Prenatal diagnosis of a familial complex chromosomal rearrangement involving chromosomes 5, 10, 16 and 18

We report one case of a familial complex chromosomal rearrangement (CCR) involving four different chromosomes 5, 10, 16 and 18. The CCR was detected prenatally at 20 weeks' gestation because of advanced maternal age and history of recurrent miscarriages. Cytogenetic analysis of cultured amniotic fluid cells with GTG banding showed a 46,XX,t(5;16;10;18)(q13;q22;q11.2;q21) karyotype. Parental cytogenetic study revealed that the mother has the same CCR. RBG banding, high-resolution banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to characterize further and confirm the conventional banding data. No physical abnormalities were shown in the targeted fetal ultrasonography examination. The parents decided to continue the pregnancy. The child is now 2 years old and has neither congenital anomalies nor evidence of delayed psychomotor development. The fetal targeted ultrasound and FISH analysis helped us reassure fetal status. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

盘式曝气器的结构优化设计

盘式曝气器是目前城市污水处理厂主要采用的曝气设备之一。但目前盘式曝气器存在充氧能力低、阻力损失大、使用寿命短等技术问题，增加了城市污水处理厂运行成本，降低了运行效能。针对这些问题，对盘式曝气器进行了结构优化设计。通过结构优化，既改善了曝气器的抗撕裂性和自闭性，同时叉提高了充氧能力，降低了曝气阻力损失。     

模糊物元法综合评价福州市大气环境质量

大气环境质量的综合评价是城市环境质量考核的重要内容,鉴于大气环境质量评价中客观存在的不确定性和模糊性,将熵值理论与模糊物元分析法相结合应用于大气环境质量综合评价中,可有效解决这种不确定性和模糊性。应用该模型对福州市的大气环境质量进行综合评价,将评价结果与属性识别理论模型的评价结果相比较,二者基本吻合,结果证明该方法可行。     

安徽省湖库型饮用水水源地水质评价研究

随着水资源日益紧缺以及水源污染情况的不断加剧,饮用水水源地的水质问题越来越受到社会的关注。运用单因子标准指数法以及卡尔森指数方法时安徽省境内31个县级以上的湖库型饮用水水泺地的水质状况以及湖泊富营养化程度进行了综合评价,并提出相应的防护措施。评价结果表明,全省湖库型饮用水水源地水质迭标个数为27个,达标率为87％。     

Diurnal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with PM2:5 in Shanghai, China

Forty-eight daily time interval PM2:5 samples were collected from December 2006 to January 2008 in an urban site in Shanghai, China. Concentrations and compositions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed with GC-MS to study the diurnal and seasonal variations and to identify the main emitting sources. The diurnal variation of the PAHs concentrations was greater in the late autumn and winter sampling days, and was greatly influenced by meteorological conditions such as wind speed and ambient temperature. The concentration of PAHs in the mornings (6:30–10:00) increased distinctly, and was high in the late autumn and winter sampling days, indicating the contribution from vehicle emissions during rush hours. The diurnal variation of the high molecular weight PAHs did not seem to be controlled by the shift of gas-particle partitioning due to temperature variation, instead, it could be indicative of the variation in the source. Statistical analyses showed that the concentrations of PAHs were negatively correlated with temperature and wind speed, and positively correlated with relative humidity. Diagnostic ratios of PAHs suggested mixed emission sources of petroleum and coal/biomass combustion for PAHs in the PM2:5 in Shanghai.     

Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system for classification of water quality status

An adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system was used for classifying water quality status of river. It applied several physical and inorganic chemical indicators including dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, and ammonia-nitrogen. A data set (nine weeks, total 845 observations) was collected from 100 monitoring stations in all major river basins in China and used for training and validating the model. Up to 89.59% of the data could be correctly classified using this model. Such performance was more competitive when compared with artificial neural networks. It is applicable in evaluation and classification of water quality status.     

谈规划环评中环境背景分析和影响预测的时间跨度

根据规划环境影响评价的理论和规划环境影响评价实践中得到的启示,在充分认识规划环境影响评价不仅具有空间范围,还具有时间跨度特点的基础上,探讨规划环境影响评价中考虑时间跨度的必要性,以及环境背景分析和环境影响预测中考虑时间跨度的评价和预测思路。     

防治海水入侵的地下水人工调蓄研究——以辽宁六股河地段为例

随着城市的发展,大量抽取地下水,海水入侵灾害已成为制约沿海地区社会经济可持续发展的突出因素.论文以六股河地段为例,针对海水入侵灾害现状,建立了地下水流数值模拟模型,探讨通过地下水人工调蓄来防治海水入侵灾害的途径.     

Insect mandibles—comparative mechanical properties and links with metal incorporation

A number of arthropod taxa contain metals in their mandibles (jaws), such as zinc, manganese, iron, and calcium. The occurrence of zinc and its co-located halogen chlorine have been studied in relation to the mechanical properties and shown to be linked in a direct fashion with increasing concentration. Hardness along with elastic modulus (stiffness) has also been linked to zinc and halogen concentration in some marine polychaete worms. The metal appears to be incorporated within the biological matrix, possibly bonding with proteins. However, the comparative advantage of metal inclusion has not been tested. It is possible that without metals, alternative mechanisms are used to achieve hardness of equal value in similar 'tools' such as mandibles. This question has direct bearing on the significance of metal hardening. In the present article, we compare across mandibles from six termite species, including samples with major zinc concentration, minor manganese, and no metals. Nanoindentation, electron microscopy, and electron microanalysis are used to assess metal concentration, form, and mechanical properties. The data demonstrate that termite mandibles lacking metals when fully developed have lower values for hardness and elastic modulus. Zinc is linked to a relative 20% increase in hardness when compared with mandibles devoid of metals. The similar transition metal, manganese, found in minor concentrations, is not linked to any significant increase in these mechanical properties. This raises the question of the function of manganese, which is as commonly found in insect mandibles as zinc and often located in the same mandibles.