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251.
以韶山蔡家塘森林小流域2001年实地监测的大气降水、穿透水和地表水数据为基础,对酸沉降作用下韶山森林N的输入、输出的月均通量及变化特征进行了研究.结果表明:2001年N输入通量为53.81 kg/hm2,主要以NH4+ 形式(占总输入的64%)输入该森林生态系统;2001年N输出通量为3.57 kg/hm2,主要以NO3-形式(占总输出的64%)输出该森林生态系统.韶山森林2001年N净滞留量达到50.24 kg/hm2.月均输出通量极大值出现在降雨量较多的5-7月,其N输出通量占全年N总输出通量的59%.从N的总输入通量、总输出通量的变化来看,N输出并不随输入的增加而增加,N的输出主要受到降水量的影响. 相似文献
252.
模糊故障树分析及其应用研究 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14
基于某些实际情况下系统故障发生概率具有模糊性和不确定性的特点 ,笔者将模糊集理论引入故障树分析并针对自动化立体仓库的故障特征 ,对立体仓库各个环节发生故障时所遇到的各种模糊信息进行了科学的、定量的处理。实例证明 ,该方法是行之有效的 ;它能解决传统故障树分析不能处理同时存在随机不确定性和模糊不确定性的故障事件的问题 相似文献
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254.
Qiaohong Sun Dongxian Kong Chiyuan Miao Qingyun Duan Tiantian Yang Aizhong Ye Zhenhua Di Wei Gong 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(9):5663-5679
Climate change has impacts on both natural and human systems. Accurate information regarding variations in precipitation and temperature is essential for identifying and understanding these potential impacts. This research applied Mann–Kendall, rescaled range analysis and wave transform methods to analyze the trends and periodic properties of global and regional surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation (PR) over the period of 1948 to 2010. The results show that 65.34 % of the area studied exhibits significant warming trends (p?<?0.05) while only 3.18 % of the area exhibits significant cooling trends. The greatest warming trends are observed in Antarctica (0.32 °C per decade) and Middle Africa (0.21 °C per decade). Notably, 62.26 % of the area became wetter, while 22.01 % of the area shows drying trends. Northern Europe shows the largest precipitation increase, 12.49 mm per decade. Western Africa shows the fastest drying, ?21.05 mm per decade. The rescaled range analysis reveals large areas that show persistent warming trends; this behavior in SAT is more obvious than that in PR. Wave transform results show that a 1-year period of SAT variation dominates in all regions, while inconsistent 0.5-year bands are observed in East Asia, Middle Africa, and Southeast Asia. In PR, significant power in the wavelet power spectrum at a 1-year period was observed in 17 regions, i.e., in all regions studied except Western Europe, where precipitation is instead characterized by 0.5-year and 0.25-year periods. Overall, the variations in SAT and PR can be consistent with the combined impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors, such as atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, the internal variability of climate system, and volcanic eruptions. 相似文献
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256.
水环境健康风险评价就是把水环境污染与人体健康定量联系起来的一种新的评价方法。应用美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对上海某地区4个主要饮用水源地经饮水途径所致的健康风险进行评价。结果显示,2007年至2011年,化学致癌物所致的健康风险远大于非致癌污染物,主要风险因子为化学致癌物中的六价铬,应将其作为首要的环境健康风险管理控制指标。 相似文献
257.
Gong Mengqi Zhen Shiqi Liu Haiyun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(22):27942-27953
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study examines the relationship between FDI and CO2 emissions in a nonlinear framework using data from countries along the “One Belt, One... 相似文献
258.
Yongxin Zhang Xuecheng Wu Yanping Yang Yue Gong Zhiwen Deng Ying Wang Weihong Wu Chenghang Zheng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,123(1):446-459
Industrial development is an essential foundation of the national economy, but the industry is also the largest source of air pollution, of which power plants, iron and steel, building materials, and other industries emit large amounts of pollutants. Therefore, the Chinese government has promulgated a series of stringent emission regulations, and it is against this backdrop that research into air pollution control technologies for key industrial sectors is in full swing. In particular, during the 13th Five-Year Plan, breakthroughs have been made in pollution control technology for key industrial sectors. A multi-pollutant treatment technology system of desulfurization, denitrification, and dust collection, which applies to key industries such as power plants, steel, and building materials, has been developed. High-performance materials for the treatment of different pollutants, such as denitrification catalysts and desulfurization absorbers, were developed. At the same time, multi-pollutant synergistic removal technologies for flue gas in various industries have also become a hot research topic, with important breakthroughs in the synergistic removal of NOx, SOx, and Hg. Due to the increasingly stringent emission standards and regulations in China, there is still a need to work on the development of multi-pollutant synergistic technologies and further research and development of synergistic abatement technologies for CO2 to meet the requirements of ultra-low emissions in industrial sectors. 相似文献
259.
Rat calvarial osteoblasts were treated with lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) to explore its effect on the mineral crystalline phase during the process of osteoblast calcification in vitro. The results confirmed that La was readily deposited in the mineral component of the matrix. Employing high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy techniques, we demonstrated that features comparable to dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) and octacalcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite (HAP) were detected in the mineral phases in vitro. Particularly, LaCl3 treatment retarded conversion from DCPD-like phase into HAP during mineralization. In addition, La was introduced in DCPD powder during wet chemical synthesis. When compared with that of La-free DCPD, the dissolution rate of La-incorporated DCPD was lower, thereby leading to a delayed DCPD-to-HAP phase transformation. Thus, it can be concluded that LaCl3 treatment influences the kinetics of inorganic phase transition by decreasing the dissolution rate of DCPD. 相似文献
260.
针对地震预警活动进行全面规范的法律规范制定工作,主要涉及制定相应的部门规章和地方政府规章。简要概括了制定地震预警管理法律规范的意义以及实践。从分析地震预警法律规范制定权的依据入手,在分析部门规章与地方政府规章关系的基础上,详细阐述了制定地震预警部门规章和地方政府规章的区别。主要体现在制定主体和程序,立法依据,立法目的的实现方式和制定的具体内容等方面。最后指出了制定地震预警部门规章和地方政府规章过程中应注意的问题。随着地震预警系统建设的进行,可以为政府相关部门制定地震预警相关法律规范提供参考。 相似文献