NP型复合纳滤膜对豆腐废水处理的应用

本文对ＮＰ型复合纳滤膜的分离性能进行了初步实验并在此基础上采用纳滤膜平板过滤装置对豆腐加工过程中产生的废水进行处理,以降低废水中的ＣＯＤ含量,实验结果表明,ＮＰ型复合纳滤膜对０．２％ＭｇＳＯ４溶液的截留率（Ｒ）高于９０％,相应秀量约为２０Ｌｍ＾－２．ｈ＾－１（０．４ＭＰａ）,豆腐废水ＣＯＤ的去除率大于９０％     

Adsorptive removal of naphthalene induced by structurally different Gemini surfactants in a soil-water system

A new generation of surfactant, Gemini surfactants, have been synthesized and have attracted the attention of various industrial and academic research groups. This study focused on the use of symmetric and dissymmetric quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactants to immobilize naphthalene onto soil particles, and is used as an example of an innovative application to remove HOC in situ using the surfactant-enhanced sorption zone. The sorption capacity of modified soils by Gemini surfactant and natural soils was compared and the naphthalene sorption efficiency, in the absence and presence of Gemini surfactants with different alkyl chain lengths, was investigated in the soil-water system. The results have shown that the increased added Gemini surfactant formed admicelles at the interface of soil/water having superior capability to retard contaminant. Symmetric and dissymmetric Gemini surfactants have opposite effect on the aspect of removing of PAH attributing to their solubilization and sorption behavior in soil-water system. Compared with the natural soil, sorption of naphthalene by Gemini-modified soil is noticeably enhanced following the order of C_12-2-16 < C_12-2-12 < C_12-2-8. However, the symmetric Gemini surfactant C_12-2-12 is the optimized one for in situ barrier remediation, which is not only has relative high retention ability but also low dosage.     

改进SBR工艺运行方式强化脱氮除磷的效果

由于传统序批式活性污泥法SBR处理工艺的局限性,当要求同时进行有机物、氮和磷的去除时,基本的运行方式虽在有机物的去除方面可达到较为满意的处理效果,但难以达到满意的脱氮除磷效果.通过对SBR法运行工况分析后提出了兼有脱氮功能、除磷功能及同时具备脱氮除磷功能的3种不同运行方式的改进流程,从而在不改变原有SBR反应池主体结构的基础上可满足不同尾水排放标准的要求.     

双层滤料颗粒床高温除尘器灰斗气固两相流场模拟分析

为了促进粉尘沉降,在双层滤料颗粒床高温除尘器灰斗处增加了一个抽气外循环并且在抽气口附近增设挡板,使用Fluent软件对除尘器的气固两相流场进行数值模拟,在抽气循环率为1/6情况下,分析不同挡板的布置方式时粉尘的沉降率。仿真结果表明:当挡板气流通道宽300 mm、高1 400 mm、层间距100 mm、层数6层时,可以大幅增加粉尘沉降率,与无挡板布置方式相比,粉尘粒径为1、25、50μm的沉降率分别增加了27.15%、28.9%、35.19%。通过分析可知,挡板气流通道宽度、挡板高度和挡板层数的变化对于100μm以下粒径的粉尘颗粒沉降效果影响较为明显。     

The dispersion,stability, and resuspension of C60 in environmental water matrices

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Environmental waters cover a range of water quality characteristics which could greatly affect the behavior and fate of C60 in the aquatic...     

中国城市污泥重金属区域分布特征及变化趋势

通过整理和统计国内外文献(2006—2013年)报道的中国城市污泥重金属含量,分析了近年来中国城市污泥重金属的区域分布特征和变化趋势.结果表明,城市污泥重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr和Ni含量分别为182.5、65.3、729.6、2.1、1.4、11.5、97.5和44.9 mg·kg-1,与《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)规定的中碱性土壤污泥农用污染物控制标准限值比较,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr和Ni的超标率分别为2.3%、0、5.9%、5.5%、2.9%、0、0和3.5%;与酸性土壤污泥农用污染物控制标准限值比较,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr和Ni的超标率分别为7.1%、1.3%、10.3%、27.4%、20.0%、0、1.6%和12.1%.不同区域城市污泥重金属含量存在一定差异,城市污泥Hg和As在北方地区含量较高,而Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr和Ni在南方地区含量较高.与2006年城市污泥重金属含量相比,本研究城市污泥重金属Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Cr和Ni含量均呈下降趋势,降幅分别为29.0%、16.5%、40.9%、9.0%、29.8%、41.8%、5.3%和23.6%.     

IFAS工艺强化处理石化废水效果的研究

采用IFAS工艺对某石化污水处理厂原有的A/O工艺进行强化处理,达到提标改造目的的同时研究不同运行条件对COD、氨氮和总氮处理效率的影响.结果表明:IFAS-A/O反应器A池最佳载体投配比为10％,O池为15％;最适好氧池DO、回流比和HRT分别为1～2.5 mg/L、150％～200％和12 h～18 h.在反应器连续运行30天及HRT减少17％的情况下,与同步运行污水处理厂处理效果相比较,出水COD基本相同,氨氮有一定降低,TN显著降低,满足了《辽宁省综合污水排放标准》(DB 21/1627-2008)中直接排放的水污染物最高允许排放浓度要求.     

论库区贫困与库区发展：以山东大中型水库区为例

水库区是水库水面与周边陆地的区域复合体。本文以山东大中型水库区为例，在调查研究的基础上，探讨了库区贫困的根源及库区脱贫的出路，并提出了库区发展的战略构想。     

Spatial distribution and pollution assessment of heavy metals in urban soils from southwest China

To identify the concentrations and sources of heavy metals, and to assess soil environmental quality, 63 soil samples were collected in Yibin City, Sichuan Province, China. Mean concentrations of As, Pb, Zn, and Cu were 10.55, 61.23, 138.88 and 56.35 mg/kg, respectively. As concentrations were comparable to background values, while Pb, Zn, and Cu concentrations were higher than their corresponding background values. Industrial areas exhibited the highest concentrations of As, Pb, Zn, and Cu, while the lowest concentrations occurred in parks. Statistical analysis was performed and two cluster groups of metals were identified with Pb, Zn, and Cu in one group and As in the other. Spatial distribution maps indicated that Pb, Zn, and Cu were mainly controlled by anthropogenic activities, whereas As could be mainly accounted for by soil parent materials. Pollution index values of As, Pb, Zn, and Cu varied in the range of 0.24-1.93, 0.66-7.24, 0.42-4.19, and 0.62-5.25, with mean values of 0.86, 1.98, 1.61, and 1.78, respectively. The integrated pollution index (IPI) values of these metals varied from 0.82 to 3.54, with a mean of 1.6 and more than 90% of soil samples were moderately or highly contaminated with heavy metals. The spatial distribution of IPI showed that newer urban areas displayed relatively lower heavy metal contamination in comparison with older urban areas.