Aerosol optical properties based on ground measurements over the Chinese Yangtze Delta Region

The characteristics of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and Angstrom exponent were analyzed and compared using Cimel sunphotometer data from 2007 to 2008 at five sites located in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. The simultaneous measurements between Lin’an and ZFU showed a very high consistency of AOD at all wavelengths. The differences are less than 0.02 for Angstrom exponent and AOD at all wavelengths. The mean values of AOD at 440 nm at the Pudong, Taihu and Lin’an were about 0.74 ± 0.43, 0.85 ± 0.46, and 0.89 ± 0.46, respectively. The mean values of Angstrom exponents were about 1.27 ± 0.30, 1.20 ± 0.28 and 1.32 ± 0.35, respectively. The variation of monthly averaged AOD over Pudong showed a single peak distribution, with the maximum value occurring in July (AOD_440nm 1.26 ± 0.61) and minimum in January (AOD_440nm 0.50 ± 0.27). However, the variations of monthly averaged AOD at Taihu and Lin’an showed a bi-modal distribution. There were peak values of AOD occurring in July (AOD_440nm 1.41 ± 0.49) and September (AOD_440nm 1.22 ± 0.52) for Taihu. For Lin’an, the two peak values of AOD occurred in June (AOD_440nm 1.17 ± 0.69) and September (AOD_440nm 1.28 ± 0.46). The AOD accumulated mainly between 0.30–0.90(68%), 0.30–1.20(75%) and 0.30–1.20 (～75%) at Pudong, Taihu, and Lin’an, respectively. The Angstrom exponent accumulated mainly between 1.10–1.60 (75%), 1.10–1.50 (63%) and 1.20–1.60, 50% (50%) at Pudong, Taihu, and Lin’an, respectively.The synchronized observation showed that the AOD at Pudong was larger than those at Dongtan by 0.03, 0.03, 0.04, 0.07, and 0.08 at wavelengths of 1020 nm, 870 nm, 670 nm, 500 nm and 440 nm, respectively. The synchronized observations at Pudong, Taihu and Lin’an showed that the three stations had high level AOD with means at 440 nm about 0.68, 0.73, and 0.78, respectively. The relationship between MODIS retrieved and ground-based measured AOD shows good agreement with R² ranging from 0.68 to 0.79 at Pudong, Taihu, Lin’an and Dongtan. The MODIS results were overestimated comparing the ground measurements at Pudong, Taihu, and Dongtan but exceptional at Lin’an.The analysis results between aerosol optical properties and wind measurement at Pudong showed that the wind speed from the east correlates with the lower observed AOD. The back trajectory analysis indicates that more than 50% airmasses were from the marine area at Pudong, while back trajectories distribution is relatively homogeneous at Lin’an.     

Planning for integrated solid waste management at the industrial park level: a case of Tianjin, China

Industrial parks play a significant role in the production and use of goods and services. The proper management of solid waste is a major challenge for industrial parks due to the large quantity of wastes and the variability of waste characteristics from these types of developments. Therefore, integrated solid waste management has become very crucial to the industrial park managers. Such an approach requires industrial park managers to assess the overall use of resources, and to seek waste reduction, reuse and recycling opportunities both at the individual company level and among different tenant companies. The adoption of this method can bring both economic and environmental benefits. This paper introduces the planning efforts of a real case in China. It first presents the basic information on Tianjin Economic Development Area (TEDA), and then introduces its current practices on solid waste management. The main focus of this paper is to describe how to plan an integrated solid waste management system at TEDA. Benefits and challenges are all identified and analyzed. The experiences and methods from this case study should be applied in other industrial parks so as to improve the overall eco-efficiency of the whole industrial park.     

Effects of ionic liquid [N4444] AOT on rice seedling growth cytomembrane damage and rhizobacteria resistance

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Ionic liquids (ILs) are solvents composed of ions, containing a large asymmetric cation with an anion. With increasing and widespread applications,...     

青藏铁路沿线（那曲-拉萨段）地热资源开发利用现状及存在的主要问题研究

通过对青藏铁路沿线（那曲-拉萨段）地热资源的调查,发现该段在直线距离不足240km,离铁路最远不超过55km的区域内,出露的地热显示区（点）近40处,目前开发利用的有5处,开发率不足13％,开发利用方向主要为洗浴和发电。通过对沿线地热能开发利用现状分析研究,得出沿线地热能开发利用中存在的主要问题有：（1）开发利用不合理;（2）综合利用率低;（3）环境地质问题严重;（4）深部地热资源勘探不足尤其是高温干热岩的勘探不足等问题。     

利用理化和生物指标评价濠河水体特征研究

通过对南通市老城区护城河濠河2008年-2012年水生生物监测结果与水质理化指标的综合分析表明,濠河由于定期从长江引水,水质稳中有升,总体以Ⅳ类为主,能满足其功能区水质需要。从生物多样性来看,浮游生物主要分布在“较丰富”级别,底栖生物由于水中沉沙、河道疏浚及历史污染等受多方面因素的影响,物种多样性较差,优势种明显;各指标在近几年都呈现不同程度的减少趋势,应引起重视。     

石油类污染物对土壤、地下水环境影响模拟分析

某油田利用千化池蒸发处理联合站排放的含油污水,部分干化池存在轻微渗漏,下渗的污水会对地下水产生污染。为掌握污染物在地下水中的迁移转化规律,建立含油废水的一维竖向迁移模型,并利用Hydrus-1D计算程序对地下水中污染物浓度随时间、运移距离衰减的情况进行模拟分析。分析结果对于控制干化池含油废水中石油类污染物对地下水环境的污染具有一定的参考价值。     

全自动甲基汞分析仪测定水源水中甲基汞实验研究

建立了全自动甲基汞分析仪测定水源水中甲基汞的方法,过程简单,可获得较理想的结果.实验采用直接法测定水源水中的甲基汞含量,优化仪器分析条件;在0 ～1 000 pg的范围内,标准工作曲线线性良好;仪器检测限达到0.003 ng/L,低于水源水中限量要求;实际水样加标回收率在86.5％ ～935％之间;标准样品分析合格;测定标准样品的相对误差为1.4％;运用适当的质控手段,可较好的满足水源水中痕量甲基汞的测定需求.     

基于状态空间法人文因素对大连市生态环境的影响研究

以大连市为研究区域,构建人文因素对区域生态系统影响的指标体系、评估模型及评估标准,基于状态空间法,从区域资源、区域环境、人文因素三个维度对大连市2002-2012期间47个指标,评价人文因素对生态环境的影响。结果表明：近十二年来,大连市人文因素对生态环境的影响综合指数几乎都在临界值以下,即处在影响适度范围内,总体上达到了可持续发展的要求,但是与青岛市相比,大连市还应该加强生态环境保护的力度,避免在以后的发展中受到环境的制约。     

微囊藻毒素产生过程中磷素行为与作用研究

通过培养实验考察了微囊藻生长过程中磷素的吸收利用情况,研究了可溶解性正磷酸盐对产毒微囊藻生长状况及几种不同磷形态在不同浓度下对微囊毒素产率的影响.结果表明,可溶性反应磷浓度的增加可以促进微囊藻生长,磷浓度为0.55mg.L-1更适宜微囊藻生长,不超过0.55 mg.L-1的磷对微囊藻产毒有促进作用,无磷时产毒率最低,而...