利用多孔陶珠固定化微生物细胞处理印染废水的研究

用自制多孔陶珠载体固定脱色混合菌,在不同pH、温度、增补营养浓度、固定化细胞与废水比率等条件对印染废水的脱色进行了试验.在最适条件下进行填充柱式反应器作扩大处理印染废水,脱色效果良好.     

微生物还原浸出法回收废旧电池粉末中的金属锰

驯化培养K1、K2、K3 3株锰还原异养微生物,使微生物耐受电池重金属离子的能力提高.通过微生物的还原作用将二氧化锰还原成二价锰离子回收利用.微生物利用MnO2作为代谢呼吸链最终电子受体,传递氧化有机物产生的电子,还原溶浸锰于介质中.与其他菌株相比,K1菌株表现出很强的金属耐受性,最终浸出率可达93%.     

Comparative study on pyrolysis of bamboo in microwave pyrolysis-reforming reaction by binary compound impregnation and chemical liquid deposition modified HZSM-5

The deactivation of catalyst is a significant reason for its limited application during the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) process. To reduce the coke formation, binary compound impregnation (BCI) and chemical liquid deposition (CLD) were used to modify HZSM-5 catalysts. At the same time, the self-designed microwave reactor separated the pyrolysis of bamboo and catalytic upgrading of primary vapor, which made the catalytic effect more thorough. Experimental results indicated that CLD used TiO₂ deposition to cover external acid sites, while BCI by phosphorus-nickel could cover and partly destroy superficial acid sites through two different ways. Within the scope of the loaded amount studied, the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil phase increased at first and then decreased, while the coke formation reduced continuously. BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene), the most valuable product in bio-oil, drastically increased by 39.1% and 22.6% respectively over the CLD and BCI modified catalysts. Considering the catalytic performance as well as cost, CLD over HZSM-5 has more advantages in the CFP process to upgrade bio-oil.     

A novel humidity regulating material hydrothermally synthetized from concrete waste

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - To promote the recycling of construction wastes, a low temperature (≤ 200 ℃) hydrothermal technology for solidifying...     

水泥粉尘的比电阻及其测量之二

水泥粉尘经分级，并经吸湿和吸油处理，对所得尘样分别测定比电阻，从而找出湿度等对比电阻的变化规律、分析其产生原因，为改进和合理使用电除尘器提供依据。     

地理信息系统与环境地球化学

从环境地球化学和GIS系统的发展过程角度出发 ,阐述了GIS系统在环境地球化学中的应用范围 ,指出两者的结合是各自学科发展的必然要求和结果 ,它们的结合必将会促进两门学科的进一步发展 ,同时也提出了需进一步加强研究与探讨的领域。     

阿维菌素在稻田水、土壤及稻米中的残留研究

采用田间试验方法,应用HPLC法测定了阿维菌素在水稻水、土壤及稻米中的残留。结果表明：阿维菌素在稻田水、土壤及稻米中的平均添加回收率分别在85.51%～87.98%、78.57%～83.09%、82.74%～86.80%之间。阿维菌素的最小检出量为4.824×10^-10g,水、土壤、稻米中阿维菌素的最低检测浓度分别为0.001 mg/kg、0.014 mg/kg、0.01 mg/kg。该药属易分解农药（T1/2〈30 d）,按推荐使用剂量使用时收获的稻米是安全的。     

酸沉降对森林生长固碳和土壤盐基保持功能的影响

在森林土壤酸化过程空间信息模型和森林植被生产力空间信息模型的基础上,耦合了森林水土保持、森林涵养水源、森林生长固碳、森林土壤盐基保持4个空间信息子模型,构建了森林生态效益空间信息模型.选取贵州省龙里地区作为试验点,运用遥感和地理信息系统技术获取模型参数,定量模拟了不同酸沉降条件下森林保土、保水、生长固碳、土壤盐基保持4种生态功能,并利用替代价值法对4种生态功能进行了货币化评定.本文主要介绍森林生长固碳、森林土壤盐基保持两个子模型及其生态效益评价.经研究森林生长固碳、土壤盐基保持效益远大于森林的林木价值,约为林木价值的10倍.森林不同生态功能受酸雨的破坏程度不同,若2007年酸雨pH值下降1.0,则在29km2的面积上森林生长固碳和土壤盐基保持生态效益损失达165万元,平均每km2面积上损失为5.7万元.     

水幕排烟系统对烟气控制及排烟效率的影响研究

为探明水幕排烟系统对隧道内烟气控制和排烟效率的影响,通过火灾动力学求解器(FDS)研究不同排烟风量下隧道内烟气、温度和速度分布。结果表明:排烟量小于100 m3/s时,水幕无法有效地阻隔有毒烟气的蔓延;当火源热释放速率(HRR)为10、20及30 MW时,排烟量分别为100、160和180 m3/s,能将烟气限制在水幕排烟系统内;在水幕的作用下,水幕外的温度分布均满足人员逃生的需要(小于80℃),在水幕排烟系统中烟气控制要比温度控制更为重要;相同火源HRR下,排烟口的排烟效率随着排烟量先增大后减小;排烟口的吸穿效应在水幕排烟系统中很难出现,排烟口吸入位于隧道底部混有大量新鲜空气的烟气是造成排烟效率降低的主要原因。     

Simultaneous removal of chromium and arsenate from contaminated groundwater by ferrous sulfate: Batch uptake behavior

Chromium and/or arsenate removal by Fe(II) as a function of pH, Fe(II) dosage and initial Cr(VI)/As(V) ratio were examined in batch tests. The presence of arsenate reduced the removal e ciency of chromium by Fe(II), while the presence of chromate significantly increased the removal e ciency of arsenate by Fe(II) at pH 6–8. In the absence of arsenate, chromium removal by Fe(II) increased to a maximum with increasing pH from 4 to 7 and then decreased with a further increase in pH. The increment in Fe(II) dosage resulted in an improvement in chromium removal and the improvement was more remarkable under alkaline conditions than that under acidic conditions. Chromium removal by Fe(II) was reduced to a larger extent under neutral and alkaline conditions than that under acidic conditions due to the presence of 10 mol/L arsenate. The presence of 20 mol/L arsenate slightly improved chromium removal by Fe(II) at pH 3.9–5.8, but had detrimental e ects at pH 6.7–9.8. Arsenate removal was improved significantly at pH 4–9 due to the presence of 10 mol/L chromate at Fe(II) dosages of 20–60 mol/L. Elevating the chromate concentration from 10 to 20 mol/L resulted in a further improvement in arsenate removal at pH 4.0–4.6 when Fe(II) was dosed at 30–60 mol/L.