Short-term prediction of the influent quantity time series of wastewater treatment plant based on a chaos neural network model

By predicting influent quantity, a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) can be well controlled. The nonlinear dynamic characteristic of WWTP influent quantity time series was analyzed, with the assumption that the series was predictable. Based on this, a short-term forecasting chaos neural network model of WWTP influent quantity was built by phase space reconstruction. Reasonable forecasting results were achieved using this method.     

The impact of particulates on the aqueous sonication of bromobenzene.

Sonodegradation of bromobenzene, bromophenolate ion, and 2,4,5-trichlorobiphenyl was studied in the presence of various types of solid particles suspended in water. Three particle diameters (10 nm, 15 microm, and 35 microm) and two particle types (silica particles and organic resin) were investigated over a range of particle concentrations (0.05-10 g l(-1)). The sonochemical decomposition rate constant for bromobenzene (k = 0.044 +/- 7.50 x 10(-4) min(-1) at 20 kHz) was not significantly impacted by very fine silica particles (10 nm). The presence of 15 microm silica decreased sonication rates slightly (<7%) even at a concentration of 10 g l(-1). Organic resin particles demonstrated a more significant impact, particularly at higher concentration and with very hydrophobic compounds. These findings are significant for the application of ultrasound to treatment streams containing solid particles.     

新型堆肥装置设计及其应用研究

根据城市生活垃圾的特点和性质,利用物料平衡和热力学原理进行好氧堆肥实验装置的设计,并对堆肥发酵仓容积的确定和配套辅助设备进行了研究,得出当堆肥装置直径小于225m时,需采取保温措施。通过强制通风静态仓式堆肥小试实验进行的城市生活垃圾堆肥结果表明,通过30℃及以上的水浴加热,可实现固体废物的堆肥化。     

中国燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫技术的发展前景

本文在综述我国燃煤中小型锅炉和电站锅炉烟气脱硫技术现状的基础上，分析了我国燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫技术的发展前景．分析结果指出：我国中小型燃煤锅炉烟气脱硫技术近期是以完善湿法脱硫技术为主，远期将大力发展干法脱硫技术；在电站锅炉烟气脱硫方面，规模较小的电站锅炉将以喷雾干燥法为主要发展方向，大型电站锅炉近期仍以湿式石灰石－石膏法为主，远期将大力发展电子束辐照氨法脱硫脱硝技术。     

环境风险评价研究进展

本文论述了环境风险评价研究的有关基本概念，以及主要研究内容的发展，指出了风险评价中存在的不足，并在比基础上提出了一些建议     

Influence of some additives to aluminium species distribution in aluminium coagulants

Aluminium ions hydrolyse and polymerise into different species in water. Main aluminium species in aluminium coagulant solutions are monomeric Al species (Al1) and polymeric Al species Al13O4(OH)24(7+) (Al13). The aluminium species distribution in coagulant solutions can be influenced by many parameters. This paper studies influences of concentrations of total aluminium species (Al(t)) and other species--OH-, polysilicic acid and ferric species, which were added in aluminium coagulant solutions, on the aluminium species distribution through 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. Results show that only Al1 and no Al13 exist in coagulant solutions at higher Al(t) concentrations (over 1 mol l(-1)), while both species exist at lower Al(t) concentrations (0.1 mol l(-1)). The increase of OH/Al value (molar ratio) increases the concentration of Al13 in coagulant solutions, while the addition of polysilicic acid and ferric species decreases the concentration of Al13.     

皮革含铬废水加碱处理研究

用加碱沉淀法处理制革铬鞣废水时 ,MgO CaO(1∶4 ,w∶w)取得较好的处理效果 ,其机理包括调节pH与混凝沉淀。铬鞣废水Cr3+ 和色度去除率大于 99% ,SS去除率大于 87% ,但COD去除率只有 4 7% ,主要依靠协同沉降。混合废水处理效果也很好 ,但铬泥沉降较差。有机杂质的存在较大地影响了Cr3+ 的去除 ,一定量的SS有利于铬泥的沉降。     

超声波预处理污泥研究进展

就近年来超声波技术在污泥预处理方面的研究成果进行了综述,介绍了超声波处理的机理、效果以及已取得的研究成果,并讨论了该技术存在的问题和今后的发展趋势,提出超声波预处理技术不但能解决城市污泥的处理问题,而且经济高效,具有重大社会、环境和经济效益.     

纤维素废弃物水热处理制H2的研究进展

水热处理为纤维素废弃物资源化应用开辟了一条新的途径，文中就水热处理技术的特点、水热条件下纤维素的降解过程进行了介绍，并着重综述了纤维素废弃物水热制H2方面的研究进展，同时对纤维素及其废弃物的水热处理和资源化研究前景进行了展望。     

森林降水化学的变化特征和机理

研究并比较了湖南酸雨区韶山小集水区林内降水的化学特征，结果表明，与大气降水相比，穿冠水和地表穿透水中的富集的离子浓度除了NO3^-和Na^ 外均明显增加，到达地表的降水离子增加倍数最高达34．3倍；离子总量最高倍数为8．1倍，乔木树冠层的离子富集作用大于灌木层。韶山的大气降水、穿冠水和地表穿透水的年均pH分别为4．61、5．54和5．85。持续大量的降水对森林上空的污染物有较高的清除效果。