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111.
The degree of chemical treatment in terms of removal of organic matter from different wastewaters has been investigated by employing potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) and ozone in various combinations. The study was performed in both the batch and the continuous flow systems. The treatment efficiency was determined through three different methods, i.e., chemical oxygen demand (COD), fluorescence and ultraviolet (UV) absorption. Fluorescence and UV absorption techniques were employed due to their specificity in measurement of humic substances, aromatic compounds and heterocyclic systems, whereas COD is a general parameter for the estimation of total organic matter. Fluorescence and UV absorbance values were correlated with respective COD values.Abdul Bari is with the Department of ChemistryShaukat Farooq is with the Department of Civil Engineering 相似文献
112.
焉耆盆地不同耕地土壤中微量元素污染风险对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从新疆焉耆盆地不同耕地类型(辣椒地、小麦地、玉米地、番茄地、向日葵地、甜菜地)采集186个土壤样品,测定其中8种元素(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn)的含量,利用污染负荷指数法(PLI)和潜在生态风险指数法(RI),对不同耕地中微量元素的污染和潜在生态风险进行评估。结果表明:(1) 焉耆盆地不同耕地中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb与Zn含量平均值均未超出国家土壤环境质量二级标准;(2) 不同耕地中8种元素单项污染指数反映的环境风险各不相同,各耕地类型土壤PLI的平均值均呈现轻度污染;(3)不同耕地类型土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的单项生态风险指数与各耕地类型RI值均属轻微风险水平。从空间分布可以看出,研究区所有农田类型的土壤RI在空间分布上均呈现轻微生态风险态势。辣椒地与小麦地中潜在生态风险指数较大的区域位于博湖县南部的农田,玉米地、番茄地、向日葵地和甜菜地中潜在生态风险指数较大区域主要分布于和硕县东部的农田。 相似文献
113.
为进一步了解土壤环境容量状况,从焉耆盆地采集191个农田土壤样品,测定其中As、Ni、Cr、Cu、Pb、Cd和Zn 7种重金属元素的含量,基于GIS技术,采用综合容量指数法分析农田土壤重金属环境容量特征与空间分布规律。结果表明:1)焉耆盆地农田土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb与Zn含量平均值均未超出GB 15618—2018《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》中的土壤风险筛选值;2)农田土壤各重金属元素单项环境容量指数平均值由大到小依次为:As、Cr、Ni、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn。As的环境容量指数处于高容量状态,Ni、Cr、Cu、Pb、Cd、Zn等元素环境容量指数均处于中容量状态;3)研究区7种重金属元素环境容量空间分布情况不同,研究区各容量区土壤面积顺序为:中容量区 > 高容量区 > 低容量区 > 超载区 > 警戒区。该结果可为研究区农田土壤环境保护和管理提供依据。 相似文献
114.
Wenjing Lu Yawar Abbas Muhammad Farooq Mustafa Chao Pan Hongtao Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):30
115.
Muhammad Nadeem Zafar Abdul Wahid Muhammad Afzal Ghauri Muhammad Zubair Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz Farooq Anwar 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3):422-433
This investigation describes the use of specially cultivated, nonliving biomass of Trichoderma harzianum as a biosorbent for the batch removal of Pb(II) from a stirred system under different experimental conditions. The metal removal depended upon pH, sorbent particle size, initial Pb(II) concentration, shaking speed, and sorption time. The optimal experimental conditions for the removal of Pb(II) by T. harzianum with an initial metal concentration of 100 mg L?1 were obtained at a particle size of 53 μm, a pH of 4.5, a shaking speed of 200 rpm, and a contact time of 720 min. The results were analyzed in terms of adsorption isotherms and kinetic models. The Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo second-order model fitted well in the data. T. harzianum proved to be a good biomaterial for accumulating Pb(II) from aqueous solutions (q = 460 mg g?1). 相似文献
116.
Li Lan Long Meijuan Islam Faisal Farooq Muhammad A. Wang Jian Mwamba Theodore M. Shou Jianyao Zhou Weijun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(12):11827-11845
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nowadays, modern plant physiology focuses on complex behavior of metal co-contaminants in agrosystems. Keeping this in view, the current study was... 相似文献
117.
