全文获取类型
收费全文 | 940篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 51篇 |
废物处理 | 25篇 |
环保管理 | 127篇 |
综合类 | 167篇 |
基础理论 | 237篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 235篇 |
评价与监测 | 80篇 |
社会与环境 | 34篇 |
灾害及防治 | 8篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 18篇 |
2017年 | 14篇 |
2016年 | 18篇 |
2015年 | 24篇 |
2014年 | 18篇 |
2013年 | 102篇 |
2012年 | 35篇 |
2011年 | 61篇 |
2010年 | 43篇 |
2009年 | 45篇 |
2008年 | 55篇 |
2007年 | 46篇 |
2006年 | 37篇 |
2005年 | 31篇 |
2004年 | 29篇 |
2003年 | 28篇 |
2002年 | 34篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 8篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1960年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有965条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
Katrin Palitzsch Sabine Göllner Kristina Lupa Jörg Matschullat Corinna Messal Kirsten Pleßow Mandy Schipek Ivonne Schnabel Christian Weller Frank Zimmermann 《Environmental Sciences Europe》2005,17(4):231-241
The trend of rising ozone concentrations in forest ecosystems and the phytotoxicity of ozone demand a realistic risk assessment according to an internationally accepted and flux-based quality standard. Ozone fluxes within the canopy are influenced by chemical gas-phase reactions with nitrogen oxide and biogenic hydrocarbons and by surface deposition processes. Therefore, a differentiation of the ozone flux within the canopy is needed between stomatal uptake and other transport pathways. The Eddy Covariance technique is the method of choice for the determination of trace gas fluxes relevant for ozone chemistry. This method is also used for stomatal conductance measurements based on evapotranspiration fluxes and for emission measurements of biogenic hydrocarbons by PTR-MS. Although considerably research efforts were directed to canopy measurements in recent years, the underlying processes are not fully understood yet. Thus, major differences occur in the ratios of stomatal ozone uptake, non-stomatal deposition and gas-phase chemistry between different studies. Furthermore, the vertical concentration gradients within the canopy measured at several forest sites are rather inconsistent and the existing deposition models do rarely account for chemical transformation and detoxification processes. Only a simultaneous measurement of all photochemically relevant trace gases, plant physiological parameters at different sites and forest species over entire vegetation periods, and model parameterization according to the measurement results from the experimental sites will contribute to the clarification of the canopy processes and will ensure realistic risk assessments. 相似文献
126.
Allogeneic assays were conducted in situ on the Red Sea hydrocoral Millepora dichotoma. Forty-five pairwise combinations among ten colonies and ten control isografts were set up in four replicates each (180 and 40 pairs, respectively) and followed for up to 8 mo in the Gulf of Eilat, Red Sea in 1992–1993. In 42 allogeneic combinations we recorded a reproducible and unilateral tissue and skeleton overgrowth which developed within the first 10 wk up to 20 mm. Following the development of these primary overgrowths, four types of secondary responses were observed among most incompatible combinations: reversals in overgrowth directionality, tissue necroses, stand-offs and abnormal growth patterns. Secondary responses within a given set of replicates of most allogeneic combinations were characterized by high variability in type and intensity of response. Based on the outcomes of primary overgrowths, a complex nontransitive hierarchy was constructed for the ten colonies. All isografts and three allogeneic combinations fused within 3 wk. Fusion pattern between the three allogeneic combinations was nontransitive: one M. dichotoma colony repeatedly fused with two other colonies (four assays each). However, these two colonies not only did not fuse with each other, but one of them repeatedly overgrew its confrére. In the third compatible combination, the most superior and the most inferior colonies in the network of hierarchies among the ten colonies, fused in all tested assays. These results are compared with allogeneic outcomes in other enidarians, where nontransitive fusion between allogenic colonies have never been recorded. 相似文献
127.
Ludwig Weißflog Wolfgang Rolle Klaus-Dieter Wenzel Ralph Kühne Gerrit Schüürmann 《Environmental Sciences Europe》1994,6(3):135-138
The deposition of heavy metals bound to air dust and their ecological effects depend, to a large degree, on particle size, which influences the transport processes in the environment. To estimate the size range of the particles mainly taken up by the pine needles, concentration gradients along a sector leeward of Leipzig were modelled according toGauss plume calculations. The results show that the aerodynamic size is between 1 and 10 μm. Particles of this size range can be taken up by lungs and, thus, have a particular toxicological relevance. 相似文献
128.
Malte Andersson Frank Götmark Christer G. Wiklund 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1981,9(3):199-202
Summary The information-centre hypothesis suggests that bird colonies function as sources of information about good feeding sites, to which unsuccessful birds may follow foragers. One assumption of the hypothesis is that unusually successful foragers are followed by other colony members when returning to a newly found, rich food source. We tested this assumption in a colony of Black-headed Gulls (Larus ridibundus). Parents feeding their young from a rich, artificial food source were observed on their return trips to the feeding site. In none of 50 cases did other colony members follow them to the newly found food. However, the gulls were attracted to groups of foraging conspecifics. In experiments with paired food piles and a group of model gulls at one pile in each pair, Black-headed Gulls always alighted first at the piles with models. Hence the information-centre mechanism was refuted, but the gulls did acquire food information from each other in another way. 相似文献
129.
The benefit of group living is a fundamental question in social evolution. For sociality to evolve, each individual must gain
in terms of some fitness component by living in larger groups. However, in social insects, a decrease in per capita success in brood production has been observed in larger groups. While it has been proposed that this decrease could be outweighed
by an increase in the predictability of success, a functional basis to this hypothesis has so far never been demonstrated.
In this paper, using foraging economics as a functional proxy to colony productivity, we construct a model to explore how
number of foragers in the colony interacts with the ecology of resources to influence per capita foraging success and its
predictability. The results of the model show that there is no increase in per capita foraging success in larger colonies
under most circumstances, though there is an increase in its predictability. We then test the model with empirical data on
the foraging behavior of the primitively eusocial wasp, Ropalidia marginata. The consistency between the data and the model suggests that foraging economics could provide a robust functional basis
in explaining the relationship between colony size and productivity. 相似文献
130.
成百上千的活性物质正被用于人药和兽药处方中.由于药物的广泛应用,它们的残留物可通过多种途径进入环境.虽然主要通过尿和粪便的排泄,但是药品生产中的排放也应被考虑.当抗生素用于水产业,就会产生更直接的影响.污水处理设备不能完全除去药物,因此药物会出现在地表和地下水样品中.近年来,人们对环境中药物的兴趣正在增加,需要建立一种快速、灵敏、有选择性的方法来分析水样. 相似文献