气污染物在排污层的输送特征

为了分析我国大气排污层的基本输送特征,用6年时间收集到的大气排污层的气象资料进行多层次的大气污染物输送场的研究,特别是地面到600m高度大气层的大气排污层。研究结果表明,我国的大气污染物以境内输送或输入为主;在我国范围内普遍存在一个风速极大值区。初步得到大气污染物的输送场时空分布特征,为进一步了解和利用大气排污层规律,合理开发和利用环境资源提供了依据     

Is being a leader a mixed blessing? A dual‐pathway model linking leadership role occupancy to well‐being

Recent leadership research has drawn greater attention to how the well‐being of leaders influences leadership behaviors, follower performance and well‐being, and overall leadership effectiveness. Yet little attention has been paid to the relationship between occupying leadership positions and job incumbents' well‐being. This research addresses this question by developing and testing a dual‐pathway model. Our model proposes that incumbency in leadership positions is positively related to high levels of both job demands and job control, whereas job demands and job control have offsetting effects on well‐being. Results based on a longitudinal sample revealed that employees who transitioned from nonleadership positions to leadership roles showed trajectories of increasing job demands and job control, whereas such trends were weaker among those who remained in nonleadership positions. Findings from three additional samples generally demonstrated that leadership role occupancy was indirectly related to various indices of psychological and physiological well‐being through job demands and job control. Because the signs of the indirect effects through job demands and job control differed in expected ways, the overall relationship between leadership role occupancy and the well‐being outcomes was generally small and nonsignificant. We discuss research and practical implications of our framework and findings for organizations, employees, and leaders.     

Photogeneration of hydroxyl radical in Fe(III)-citrate-oxalate system for the degradation of fluconazole: mechanism and products

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The photochemical role of Fe(III)-citrate complex is significant in natural waters due to its ubiquitous existence and excellent photoreactivity at...     

露天矿土-岩复合边坡形态优化设计

合理设计采场及排土场边坡角是优化露天开采境界、保证露天矿安全生产、提高露天矿经济效益的重要前提。针对土-岩复合边坡这一类复杂特殊的边坡,以宝日希勒露天煤矿二采区西帮边坡为工程背景,应用刚体极限平衡软件定量分析了二采区西帮采场边坡及内排土场边坡的潜在滑坡模式;优化设计了二采区西帮1-2煤底板以上内排边坡形态及1-2煤至3煤之间采场边坡形态;确定了二采区西帮采场与排土场之间的安全距离。采用有限差分数值模拟软件FLAC~(3D),基于强度折减理论,对土-岩复合边坡稳定性进行了数值模拟,揭示了二采区西帮土-岩复合边坡的变形破坏机理及其稳定性。结果表明:宝日希勒露天煤矿二采区西帮土-岩复合边坡滑移模式及稳定性主要受采场与排土场之间的安全距离和3煤顶底板弱层控制;边坡形态优化后1-2煤底板以上内排边坡角为12°,1-2煤至3煤之间采场边坡角为22°,采场与排土场之间的安全距离为120 m,土-岩复合边坡整体边坡角为13°。     

楼梯间电动车火灾数值模拟研究

楼梯井电动车火灾呈典型的烟囱效应现象,短暂燃烧,浓烟迅猛,往往危害很大。模拟结合全尺寸实验结果,基于FDS软件对电动车在楼梯井内燃烧进行动态仿真,相关数据进行对比分析。研究结果表明:物理实验数据与数值模拟数据比较吻合,楼梯间平均温度370℃左右,最高温度超过1 000℃,楼梯间浓烟毒性很大;火焰卷吸处上方的无量纲温度随楼梯井竖直高度的增加而减小,同一区域的近墙处温度较高;火灾后期在喷淋作用下,CO浓度在火灾熄灭阶段有所增加。