太湖流域围湖利用的动态变化及其对环境的影响

系统研究了建国以来太湖流域围湖利用的动态变化、地区性差异,分析了太湖等大、中型湖泊围湖利用的强度及其与湖泊水情、滩地发育的关系。在此基础上,探讨了围湖利用对水利等环境条件的影响,为研究对围湖利用所应采取的对策提供依据。     

山东省东平湖浮游动物与富营养化防治

根据1994年对东平湖6个采样点枯水期，丰水期，平水期浮游动物的调查，共获轮虫，枝角类，桡足类和原生动物66属100种，查明其数量和分布以及季节变化状况，确定了指示轻污带，β-中污带和α－－中污带的15个种及其分布，根据浮游统计结果。结果：其它方法，肯定了东平湖为中营养型一富营养型湖泊，按照综合防治富营养化原则，作者提出放养鲢鳙及搭配比较，以减少湖中着生藻类和浮游动物，防治富营养化，发展水产养殖业和旅游业，实现了可持续发展。     

O/A/O组合工艺在浆染废水处理中的应用

以如皋常青某印染厂废水处理中心为例，介绍了O／A／O组合工艺处理浆染废水的工程设计。设计处理规模为1000m^3／d，进水COD为1200mg／L，处理后出水达国家一级排放标准。实践证明这是一种处理可生化性较差、难降解废水的行之有效的工艺。     

Adsorption of benzene, cyclohexane and hexane on ordered mesoporous carbon

Ordered mesoporous carbon(OMC) with high specific surface area and large pore volume was synthesized and tested for use as an adsorbent for volatile organic compound(VOC)disposal. Benzene, cyclohexane and hexane were selected as typical adsorbates due to their different molecular sizes and extensive utilization in industrial processes. In spite of their structural differences, high adsorption amounts were achieved for all three adsorbates, as the pore size of OMC is large enough for the access of these VOCs. In addition, the unusual bimodal-like pore size distribution gives the adsorbates a higher diffusion rate compared with conventional adsorbents such as activated carbon and carbon molecular sieve. Kinetic analysis suggests that the adsorption barriers mainly originated from the difficulty of VOC vapor molecules entering the pore channels of adsorbents. Therefore, its superior adsorption ability toward VOCs, together with a high diffusion rate, makes the ordered mesoporous carbon a promising potential adsorbent for VOC disposal.     

高效降解黑臭废水细菌的筛选及鉴定

以筛选出能够高效降解黑臭废水的更多细菌为目的,从不同重污染水体和底泥中筛选获得了多种细菌,并对其降解能力进行检测。净化实验结果表明,筛选出的50多株细菌中有12株对废水COD有明显的降解效果,降解率在45%以上;有4株菌对废水氨氮有明显的降解效果,降解率在30%以上,其中4号菌株对COD和氨氮都有很高的降解能力。经16SrRNA基因鉴定,4号菌株为不动杆菌属,由单因子优化实验得出4号菌株生长的最适条件为:温度30℃,pH7.5,转速180r/min,培养时间为22h时,微生物达到稳定期。在此条件下,4号菌株对自然黑臭废水COD和氨氮的降解率可达到92%和72%。     

延迟焦化装置污水回收利用的实践

武汉分公司延迟焦化装置于1998年建成投产,处理量为40×104 t/a,2003年处理量扩大到100×104 t/a.装置外排污水一直是污水治理难点,含油污水的重质污油多次造成堵塞污水管线和污水处理场细菌大面积死亡的事故,外排的工业废水和雨水也对周边环境造成污染.     

常用家用电器的防火方法

目前,家用电器种类繁多,使用面广,电视机、电冰箱、收录机、洗衣机、电熨斗、电饭锅、空调器,录像机等。这些家用电器确实丰富和改善了人们的生活条件,但又     

日本cIDF的实施及对我国数字内容标识符的影响研究

日本cIDF是基于内容数字唯一标识符构建而成的,它能够更有效地解决版权保护和信息资源的长期利用等问题。但是我国想要构建自己的数字唯一标识符体系也需要从实际情况和需求出发,cIDF则在很大程度上为我国构建自己的数字内容唯一标识符体系提供了参考。     

Low-carbon society creation and socio-economic structural transition in China

China is facing the problem of climate change, environment protection and energy security. Therefore, China has to create a low-carbon society to address them. The purpose of this paper is to make a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of China’s reality and transition to a low-carbon society. The research indicates that China’s transition to low-carbon society will inevitably meet many difficulties under the relatively backward situation of China’s socio-economic structure and technologies at the current stage. Therefore, China has to take concrete policies and countermeasures to promote its development gradually. In particular, China has to vigorously promote the innovation of low carbon system, technologies, subsidy and tax, financing and investment to lay groundwork for comprehensive development of low-carbon society.     

Characterisation of an extracellular polysaccharide produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus MY6-2 and its application in metal biosorption

A novel extracellular bioflocculant from Bacillus mucilaginosus MY6-2 was obtained by alcohol precipitation, dialysis and lyophilisation. The chemical analysis indicated that the bioflocculant was mainly composed of extracellular polysaccharide (named EPS MY6-2). Monosacchride composition result analysed by Gas chromatography indicated that EPS MY6-2 was mainly composed of Man, Glc, Gal, GlcA and GalA. The result of flocculating characteristics indicated that pH, EPS dosage and cation supplement had evident effect on flocculating activity of EPS MY6-2. The biosorption of iron ions from aqueous solution was tested with respect to pH, initial metal ion concentration and EPS dosage. The optimum biosorption conditions were as follows: pH 5.0, initial ion concentration from 200 to 800 mg/L and EPS dosage of 60 mg/L ion solution. The adsorption rates are maintained above 95% under these conditions. The adsorption data provided an excellent fit to both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, implying that the binding of the iron ions took place as a monolayer on the surface of the EPS.