广东土壤及其农业利用改良区域

综合论述广东土壤的形成、分类和利用改良分区;阐述了黄壤、红壤、赤红壤、砖红壤和水稻土等主要土类的性质及利用现状;分析了各个地带、各个地区的自然条件、土壤组合以及土壤利用改良的特点。针对这些特点,提出了广东今后土壤资源利用的具体措施。     

重庆临峰山森林公园生态风险评价与防止对策

重庆临峰山森林公园生态系统属于次生林系统，系统的抗害能力较弱。森林公园规划、开发和运营中存在着较为严峻的生态风险。为了保护森林资源，促进森林公园的可持续发展，分析、评价了其主要生态风险源——森林火灾和生态入侵及其危害，并提出了相应的防止对策。     

某公路边坡锚杆支护系统的安全评价

对某公路节理岩质边坡的安全稳定性进行分析,并提出支护措施。通过FLAC3D建立计算模型,采用强度折减法计算安全系数,得到边坡在未支护情况下的安全系数为0.67,处于不稳定状态。采用全长注浆锚杆进行支护。建立正交试验,以安全系数和工程造价为目标,以锚杆的长度和倾角为因素,得到6 m,2 m,20°的参数优化方案。计算表明,边坡支护后安全系数为1.29,处于稳定状态。同时,得到边坡在开挖扰动和锚杆支护情况下,各个部位的静态位移和动态位移响应,表明:锚杆支护有效地限制了位移的发展,有利于边坡稳定。     

论我国职业病诊断鉴定制度的缺陷及完善——兼评《职业病防治法修正案（草案）》的相关规定

我国现行职业病诊断鉴定法律制度存在较大缺陷,使得受害劳动者维权乏力,笔者在分析探讨职业病诊断鉴定制度所存相关问题的基础上,有针对性地提出改革完善的相应建议,同时对新出台的《职业病防治法修正案（草案）》的有关修订内容做出评议。     

盘式曝气器的结构优化设计

盘式曝气器是目前城市污水处理厂主要采用的曝气设备之一。但目前盘式曝气器存在充氧能力低、阻力损失大、使用寿命短等技术问题，增加了城市污水处理厂运行成本，降低了运行效能。针对这些问题，对盘式曝气器进行了结构优化设计。通过结构优化，既改善了曝气器的抗撕裂性和自闭性，同时叉提高了充氧能力，降低了曝气阻力损失。     

石油烃在水面上蒸发过程的研究

原油溢流到水体后对水体造成污染。研究油污的转化规律对于污染事故评价、污染治理方面有着非常重要的意义。通过对三种不同性质的原油进行的风化和蒸发实验 ,证明三种原油低组分具有很快的蒸发速度 ,4天时间就可蒸发掉90 %以上的原油 ,同时得出了不同原油的蒸发规律。     

物理化学法处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究进展

本文介绍了渗滤液的特性 ,指出物理化学法是渗滤液处理过程中不可缺少的环节。总结了物理化学法处理渗滤液的进展状况 ,并提出了物理化学法处理渗滤液存在的问题及未来发展趋势     

Greenhouse gas emissions from dairy open lot and manure stockpile in northern China: A case study

The open lots and manure stockpiles of dairy farm are major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in typical dairy cow housing and manure management system in China. GHG (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) emissions from the ground level of brick-paved open lots and uncovered manure stockpiles were estimated according to the field measurements of a typical dairy farm in Beijing by closed chambers in four consecutive seasons. Location variation and manure removal strategy impacts were assessed on GHG emissions from the open lots. Estimated CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions from the ground level of the open lots were 137.5±64.7 kg hd^-1 yr^-1, 0.45±0.21 kg hd^-1 yr^-1 and 0.13±0.08 kg hd^-1 yr^-1, respectively. There were remarkable location variations of GHG emissions from different zones (cubicle zone vs. aisle zone) of the open lot. However, the emissions from the whole open lot were less affected by the locations. After manure removal, lower CH₄ but higher N₂O emitted from the open lot. Estimated CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions from stockpile with a stacking height of 55±12 cm were 858.9±375.8 kg hd^-1 yr^-1, 8.5±5.4 kg hd^-1 yr^-1 and 2.3±1.1 kg hd^-1 yr^-1, respectively. In situ storage duration, which estimated by manure volatile solid contents (VS), would affect GHG emissions from stockpiles. Much higher N₂O was emitted from stockpiles in summer due to longer manure storage.

Implications: This study deals with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from open lots and stockpiles. It’s an increasing area of concern in some livestock producing countries. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology is commonly used for estimation of national GHG emission inventories. There is a shortage of on-farm information to evaluate the accuracy of these equations and default emission factors. This work provides valuable information for improving accounting practices within China or for similar manure management practice in other countries.     

安徽省农村安全民居调查

2004年6月底,我们在安徽宿州市地震局灾防科同志的陪同下,前往宿州市灵壁县灵光村进行农村民居抗震设防工作调研。