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371.
许多具有氧化作用的空气污染物,均能使细胞产生氧化损伤,使胸腺基质淋巴生成素(thymic stromal lymphopoietin,TSLP)含量上升。而TSLP是一种启动过敏性炎症的重要因子,会导致哮喘等疾病发生率的上升。在本研究中用过氧化氢(H_2O_2)模拟具有氧化作用的空气污染物进行染毒,研究细胞氧化应激水平的变化,并讨论还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)对细胞受氧化损伤的保护作用。将大鼠支气管上皮细胞(RTE)分组培养,每组设置6个平行实验,分别用低、中、高剂量H_2O_2染毒3 h;高剂量设置1个重复,作为保护组,在染毒前用GSH保护2 h。结果显示,高剂量组H_2O_2(3.2 mmol·L~(~(-1)))染毒的细胞,其细胞活力下降(P0.01),丙二醛(MDA)水平上升(P0.01),TSLP水平上升(P0.05),与之相比,用GSH保护后的同剂量染毒组,上述指标得到全面缓解(P0.01)。这表明高浓度的H_2O_2会损伤细胞活力,并使MDA及TSLP水平上升,而GSH对TSLP及MDA的升高有极显著的抑制作用,即对细胞有一定的保护作用。 相似文献
372.
组织特异性启动子能够驱动基因在特定的时期和部位表达,克服组成型启动子启动的外源基因在受体植物中非特异、持续、高效表达所造成的浪费,是基因工程技术最重要元件之一.本研究利用PCR技术从水稻基因组中克隆了幼穗分化特异表达基因RFL翻译起始位点上游2 001 bp的启动子序列,命名为pRFL.生物信息分析显示,该片段含有36个转录起始核心启动子元件TATA-box和多个启动子增强子区顺式作用元件CAAT-box,以及多个光反应调控元件和植物激素响应元件等.将其与GUS基因构建成植物表达载体,导入水稻"日本晴",组织化学染色法检测显示,转基因水稻植株叶片、茎均无GUS显色,花序及发育中的小花有较强表达;荧光定量PCR测定幼穗GUS基因转录活性,显示pRFL驱动的GUS基因表达量比actin启动子驱动的GUS基因表达量高2.9倍.上述结果初步证明了pRFL为幼穗分化特异性启动子. 相似文献
373.
Li Hui Lu Jun Li Qu-Sheng He Bao-Yan Mei Xiu-Qin Yu Dan-Ping Xu Zhi-Min Guo Shi-Hong Chen Hui-Jun 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2016,38(1):99-110
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Leaching experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of desalination levels and sediment depths on potential bioavailability of heavy metal (Cd,... 相似文献
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Shams Ali Baig Zimo Lou Muzaffar Ali Baig Muhammad Qasim Dilawar Farhan Shams Qaisar Mahmood Xinhua Xu 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2017,189(4):194
Corrosion deposits formed within drinking water distribution systems deteriorate drinking water quality and resultantly cause public health consequences. In the present study, an attempt was made to investigate the concurrent conditions of corrosion scales and the drinking water quality in selected water supply schemes (WSS) in districts Chitral, Peshawar, and Abbottabad, northern Pakistan. Characterization analyses of the corrosion by-products revealed the presence of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe3O4, and SiO2 as major constituents with different proportions. The constituents of all the representative XRD peaks of Peshawar WSS were found insignificant as compared to other WSS, and the reason could be the variation of source water quality. Well-crystallized particles in SEM images indicated the formation of dense oxide layer on corrosion by-products. A wider asymmetric vibration peak of SiO2 appeared only in Chitral and Abbottabad WSS, which demonstrated higher siltation in the water source. One-way ANOVA analysis showed significant variations in pH, turbidity, TDS, K, Mg, PO4, Cl, and SO4 values, which revealed that these parameters differently contributed to the source water quality. Findings from this study suggested the implementation of proper corrosion prevention measures and the establishment of international collaboration for best corrosion practices, expertise, and developing standards. 相似文献
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Xu Li Zimeng Liu Qing Xu Zhongyi Jiang Guoliang Ma 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2017,22(3):243-255
In this paper, we construct a multi-stage coordinated programming model under tax system to control SO2 emission. The model is based on an explicitly formulated SO2 abatement cost function created under Chinese condition. Analysis of the effectiveness and impact on the economy of the model is carried out with consideration of game theory. By solving the model, theoretical results show that the volume-based multi-stage SO2 tax system has two properties: effectiveness and equal-rate. Based on these theoretical results, empirical study is also performed using Chinese historical data. Compared with yearly single-stage programming model, the tax rate generated by the coordinated multi-stage programming model is time-invariant and rather moderate in scale. The total abatement cost among planning years in our model is 21.03 % less than the actual number and 6.68 % less than that in the single-stage situation. The tax payment suggested by our model is 10.62 % less than by the single-stage model. In general, a coordinated multi-stage programming model helps reduce the overall costs of environmental protection while achieving the same emission control target with less burden added to the economy. 相似文献
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