Plant uptake of aldicarb from contaminated soil and its enhanced degradation in the rhizosphere

Experiments were conducted to investigate the degradation of aldicarb, an oxime carbamate insecticide, in sterile, non-sterile and plant-grown soils, and the capability of different plant species to accumulate the pesticide. The degradation of aldicarb in soil followed first-order kinetics. Half lives (t1/2) of aldicarb in sterile and non-sterile soil were 12.0 and 2.7 days, respectively, which indicated that microorganisms played an important part in the degradation of aldicarb in soil. Aldicarb disappeared more quickly (p< or =0.05) in the soil with the presence of plants, and t1/2 of the pesticide were 1.6, 1.4 and 1.7 days in the soil grown with corn, mung bean and cowpea, respectively. Comparison of plant-promoted degradation and plant uptake showed that the enhanced removal of aldicarb in plant-grown soil was mainly due to plant-promoted degradation in the rhizosphere.     

含油固体废弃物综合利用技术的研究

就油田含油固体废弃物的存放及其对周边环境存在的潜在隐患 ,全面分析了该废弃物的组成与成分 ,并介绍了几种可用于石油污染土壤治理技术的方法特点 ,尤其是针对这种固体含量和油分含量皆较高的含油固体废弃物 ,开展了综合利用治理技术方面的试验 ,以固体废弃物细粉作为制砖助燃配料成分 ,考查了砖块质量与细粉掺入量及其他因素之间的关系 ,取得了较好的效果     

富营养化湖泊底泥污染控制技术评估

回顾了我国在富营养化湖泊底泥污染控制技术方面的研究进展,并从富营养化湖泊底泥污染控制技术的运用效果、环境影响、社会影响、经济性、适用性以及与其他技术的相关性等六个方面,全面评估了破坏分层、人工曝气、化学增氧、底泥疏浚和底泥封闭等五类技术.     

制氧机组噪声综合治理技术

冶金行业制氧机组噪声呈中低频特性，其声源诊断甚为困难，本文以河北省某钢铁集团公司为例，对制氧机组噪声及振动机理和特性进行了探讨。     

废旧镍-镉电池中镍镉的回收方法

废旧镍－镉电池中镍和镉的回收主要有火法冶金和湿法冶金两种处理方法，本文对目前研究状况进行了综述。     

染整废水处理工程设计

采用“生物接触氧化 +混凝气浮 +生物炭”工艺处理染整废水 ,COD去除率可达到 90 %以上 ,工程实践表明 ,该工艺处理效果好 ,运行稳定 ,投资省 ,处理后出水可达标排放     

添加剂升温烧蚀法在制备新型介孔水环境净化材料中的应用

首次探索了一种破坏式造孔与有机复合相结合的新方法以制备介孔复合水环境净化材料,使最终产品成为一种具有广谱孔结构分布的复合环境材料。详细介绍了该方法的第二步工艺即添加剂升温烧蚀法,在优化后的最佳条件下,产品的孔径得到了进一步扩大,其中部分孔道直径可达至介孔级,同时材料的表面得到了进一步活化。经此步工艺后,所制备的中间产品染料吸附量是原材料的194倍,是酸洗刻蚀后产品的122倍;24h吸湿率是原材料的38倍,是酸洗刻蚀后产品的19倍。     

炭素焙烧炉沥青烟净化处理

采用干式静电除尘技术,对炭素焙烧炉排放的含有烟尘、沥青烟的工业废气进行处理,达到既能高效净化有害气体,又能降低资金投入。处理后的各项指标为:烟尘排放浓度=20.0mg/m3,沥青烟排放浓度=14.2mg/m3,苯并(a)芘排放浓度=0.054×10-3mg/m3,所有污染物均达到排放标准。     

Methane fluxes from tundra soils and snowpack in the maritime Antarctic

Methane fluxes were measured from three exposed tundra sites and four snowpack sites on the Fildes Peninsula in the maritime Antarctic in the summertime of 2002. The average fluxes at two normal tundra sites were −15.3 μg m⁻² h⁻¹ and −14.3 μg m⁻² h⁻¹, respectively. The fluxes from tundra site with fresh penguin dropping addition showed positive values with the average of 36.1 μg m⁻² h⁻¹, suggesting that the deposition of fresh droppings greatly enhanced CH₄ emissions from the poor Antarctic tundra during penguin breeding periods. The summertime variation in CH₄ flux was correlated with surface ground temperature and the precipitation. The correlation between the flux and PT₀, which is the product of the precipitation and surface ground temperature, was quite strong. The diurnal cycle of CH₄ flux from the tundra soils was not obtained due to local fluky weather conditions. The fluxes through four snowpack sites were also obtained by the vertical CH₄ concentration gradient and their average fluxes were −46.5 μg m⁻² h⁻¹, −28.2 μg m⁻² h⁻¹, −46.4 μg m⁻² h⁻¹ and −17.9 μg m⁻² h⁻¹, respectively, indicating that tundra soils under snowpack also consume atmospheric CH₄ in the maritime Antarctic; therefore these fluxes could constitute an important part of the annual CH₄ budget for Antarctic tundra ecosystem.     

宁波-舟山海域入海污染物环境容量研究

在宁波-舟山海域数值模拟潮流场的基础上,建立了该海域各污染源的响应系数场,计算了主要污染源COD、无机氮和活性磷酸盐的分担率场,及各污染源和控制单元的环境容量.研究结果将为该海域入海污染物总量控制提供科学依据.