全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1075篇 |
免费 | 11篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 64篇 |
废物处理 | 28篇 |
环保管理 | 182篇 |
综合类 | 145篇 |
基础理论 | 261篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 271篇 |
评价与监测 | 97篇 |
社会与环境 | 45篇 |
灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 18篇 |
2017年 | 17篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 27篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 118篇 |
2012年 | 45篇 |
2011年 | 69篇 |
2010年 | 54篇 |
2009年 | 51篇 |
2008年 | 67篇 |
2007年 | 55篇 |
2006年 | 46篇 |
2005年 | 36篇 |
2004年 | 39篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1960年 | 4篇 |
1956年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1102条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
Different collector types for sampling deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons--comparison of measurement results and their uncertainty 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gladtke D Bakker F Biaudet H Brennfleck A Coleman P Creutznacher H Van Egmond BF Hafkenscheid T Hahne F Houtzager MM Leoz-Garziandia E Menichini E Olschewski A Remesch T 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(8):2054-2062
Different collector types, sample workup procedures and analysis methods to measure the deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were tested and compared. Whilst sample workup and analysis methods did not influence the results of PAH deposition measurements, using different collector types changed the measured deposition rates of PAH significantly. The results obtained with a funnel-bottle collector showed the highest deposition rates and a low measurement uncertainty. The deposition rates obtained with the wet-only collectors were the lowest at industrial sites and under dry weather conditions. For the open-jar collectors the measurement uncertainty was high. Only at an industrial site with extremely high PAH deposition rates the results of open-jar collectors were comparable to those obtained with funnel-bottle collectors. Thus, if bulk deposition of PAH has to be measured, funnel-bottle combinations are proved to be the collectors of choice. These collectors were the only ones always fulfilling the requirements of European legislation. 相似文献
992.
This paper provides new econometric evidence on the determinants of eco-innovations by using multiple innovation indicators and by combining survey-based information and patent records at the firm level from two different time periods. We hypothesize that firms with a propensity to patent focus on future technological and market opportunities and do not directly or immediately react to incentives created by environmental policies. Based on negative binomial models, we confirm that eco-patents are stimulated by the expectation of creating technological advancement and new market opportunities. By contrast, energy cost savings can better or more easily be achieved when firms refrain from patenting and concentrate on non-patented innovations or adoption. Favorable framework conditions created by environmental policies and patent protection are also important for eco-patenting, but more in the longer term. Testing the validity of using self-reported eco-innovations, instead of patents, as the dependent variable in simple binomial probit models reveals that product eco-innovations as reported in the surveys are a relatively good proxy for eco-patents. Yet, for product eco-innovations, serving and enlarging current markets is another important reason to innovate. 相似文献
993.
The Concept of Farm Animal Welfare: Citizen Perceptions and Stakeholder Opinion in Flanders, Belgium
Filiep Vanhonacker Wim Verbeke Els Van Poucke Zuzanna Pieniak Griet Nijs Frank Tuyttens 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2012,25(1):79-101
Several attempts to conceptualize farm animal welfare have been criticized for diverging reasons, among them often the failure
to incorporate the public concern and opinion. This paper’s objective is to develop a conception of farm animal welfare that
starts from the public’s perception and integrates the opinion of different stakeholder representatives, thus following a
fork-to-farm approach. Four qualitative citizen focus group discussions were used to develop a quantitative questionnaire,
which has been completed by a representative sample of Flemish citizens (n = 459). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were applied to develop a conception of farm animal welfare starting
from an extended list of aspects that relate to animal production and associate with farm animal welfare in the public’s perception.
In depth interviews with stakeholder representatives were used to match and adapt the structure of the animal welfare conception
model. The resulting conception revealed seven dimensions grouped in two different levels. Three dimensions were animal-based:
“Suffering and Stress,” “Ability to Engage in Natural Behavior,” and “Animal Health.” Four dimensions were resource-based:
“Housing and Barn climate,” “Transport and Slaughter,” “Feed and Water,” and “Human-Animal Relationship.” This conception
is distinct from earlier attempts since it is based on public perceptions; it addresses the opinion of different stakeholders,
and it distinguishes empirically between animal-based and resource-based dimensions in the conceptualization of farm animal
welfare. The relevancy of a popular definition is supported by the present demand oriented economy, in which animal welfare
is a non-trade concern, and mainly left to the market where consumers still mainly act as individuals who calculate and weigh
pros and cons. 相似文献
994.
Release of methane from aerobic soil: an indication of a novel chemical natural process? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Methane (CH4) formation under aerobic conditions has been intensely debated, especially since the discovery of CH4 generation by both dried plant material and living plants. In this study we test the hypothesis that non-microbial CH4 formation also occurs in soils. All lyophilised soil samples investigated under aerobic conditions released CH4 at temperatures ranging from 30 to 70 °C exceeding that allowing normal enzymatic activity to proceed. No emissions were observed for single mineral soil components such as quartz sand, clay mineral and iron oxide. Methane release rates from the soils investigated were found to increase both with increasing temperature and higher organic carbon content. Addition of water to dried soils increased CH4 release rates up to 8-fold those observed with the dried material. Our results suggest the existence of a chemical process in soils that produces CH4 under aerobic conditions, a finding which has not been hitherto reported. 相似文献
995.