Gill Rafaqat A. Zhang Na Ali Basharat Farooq Muhammad A. Xu Jianxiang Gill Muhammad B. Mao Bizeng Zhou Weijun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(20):20483-20496
118.
Aziz Khan Daniel Kean Yuen Tan Fazal Munsif Muhammad Zahir Afridi Farooq Shah Fan Wei Shah Fahad Ruiyang Zhou 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(30):23471-23487
Cotton (Gossypium hirustum L.) is grown globally as a major source of natural fiber. Nitrogen (N) management is cumbersome in cotton production systems; it has more impacts on yield, maturity, and lint quality of a cotton crop than other primary plant nutrient. Application and production of N fertilizers consume large amounts of energy, and excess application can cause environmental concerns, i.e., nitrate in ground water, and the production of nitrous oxide a highly potent greenhouse gas (GHG) to the atmosphere, which is a global concern. Therefore, improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of cotton plant is critical in this context. Slow-release fertilizers (e.g., polymer-coated urea) have the potential to increase cotton yield and reduce environmental pollution due to more efficient use of nutrients. Limited literature is available on the mitigation of GHG emissions for cotton production. Therefore, this review focuses on the role of N fertilization, in cotton growth and GHG emission management strategies, and will assess, justify, and organize the researchable priorities. Nitrate and ammonium nitrogen are essential nutrients for successful crop production. Ammonia (NH3) is a central intermediate in plant N metabolism. NH3 is assimilated in cotton by the mediation of glutamine synthetase, glutamine (z-) oxoglutarate amino-transferase enzyme systems in two steps: the first step requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to add NH3 to glutamate to form glutamine (Gln), and the second step transfers the NH3 from glutamine (Gln) to α-ketoglutarate to form two glutamates. Once NH3 has been incorporated into glutamate, it can be transferred to other carbon skeletons by various transaminases to form additional amino acids. The glutamate and glutamine formed can rapidly be used for the synthesis of low-molecular-weight organic N compounds (LMWONCs) such as amides, amino acids, ureides, amines, and peptides that are further synthesized into high-molecular-weight organic N compounds (HMWONCs) such as proteins and nucleic acids. 相似文献
119.
Kinetics of carbon mineralization of biochars compared with wheat straw in three soils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Qayyum MF Steffens D Reisenauer HP Schubert S 《Journal of environmental quality》2012,41(4):1210-1220
Application of biochars to soils may stabilize soil organic matter and sequester carbon (C). The objectives of our research were to study in vitro C mineralization kinetics of various biochars in comparison with wheat straw in three soils and to study their contribution to C stabilization. Three soils (Oxisol, Alfisol topsoil, and Alfisol subsoil) were incubated at 25°C with wheat straw, charcoal, hydrothermal carbonization coal (HTC), low-temperature conversion coal (LTC), and a control (natural organic matter). Carbon mineralization was analyzed by alkali absorption of CO released at regular intervals over 365 d. Soil samples taken after 5 and 365 d of incubation were analyzed for soluble organic C and inorganic N. Chemical characterization of biochars and straw for C and N bonds was performed with Fourier transformation spectroscopy and with the N fractionation method, respectively. The LTC treatment contained more N in the heterocyclic-bound N fraction as compared with the biochars and straw. Charcoal was highly carbonized when compared with the HTC and LTC. The results show higher C mineralization and a lower half-life of straw-C compared with biochars. Among biochars, HTC showed some C mineralization when compared with charcoal and LTC over 365 d. Carbon mineralization rates were different in the three soils. The half-life of charcoal-C was higher in the Oxisol than in the Alfisol topsoil and subsoil, possibly due to high Fe-oxides in the Oxisol. The LTC-C had a higher half-life, possibly due to N unavailability. We conclude that biochar stabilization can be influenced by soil type. 相似文献
120.
Khairy MA Kolb M Mostafa AR El-Fiky A Bahadir M 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(3):794-811