Spatial and seasonal variations in bacterial communities of the Yellow Sea by T-RFLP analysis

Four typical coastal sites (rocky shore, sandy shore, mud flat shore, and artificial harbor) at the Yellow Sea were chosen to investigate the spatial and seasonal variations in bacterial communities. This was accomplished by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of PCR amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Two kinds of tetrameric restriction enzymes, HhaI and MspI, were used in the experiment to depict the bacterial community diversity in different marine environments. It was found that the community compositions digested by the two enzymes separately were different. However, the results of bacterial community diversity derived from them were similar. The MDA analysis results of T-RFLP profiles coming from HhaI and MspI both exhibited a significant seasonal community shift for bacteria and a relatively low spatial variation among the four locations. With HhaI as the sample, the pair wise T-tests also revealed that variations were minor between each pair of marine environments, with R ranging from 0.198 to 0.349. However, the bacterial community structure in the mud flat site depicted a larger difference than each of the other three sites (R ranging from 0.282 to 0.349).     

响应面法优化阴阳极同时作用电化学法处理染料废水

在自制电化学反应器中,以甲基橙模拟染料废水为处理对象,采用Box-Behnken Design响应面法研究了影响阴阳极同时作用电化学法处理染料废水的因素及其交互作用。实验得出各因素对废水脱色率影响的大小顺序为：电流密度> Fe³⁺浓度>Cl^-浓度。各因素之间的交互作用对废水脱色率影响的大小顺序为：电流密度和Fe³⁺浓度>电流密度和Cl^-浓度>Fe³⁺浓度和Cl^-浓度。优化结果表明：Fe³⁺浓度为1.02 mmol/L、Cl^-浓度为10.96 mmol/L、电流密度为11.52 mA/cm²时,最佳脱色率为94.67%。阴阳极同时作用电化学法对甲基橙去除效果显著。     

环境水中污染物亚硝酸根的现场快速测定研究

通过研制一种环境保护试纸从而能简便快速地现场半定量测定环境水中污染物亚硝酸根,便于野外水环境普查,应用它可使测定时间由标准法的3h左右短到5min,使分析成本大为降低。     

植物抗逆性研究进展

本文论述了逆境对植物各方面造成的伤害及植物产生的相应反应 ,重点对植物在生理生化上的变化、对抗性生理领域中的一些学说和最新研究结果作了介绍 ,并指出相生相克现象也可作为抗逆生理的一个方面加以研究 ,概念扩展后的抗逆生理学必将在农业、环保等方面得到更广泛的应用     

Overestimate of remediation efficiency due to residual sodium persulfate in PAHs contaminated soil and a solution

Oxidation remediation is a commonly used technology for PAHs contaminated soil presently,but the overestimate of efficiency due to ongoing remediation by residual oxidants during extraction and testing has not been paid enough attention.In this study,persulfate was activated by Fe（Ⅱ） to inve stigate the effects of residual oxidants on PAHs removal during detection process and the elimination effects of adding Na₂ SO₃ and extending sampling time on residual oxidants.Results ...     

利用废铁屑处理含铬废水试验研究

通过研究在酸性条件下利用废铁屑处理剧毒的六价铬电镀废水的工艺条件 ,在最佳条件下废水中六价铬去除率达99 %以上 ,出水总铬含量为0.040mg/l,六价铬含量为0.002mg/l,大大低于国家排放标准0.500mg/l。     

酸性废水处理试验研究

精细化工厂生产过程中排放酸性废水,盐化工厂产生碱性盐泥,可用之中和酸性废水。用两种方案确定反应比例关系。经过讨论建议选用方案二为实际应用方案。     

含油污泥处理方法探讨

概述了国家环保部门对含油污泥危害性及其监管工作的相关规定,分析了原油开采和加工过程中产生的含油污泥的组成,介绍了沉降浓缩和机械脱水等含油污泥预脱水技术的处理效果,阐述了浮渣焦化处理工艺、含油污泥热萃取处理技术和烟道气作为热源的剩余活性污泥干燥技术的工艺流程、处理效果及存在的问题.     

不同活性组分催化剂的氧化活性和热稳定性

采用流动法催化反应装置测定了蜂窝陶瓷负载催化剂同时催化氧化丙烷 ( C₃H₈)、丙烯 ( c₃H₆)和 CO的活性 ,考察活性组分 Pd和非贵金属氧化物、La改性、反应空速对起燃温度、热稳定性和动力学转化特征的影响 .结果显示 ,含 Pd催化剂上 C₃H₆和 CO的起燃温度比 C₃H₈低 ,1150℃高温老化对 C₃H₈氧化性能的影响比对 C₃H₆和 CO的小 .含稀土非贵金属氧化物的活性、热稳定性及动力学转化性能都比单 Pd催化剂低 ,添加 La能提高 2类催化剂的初活性和高温热稳定性 .     

医疗废物焚烧过程中脱氯机理和试验

医疗废物中包括含有大量的PVC,焚烧时会产生HCl从而污染环境,因此医疗废物在焚烧处理时需要进行脱氯。经热力学计算可知,医疗废物焚烧炉内喷入脱氯吸收剂在燃烧过程脱氯,效果最好的脱氯剂是Ca(OH)2、CaO、CaCO3、MgCO3、Mg(OH)2和MgO。在固定床上进行的医疗废物焚烧过程中脱氯试验结果表明:温度对脱氯有着重要的影响,最佳脱氯温度为800℃左右;吸收剂粒径越小,脱氯效率越高;随着Ca/Cl值的增大脱氯率增大,但增加的速度却趋于平缓,所得最佳Ca/Cl值为2.5~3。