水生维管束植物处理污水及其综合利用

文章通过大量实验数据及国内外水生维管束植物处理污水的发展状况,深入探讨水生维管束植物处理污水的净化机理及其影响因素,并对水生维管束植物处理污水资源化的综合利用进行了论述,从目前的研究成果来看,该方法是一种经济、有效、适合我国国情的污水处理方法。     

1995～2000年河西走廊土地利用变化研究

目前,人类面临的许多环境问题都与土地利用/覆被变化有关。利用1995和2000年两个时期的Landsat5的4、3、2(RGB)波段合成影像的解译结果,采用中国科学院资源环境数据库中的全国1∶100000土地资源利用分类系统,基于GIS软件平台ArcInfo7.1中文版对河西走廊近5年来的土地利用变化进行了研究。结果表明,近5年来,河西走廊发生了大规模的土地利用变化:①土地利用类型斑块数量和总边缘长度基本呈增加之势,表明研究区内景观的破碎程度增加;②土地利用结构变化表现出耕地、林地和建设用地有明显增加,水域、草地和未利用地都呈减少趋势,反映出区域城镇化进程的加快和生态环境恶化的趋势;③土地利用变化的区域差异明显,表现为地处河西走廊西段的酒(泉)嘉(峪关)地区以耕地、林地、水域和建设用地增加,未利用地和草地减少为主要变化特点,走廊中段的张掖市以耕地、林地和建设用地增加,草地、水域和未利用地减少为主要变化特点,走廊东段的武(威)金(昌)地区以耕地和建设用地增加,草地和水域减少为主要变化特点。     

关于对氨基二甲基苯胺光度法测定硫化物方法的探讨

本文通过大量的实验证明对氨基二甲基苯胺光度法测定水中硫化物的吹气时间可由原来的25min缩短到10min,与原方法进行对照,其精密度和准确度符合要求。从而得出结论：将吹气时间原方法的25min缩短到10min,既节省了时间,又不影响方法的精密度和准确度。     

大型水蚤生物检测系统对新农药速灭杀丁的毒性评价

速灭杀丁(Fenvalerate,Sumicidin 20％(?)C),又叫杀灭菊酯、戎酸氰醚酯、氰戎菊酯、S-5602。商品名叫来福灵,化学名称为a氰基-3-苯氧基苄基-2-(4-氯苯基)-3-甲基丁酸酯。化学结构式:     

Antibiotic and metal resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from Eboling permafrost of the Tibetan Plateau

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Whole-genome sequencing of pathogenic bacteria Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from a less polluted environment of permafrost can help understand the...     

宁夏电网GIS常见漏气故障及典型案例分析

根据近五年宁夏电网GIS常见漏气故障实例,总结各类常见漏气故障的原因。以红外检漏技术在GIS漏气中的应用为例,分析了精准查找并定量分析GIS漏气的方法,可为提升GIS设备漏气故障全过程管理提供建议。     

两起主变压器套管发热缺陷分析及处理

通过红外测温技术发现了两起宁夏电网主变压器套管发热缺陷,并对两起主变压器套管缺陷进行诊断分析,确认了缺陷原因,最后针对两类缺陷提出了生产、安装及运行巡视等环节的整改措施。     

Zr（OH）4沉淀物对铬鞣废水Cr3+的吸附实验

用Zr(OH)4模拟锆鞣废水中的沉淀物作为吸附剂处理低浓度铬鞣废水,考察了吸附时间、Zr(OH)4投加量、溶液pH值、盐离子(Na+、Ca2+)浓度等因素对Cr3+去除效果的影响,结果表明,在pH<4.5时,Cr3+的去除为吸附过程,当pH>4.5后,为沉淀和吸附混合过程;Cr3+在Zr(OH)4上的吸附过程可以用Freundlich模型进行模拟;Na+和Ca2+对铬的吸附有一定的抑制作用.实际锆鞣废水中的杂质成分与Cr3+产生竞争吸附,使去除率略有降低,最低去除率可达71.29%以上.     

DOW CORNING 1-2577 Conformal Coating as an efficient diffusion material for cathode in the microbial fuel cell

In this study, DOW CORNING 1-2577 Conformal Coating was proposed for the cathode diffusion layer of the microbial fuel cell (MFC). In MFCs, stainless steel mesh cathodes using DOW CORNING 1-2577 Conformal Coating/carbon as the diffusion layer and two poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/carbon diffusion layers and carbon cloth cathode with four poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) diffusion layers were constructed for comparison. Under the same operational condition, the MFCs with the DOW CORNING 1-2577 Conformal Coating/carbon diffusion layer produced the maximum power density of 1585±52 mW·m^-2, compared with those using poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) diffusion layers (1421±45 mW·m^-2) and poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)/carbon diffusion layers (1353±49 mW·m^-2). The DOW CORNING 1-2577 Conformal Coating could be an alternative for the diffusion layer construction in the MFC due to its remarkable performance and much simple construction procedure.     

Diversity and vertical distributions of sediment bacteria in an urban river contaminated by nutrients and heavy metals

The aim of this study was to investigate the benthic bacterial communities in different depths of an urban river sediment accumulated with high concentrations of nutrients and metals. Vertical distributions of bacterial operational taxonomic units （OTUs） and chemical para- meters （nutrients： NH4＋, NO3, dissolved organic carbon, and acid volatile sulfur; metals： Fe, Zn, and Cu） were characterized in 30 cm sediment cores. The bacterial OTUs were measured using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Biodiversity indexes and multivariate statistical analyses were used to characterize the spatial distributions of microbial diversity in response to the environmental parameters. Results showed that concentrations of the nutrients and metals in this river sediment were higher than those in similar studies. Furthermore, high microbial richness and diversity appeared in the sediment. The diversity did not vary obviously in the whole sediment profile. The change of the diversity indexes and the affiliations of the OTUs showed that the top layer had different bacterial community structure from deeper layers due to the hydrological disturbance and redox change in the surface sediment. The dominant bacterial OTUs ubiquitously existed in the deeper sediment layers （5-27 cm） corresponding to the distributions of the nutrients and metals. With much higher diversity than the dominant OTUs, the minor bacterial assemblages varied with depths, which might be affected by the sedimentation process and the environmental competition pressure.