太原市工业区大气中TSP浓度及元素成分分析

采用校正空白称量法对太原市工业区大气中ＴＳＰ浓度进行了测定分析，对该区大气ＴＳＰ浓度随时间变化的规律，超标情况及污染特征进行了研究，同时测定了ＴＳＰ中Ｃｒ、Ｐｂ等１２种元素的含量。     

额尔齐斯—玛因鄂博断裂带——新疆一个重要的构造结合带

新疆阿勒泰区的额尔齐斯—玛因鄂博断裂带是划分阿尔泰褶皱区与北准噶尔褶皱区的一条重要构造结合带。南北两区,无论在地层、构造、喷发—侵入活动、矿化作用以及变质程度上均有明显不同,资料表明,它经历了长期的发育过程,最终发展成为两区的天然分界线。     

草甸棕壤对~(210)Pb(Pb)、~(210)Bi的吸附和pH的影响

根据土壤中几种无机配位体浓度,推算了Pb不同沉淀形式所对应的浓度,并将其与~(210)Pb示踪实验测量值对比,证明土壤中Pb主要是以磷酸盐形式存在。~(210)Bi和Pb共沉淀后被土壤吸附。pH对土壤~(210)Pb(Pb)、~(210)Bi、吸附影响曲线形状相似。土壤Pb和~(210)Bi分别在pH值为5和2.6时解吸。测定了土壤—水系统中~(210)Pb和~(210)Bi的分配系数,分别为(0.5—0.6)×10~3和(0.3—3.0)×10~4。     

江苏省盐城市环境空气质量综合评价及整治对策

随着经济发展的加速,盐城已逐步融入长三角经济体系中,城市现代化建设正在大踏步向前迈进,城市生态环境问题也日益受到关注,生态环境问题已成为社会关注的焦点,是衡量盐城社会经济发展的重要指标,实现环境、经济、社会的和谐发展已逐步成为人们的共识.文章针对盐城环境空气质量问题,运用SO2、NO2和PM10等指标表示空气环境质量,采用模糊综合评价方法对盐城空气环境质量等级进行了划分,并采用API指数评价方法对污染程度作出了评价,分析了盐城环境空气质量面临的挑战,提出了盐城市区污染的防控措施.     

Transformation of Organic Matter of the Larch Forest Soils in the Northern Taiga of Nizhne-Tungusskoe Plateau, Central Siberia

The evaluation of biospheric role of the boreal forests in the accumulation of carbon is connected with the evaluation of organic matter (OM) pool in soils. The research sites were larch forests, they are situated on Nizhne-Tungusskoe Plateau. Larch forests of feather-moss and lichen types (110 and 380 years old) were formed on 'ochric podbur' soils. Litter stocks are 3.5–4.5 kg m^{− 2} with thickness 10–25 cm. Cryomezomorphic northern taiga soils contains 38–73 t (carbon) ha^{− 1}. Pool of fast mineralized OM has average value 38.1 t (carbon) ha^{− 1}, including 20.5 and 6.4 t (Carbon) ha^{− 1} of labile compounds on surface and in the soil, and 11.2 t (carbon) ha^{− 1} of mobile OM. Microbial mass reaches 1.78–3.47 t (carbon) ha^{− 1}, its proportion is 3.6–4.9% of the total OM carbon. Zoomass of feather-moss larch forest is 0.20–0.61 * 10^{− 2}, in lichen larch forest −0.01–0.07 * 10^{− 2} t (carbon) ha^{− 1}. A pool of resistant to biological decomposition and bonded to mineral soil matrix OM is 17.7 t (carbon) ha^{− 1} and it varies from 18.6 to 29.0 in feather-moss larch forest, and from 6.4 to 17.0 t (carbon) ha^{− 1} in lichen larch forest. Two-years field experiment has been performed to determine transformation rates of various plant litter fractions and to clarify the role of soil biota in these processes. The results showed participation of all biota groups in the decomposition of plant residues caused weight loss of larch-needles and root mortmass. Isolation of organic matter from all-size invertebrate groups leads to some decrease of decomposition activity.     

新加坡控制汽车排放污染的经验

汽车，作为现代文明的产物一经出现便得到了迅猛的发展，给世界带来了动感，给人们的生活带来了便捷和舒适，但与此同时也给我们赖以生存的环境带来了越来越严重的空气污染。资料表明，发达国家城市空气污染中曾经主要来源于汽车的排放，在汽车密度大的国家和地区，汽车排放污染成为严重的社会公害，有些国家还发生了光化学污染事件，     

肯尼亚米达河红树林森林恢复状况:一个受损害的还是有保障的未来?

本文研究了米达河(南纬3°20',东经40°00')两个红树林森林地区(乌永博和基雷普维)带状横断面的红树林植被的结构和恢复型式.