Methyl chloride emissions from halophyte leaf litter: dependence on temperature and chloride content
Derendorp L Wishkerman A Keppler F McRoberts C Holzinger R Röckmann T 《Chemosphere》2012,87(5):483-489
Methyl chloride (CH3Cl) is the most abundant natural chlorine containing compound in the atmosphere, and responsible for a significant fraction of stratospheric ozone destruction. Understanding the global CH3Cl budget is therefore of great importance. However, the strength of the individual sources and sinks is still uncertain. Leaf litter is a potentially important source of methyl chloride, but factors controlling the emissions are unclear. This study investigated CH3Cl emissions from leaf litter of twelve halophyte species. The emissions were not due to biological activity, and emission rates varied between halophyte species up to two orders of magnitude. For all species, the CH3Cl emission rates increased with temperature following the Arrhenius relation. Activation energies were similar for all investigated plant species, indicating that even though emissions vary largely between plant species, their response to changing temperatures is similar. The chloride and methoxyl group contents of the leaf litter samples were determined, but those parameters were not significantly correlated to the CH3Cl emission rate. 相似文献
996.
Bryan W. Clark A. J. Bone R. T. Di Giulio 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(24):13898-13908
Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting the Atlantic Wood Superfund site on the Elizabeth River (Portsmouth, VA, USA) are exposed to a complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from former creosote operations, but are resistant to the acute toxicity and cardiac teratogenesis caused by PAHs. The resistance is associated with a dramatic recalcitrance to induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP1) metabolism enzymes following exposure to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonists, along with an elevated antioxidant response and increased expression of several other xenobiotic metabolism and excretion enzymes. However, the heritability of the resistance in the absence of chemical stressors has been inconsistently demonstrated. Understanding the heritability of this resistance will help clarify the nature of population-level responses to chronic exposure to PAH mixtures and aid in identifying the important mechanistic components of resistance to aryl hydrocarbons. We compared the response of Atlantic Wood F1 and F2 embryos to benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB-126), and a mixture of BkF and fluoranthene (Fl) to that of F1 embryos of reference site killifish. Resistance to cardiac teratogenesis and induction of CYP mRNA expression and CYP activity was determined. We found that both Atlantic Wood F1 and F2 embryos were highly resistance to cardiac teratogenesis. However, the resistance by Atlantic Wood F2 embryos to induction of CYP mRNA expression and enzyme activity was intermediate between that of Atlantic Wood F1 embryos and reference embryos. These results suggest that resistance to cardiac teratogenesis in Atlantic Wood fish is conferred by multiple factors, not all of which appear to be fully genetically heritable. 相似文献
997.
Matlou Daniel Pheeha Bissong Marie Ebob AgborTabot Tchatchouang Christ-Donald Kaptchouang Adem Mohomud Rashid Foka Frank Eric Tatsing Kumar Ajay Ateba Collins Njie 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(15):15105-15114
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been responsible for numerous outbreaks of serious infections in humans worldwide. Enterococcus faecium... 相似文献
998.
S. R. Milillo B. Lungu C. A. O’Bryan S. E. Dowd A. Muthaiyan M. G. Johnson 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):146-150
In certain environments nutrient and energy sources available to microorganisms can be limited. Foodborne pathogens must efficiently adapt in order to be successfully transmitted through the food chain to their hosts. For the intracellular foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, little is known regarding its response to nutrient/energy-limiting conditions. The alternative stress responsive sigma factor σB has been reported to contribute to survival under specific stresses. Therefore, the effects of several metabolic inhibitors on growth of L. monocytogenes wild-type and a ΔsigB mutant were examined. In the absence of inhibitors, both strains reached stationary phase after 18 h at 23°C and 10 h at 37°C. All of the metabolic inhibitors slowed growth of either strain, with few differences observed among the different inhibitors. 相似文献
999.
Frank J. Schenck Vinetta Howard‐King 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(1):1-12
Abstract A multiresidue solid‐phase extraction (SPE) method for the isolation and subsequent gas Chromatographie determination of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in low‐moisture, nonfatty products is described. Residues are extracted from samples with an acetonitrile/water mixture. Cleanup of the extract is performed using graphitized carbon black and anion exchange SPE columns, and analysis is performed by gas chromatography with Hall electrolytic conductivity and flame photometric detection. Recovery data was obtained by fortifying corn, oats and wheat with pesticides. The average recoveries were 79–123% for eight organochlorine and 51–122% for 28 organophosphorus pesticide residues. The limit of quantitation for chlorpyriphos was 0.05 ppm using the Hall electrolytic conductivity detector and <0.005 ppm using the flame photometric detector. 相似文献
1000.
Frank P. Scaringelli Raymond E. Boone George A. Jutze 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(6):310-313
A method is described for dynamic calibration of an acid aerosol analyzer based on a commercial modification of the Thomas Autometer and manufactured by the Instrument Development Company. This automated instrument removes acid aerosol from an air stream by sonic impaction, and the sulfuric acid collected is determined conductometrically. An all-glass aerosol generator based on the reaction of water vapor with sulfur trioxide vapor released from fuming sulfuric acid was built for the calibration. Air samples were withdrawn for instrument calibration before and after the concentration of the acid aerosol was determined by titration. The apparent particle size as determined by an Andersen sampler ranged from 2.0 microns to less than 0.68 micron and exhibited a sharp peak with mass median diameter at 1.3 microns in the distribution curve. The size of the aerosol, within certain limits, could be controlled by humidity. Data indicated a linear response with an aerosol collection efficiency of 80 percent in the important respirable size range. 相似文献