湿度传感器在环境监测中的技术应用研究

湿度是大气环境的主要参数,利用湿度传感器对环境湿度的监测能够及时掌握环境状态。首先,分析湿度传感器的结构和工作原理,对湿度传感器接收的信号进行处理。其次,选择SHT10系列湿度传感器作为湿度监测设备,开展湿度传感器的校准。最后,针对大气湿度进行湿度试验,分析试验结果。结果显示,监测显示误差小于0.354 %RH,具有一定的监测精度,且P值均大于α,由此判断湿度传感器监测具有一定的一致性,能够符合大气环境湿度监测要求。     

浮萍生长及其除磷效率的影响因素的研究

磷是藻类增殖的限制因子,是引起水体富营养化的关键营养物质.有效除磷,能在很大程度上减轻水体的富营养化.利用浮萍科植物吸收转化污水中的营养物质引起了越来越多研究者的关注,但对浮萍科植物除磷效果的影响因素的研究相对较少.以少根紫萍(Spirodela oligorrhiza)为供试材料,以完全培养液为处理对象,研究了培养液pH、少根紫萍初始放养密度对其生长及除磷效率的影响.结果表明:少根紫萍能够耐受的最低pH在4左右,在pH＝5～9能正常生长,在pH＝6～8具有较高的TP去除率,最高去除率可达84.1%;少根紫萍的相对增长率随其初始放养密度的增加而降低,但其鲜重增长量、平均增长速率、TP去除率及平均TP去除速率均随着初始放养密度的增加而增加.     

粉煤灰合成分子筛及处理含氟废水的研究

实验利用工业废渣——循环流化床粉煤灰合成出较高结晶度的X型和P型分子筛,合成过程无须高温焙烧预处理.通过XRD分析表征,发现该法合成分子筛结晶度较高,X型和P型分子筛相对结晶度分别达68%～75%和55%.实验应用合成分子筛进行载铁改性,并对NaF模拟的工业含氟废水进行了除氟实验.结果表明,载铁X型分子筛处理工业含氟废水效果良好,除氟率可达74%～98%,除氟容量达25.0～30.0 mg/g.在处理含氟废水过程中,载铁合成分子筛与其他除氟剂相比较,具有除氟率高、除氟容量大、反应迅速的特点.     

Effect of SiO2 addition on NH4HSO4 decomposition and SO2 poisoning over V2O5–MoO3/TiO2–CeO2 catalyst

The deposition of NH₄HSO₄ and the poisoning effect of SO₂ on SCR catalyst are the main obstacles that restrict the industrial application of CeO₂-doped SCR catalysts. In this work, deposited NH₄HSO₄ decomposition behavior and SO₂ poisoning over V₂O₅–MoO₃/TiO₂ catalysts modified with CeO₂ and SiO₂ were investigated. By the means of characterization analysis, it was found that the addition of SiO₂ into VMo/Ti–Ce had an impact on the interaction existed between catalyst surface atoms and NH₄HSO₄. Temperature-programmed methods and in situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments indicated that the doping of SiO₂ promoted the decomposition of deposited NH₄HSO₄ on VMo/Ti–Ce catalyst surface by reducing the thermal stability of NH₄HSO₄ and enhancing the NH₄HSO₄ reactivity with NO in low temperature. And this improvement may be the reason for the better catalytic activity than VMo/Ti–Ce in the case of NH₄HSO₄ deposition. Accompanied with cerium sulfate species generated over catalyst surface, the conversion of SO₂ to SO₃ was inhibited in SiCe mixed catalyst. The addition of SiO₂ could promote the decomposition of cerium sulfate, which may be a potential strategy to enhance the resistance of SO₂ poisoning over CeO₂-modifed catalysts.     

Plug-in electric vehicles in China and the USA: a technology and market comparison

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - As the top two plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) markets in the world, China and the United States of  America (USA) have developed...     

絮凝—电气浮法处理屠宰废水的研究

本文叙述了采用聚硫酸铁絮凝预处理和电气浮法处理屠宰废水的研究。探讨了絮凝剂加入量,PH值,搅拌时间,搅拌强度;沉降时间对絮凝效果的影响;探讨了气浮电压,气浮时间,电流密度,絮凝剂加入量对电气浮效果的影响;试验结果表明,COD去除率可达90%以上。经本法处理后之屠宰废水达到了四川省污染物排放标准中一类水域甲级的水平。     

优化产业结构,加速发展经济──对保康县“四大产业”措施的分析

根据保康县提出的四大经济产业开发措施，本文分析了四大产业开发的背景、意义和原则．     

清镇市区空气质量评价与污染防治对策

从典型工业污染源、市区扬尘来源、燃料燃烧、机动车尾气等方面对清镇市市区大气污染成因进行分析，特别是采用ADMS模型对清镇市主城区周边7家典型工业污染源进行研究，最后，从工业布局、能源结构、工程治理、尾气控制方面提出相应的防治对策。     

Review on the applications of Tropospheric Emissions Spectrometer to air-quality research: Perspectives for China

The Tropospheric Emissions Spectrometer (TES) aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Aura satellite launched in July 2004 is the first satellite instrument to provide simultaneous retrievals of ozone (O₃) and carbon monoxide (CO) throughout the Earth’s lower atmosphere. This paper briefly reviews the TES instrument, the retrieval of O₃ and CO profiles, and the validation of the retrievals. The applications of TES O₃ and CO products include mapping the vertical and horizontal distribution of tropospheric O₃ and CO and their correlations, examining the regional and continental outflow, and analyzing the variability of the two species associated with certain weather and climatic conditions, such as El Ni?o and the Asian monsoon. TES retrievals of O₃ and CO offer an important new source of satellite data over China with good spatial and temporal coverage that can provide evaluation and constraints on the performance of chemical transport models in simulating the general features of ozone pollution over China. Special observations have been conducted and requests may be submitted to the TES team to make geographically focused observations of O₃ and CO over China.     

再论科学安全观

以科学发展观,辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义为指导,以国际、国家社会发展为背景,综合各个领域提出的安全观,将安全观归纳为:宿命安全观、知命安全观、系统安全观和大安全观4种基本模式;提出以安全的社会价值和经济价值的认定为主体的安全价值观是安全观确立的基础,而构成安全观的人生价值观及人命价值观等是人生观乃至世界观的重要组成部分,是每个人实现人生价值观的保障。笔者试图以安全科学的基本理论统一人们对安全观的认识,旨在进一步充实完善安全学的学术内容。