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41.
An E. coli SOS-EGFP biosensor which expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein as a reporter protein under the control of recA gene promoter in SOS response was constructed for detection of DNA damage and evaluation of DNA damaging chemicals. The chemicals that may cause substantial DNA damage will trigger SOS response in the constructed bacterial biosensor, and then the reporter egfp gene under the control of recA promoter is stimulated to express as a fluorescent protein, allowing fast and sensitive fluorescence detection. Interestingly, this biosensor can be simultaneously applied for evaluation of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. The SOS-EGFP bacterial biosensor provides a sensitive, specific and simple method for detecting known and potential DNA damaging chemicals. 相似文献
42.
Abstract The current pressure on production resources of North China Plain, such as land and water to feed the growing population, necessitates the assessment of the sustainability of farming practices. This study focuses on the sustainability of farming practices related to groundwater and soil fertility management. The assessment is based on selected site-specific key indicators and their established threshold limits. The current farming practices in the study area are clearly unsustainable. Only about 6% of the surveyed farm households practice sustainable farming. The study stresses that farming practice, which is economically sustainable, should not be promoted at the cost of environment. Holistic strategies need to be developed and implemented that aim at balanced use of inputs, which satisfy both productivity and environmental concerns. 相似文献
44.
Wang Yu Wu Yue Cong Hailin Wang Song Shen Youqing Yu Bing 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(1):385-400
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Adsorption is a common method to treat organic dye pollution in industrial wastewater. Selective adsorption and reuse can greatly reduce the waste of... 相似文献
45.
Haijun Sun Hailin Zhang Zhimin Yu Jiasen Wu Peikun Jiang Xiaoyan Yuan Weiming Shi 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2013,35(6):801-809
Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used effectively to remove nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from non-point sources. Effluents of some CWs were, however, still with high N and P concentrations and remained to be pollution sources. Widely distributed paddy fields can be exploited to alleviate this concern. We were the first to investigate a combination system of three-level CWs with wetland paddy fields in a full scale to remove N and P from rural unregulated non-point sources. The removal efficiencies (REs) of CWs reached 57.3 % (37.4–75.1 %) for N and 76.3 % (62.0–98.4 %) for P. The CWs retained about 1,278 kg N ha?1 year?1 and 121 kg P ha?1 year?1. There was a notable seasonal change in REs of N and P, and the REs were different in different processing components of CWs. The removal rates of wetland paddy fields adopt “zero-drainage” water management according to local rainfall forecast and physiological water demand of crop growth reached 93.2 kg N ha?1 year?1 and 5.4 kg P ha?1 year?1. The rice season had higher potential in removing N and P than that in the wheat season. The whole combined system (0.56 ha CWs and 5.5 ha wetland paddy fields) removed 1,790 kg N year?1 and 151 kg P year?1, which were higher than those from CWs functioned alone. However, another 4.7-ha paddy fields were needed to fully remove the N and P in the effluents of CWs. The combination of CWs and paddy fields proved to be a more efficient nutrient removal system. 相似文献
46.
测定了广东省9个水库4株铜绿微囊藻Microcystis aeruginosa、5株水华微囊藻M.flos-aquae和4株未定种微囊藻rpoC1基因部分序列,结合GenBank下载的日本5个水体11株铜绿微囊藻、5株绿色微囊藻M.viridis和5株惠氏微囊藻M.wesenbergii间源序列,进行序列分析.结果显示,34株微囊藻存在21种基因型,序列相似性达97.6%~100%.在邻接树上不同形态种和不同地理来源的藻株混杂在一起,没有形成明显的谱系结构和地理结构:同一形态种藻株可能具有不同的基因型,而相同基因型的藻株可能是不同的形态种;从同一水体中分离的微囊藻具有不同的形态种和不同的基因型,而不同水体分离的微囊藻有时又具有相同基因型,表明rpoC1基因序列无法区分形态种和地理株,支持Kondo和Otsuka提出的暂将铜绿微囊藻、水华微囊藻、惠氏微囊藻和绿色微囊藻等归为铜绿微囊藻复合种的分类处理. 相似文献
47.
农业可持续发展状态评价指标(体系)框架及其分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
周海林 《生态与农村环境学报》1999,(3)
通过对农业活动、农业政策与农业环境变化关系的研究,提出了反映农业可持续发展状态的指标结构以及面向农业决策的状态指标分析框架,建议采用“离差法”来评价农业系统的可持续发展状态,其评价结果可以用来判断和制定正确的农业政策;同时还论述了状态评价的具体方法、步骤及评价标准 相似文献
48.
49.
Nigel N. Clark Derek R. Johnson David L. McKain W. Scott Wayne Hailin Li Joseph Rudek 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2017,67(12):1328-1341
Today’s heavy-duty natural gas–fueled fleet is estimated to represent less than 2% of the total fleet. However, over the next couple of decades, predictions are that the percentage could grow to represent as much as 50%. Although fueling switching to natural gas could provide a climate benefit relative to diesel fuel, the potential for emissions of methane (a potent greenhouse gas) from natural gas–fueled vehicles has been identified as a concern. Since today’s heavy-duty natural gas–fueled fleet penetration is low, today’s total fleet-wide emissions will be also be low regardless of per vehicle emissions. However, predicted growth could result in a significant quantity of methane emissions. To evaluate this potential and identify effective options for minimizing emissions, future growth scenarios of heavy-duty natural gas–fueled vehicles, and compressed natural gas and liquefied natural gas fueling stations that serve them, have been developed for 2035, when the populations could be significant. The scenarios rely on the most recent measurement campaign of the latest manufactured technology, equipment, and vehicles reported in a companion paper as well as projections of technology and practice advances. These “pump-to-wheels”(PTW) projections do not include methane emissions outside of the bounds of the vehicles and fuel stations themselves and should not be confused with a complete wells-to-wheels analysis. Stasis, high, medium, and low scenario PTW emissions projections for 2035 were 1.32%, 0.67%, 0.33%, and 0.15% of the fuel used. The scenarios highlight that a large emissions reductions could be realized with closed crankcase operation, improved best practices, and implementation of vent mitigation technologies. Recognition of the potential pathways for emissions reductions could further enhance the heavy-duty transportation sectors ability to reduce carbon emissions.
Implications: Newly collected pump-to-wheels methane emissions data for current natural gas technologies were combined with future market growth scenarios, estimated technology advancements, and best practices to examine the climate benefit of future fuel switching. The analysis indicates the necessary targets of efficiency, methane emissions, market penetration, and best practices necessary to enable a pathway for natural gas to reduce the carbon intensity of the heavy-duty transportation sector. 相似文献
50.