含油污泥油含量测定方法

根据“相似易溶”原理,采用重量法和索氏抽提-紫外吸收光度法对含油污泥的油含量测定进行了研究,利用差重和含有芳香族化合物的石油及其产品在紫外区的吸收波长特性,采用了毒性较小的正己烷、石油醚或混合庚烷等作为萃取荆。根据试验结果可知,重量法具有药荆使用量少、标准偏差小（1.48％）,结果准确等特点;紫外吸收光度法具有操作简便、数据重现性好等优点,适于芳烃含量较高的含油泥油含量的测定。     

区域可持续发展能力的AHP综合评价

从经济可持续、社会可持续和生态可持续三个角度出发,建立区域可持续发展评价的指标体系,根据山东省1996年、2000年及2004年可持续发展调查数据,建立多目标线性加权函数对该可持续发展体系进行了综合评价模型,运用层次分析法(AHP)计算评价体系中各单项指标、领域层及子系统层的评价权重,分析结果表明山东省的可持续发展呈现逐步上升的态势,但与建立"和谐山东"的发展目标仍存在很大差距.该评价模型原理简单,可操作性强,对于政府管理及宏观决策部门有一定的应用价值.     

大气综合改善措施在老工业城市转型中的应用

以中国典型的老工业城市沈阳市为例,分析总结了沈阳市“十五”以来在城市转型过程中环境空气质量综合改善决策的产生、综合整治措施的实施及所取得的效益,为一些老工业城市转型过程中整治环境空气污染,改善城市形象,实现协调发展这一迫切需要解决的问题提出了建议。     

多氯联苯管理体系探讨

多氯联苯属于《斯德哥尔摩公约》首批需要控制和消减的持久性有机污染物,在国内主要用于电力设备的绝缘油。中国的多氯联苯污染形态主要有含多氯联苯的设备以及受多氯联苯污染的土壤。针对中国目前存在的多氯联苯污染,分析了其特点,从法律、法规以及标准等方面介绍了多氯联苯污染控制的相关政策法规和管理现状,同发达国家多氯联苯污染管理体系进行比较,对中国多氯联苯污染管理不足提出相应的具体管理政策建议,主要包括管理方面持久性有机污染物技术规范方面和环境经济方面。     

绥棱县城镇环境噪声变化趋势的研究

绥棱县环境监测站自1987年以来,每年对城镇环境噪声进行一次监测。经过多年监测,获得监测数据30多万个,通过对比得出：工业噪声源的影响在逐年变小,工业声源影响构成百分比由20年前的38%降至现在的20%,但局部地区对附近居民的影响依旧存在;随着城镇建设速度的加快,建筑施工噪声源的影响在逐年加大,施工声源构成百分比由20年前的2%增加到12%;随着交通运输业的发展,车流量的逐年增多,道路交通噪声污染在逐年加重,超标路段由20年前的13.7%上升到现在的32.3%;目前处于超标环境中的面积率和人口率分别为51.9%和69.2%,白天居民生活居住区和混合区噪声污染较重,夜间有三分之一居住混合区污染还很严重。     

黑龙江省地下水污染防治对策

文章介绍了黑龙江省地下水污染的程度及其分布,揭示了地下水环境存在的天然水质不良、土壤盐渍化导致的原生盐溃化水环境问题及地下水污染、区域性地下水位持续下降筝导致的次生地下水环境问题,并分别从开发和推广节约用水的新技术及新工艺、对企业进行清洁生产评估和技术改造,减少工业污染排放、建立地下水水源保护工程及预警监测工程、完善地下水开采法律及法规等方面,提出了地下水保护的主要对策。     

An integrated assessment method of urban drainage system:A case study in Shenzhen City,China

In recent years, the urban drainage system in China is facing the dual pressure of renovation and construction. This requires that the integrated assessment for the planning and operation of the urban drainage system is obligatory. To evaluate the urban drainage system, an integrated assessment methodology based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), integrated simulation, and fuzzy assessment is established. This method is a multi-criteria decision adding app roach to the assessment of the urban drainage system comprehensively. Through the integration of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), a simple wastewater treatment plant model, and a surface water quality model, an integrated modelling system for the urban drainage system is developed and applied as a key tool for assessment. Using the established method, a case study in Shenzhen City has been implemented to evaluate and compare two urban drainage system reno vation plans, the distributed plan and the centralized plan. Because of the particularity of this case study, the established method is not applied entirely. Considering the water environ mental impact, ecological impact, technological feasibility, and economic cost, the integrated performance of the distri buted plan is better. As shown in this case study, the proposed method is found to be both effective and practical.     

用ScS波震相测定远震震源深度的研究

本文介绍了ScS波的传播路径及走时曲线,选用图象说明ScS波震相的运动学和动力学的主要特征.并利用ScS波震相测定沈阳地震台单台记录的八个远震震源深度,通过对ScS波、pP波和sP波在远震地震图中进行比较分析,结果表明:所得到震源深度误差都在±30Km范围内,达到所要求的精度范围,提高了单台测定震相精度,因此用ScS波震相测定远震深度是一种测定震源深度行之有效的辅助方法.     

Compromises of Bali Roadmap

Abstract

The Bali Roadmap, as the breakthrough on inter-governmental negotiation of climate change mitigation, having brought United States on track, is still a result of compromises. The major compromises of the Bali Roadmap are centered around three issues of quantifying emission reduction targets, developing countries’ obligations as well as quantifying developed countries’ financial assistance in developing countries’ capacity building on climate change. It is found that the rationalities behind these compromises are the national interests. Due to the fact, achieving cohesion among all nations in climate change actions is very difficult. Therefore, the Bali Roadmap may lead to a tough way with distant hope. However, technology innovation and well-designed economic instruments would be helpful and supportive for further international negotiation and cooperation.     

The Economic Effect of Mineral Resources Exploitation in Bijie Prefecture in Guizhou

Abstract

The exploitation of mineral resources plays an important role in promoting national economic development. Mining is an essential component of China’s industrial economy. Using grey correlation method to analyze the correlative effect of mineral resources exploitation to relevant industries, using national income method to calculate the pulling effect of mineral resources exploitation to economic growth and using graphs as well as tables to analyze the income distribution effect, the article obtains active economic effect of mineral resources development in Bijie, Guizhou. Moreover, from the view of resources-cored effect, the article analyzes negative effects such as single industrial structure brought by mineral resource development. Through analysis, we find that mineral resources exploitation to some extent brings active effects including gross domestic product growth, local financial revenue growth and relevant industries development; however, its negative effects should not be ignored. The negative effect can be lightened by diversifying industrial structure and prolonging industrial chain.