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661.
To investigate the feasibility of detoxifying chromium slag by sewage sludge,synthetic chromium slag containing 3% of Cr(VI) was mixed with sewage sludge followed by thermal treatment in nitrogen gas for stabilizing chromium.The effects of slag to sludge ratio(0.5,1 and 2) and temperature(200,300,500,700 and 900°C) on treatment efficiency were investigated.During the mixing process before thermal treatment,59.8%-99.7% of Cr(VI) was reduced,but Cr could be easily leached from the reduction product.Increasing heating temperature and decreasing slag to sludge ratio strengthened the reduction and stabilization of Cr(VI).When the slag to sludge ratio was 0.5 and thermal treatment temperature was 300°C,the total leached Cr and Cr(VI) declined to 0.55 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L respectively,and 45.5% of Cr in the thermally treated residue existed as residual fraction.A two-stage mechanism was proposed for the reduction and stabilization of Cr. 相似文献
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普光气田天然气净化厂是中国石化集团公司"川气东送工程"的关键组成部分,在投料试车期间,富含高浓度H2S的原料气决定了净化过程中的泄漏中毒高风险,尤其在投料试车过程中,实时监测现场H2S气体浓度是试车安全管理的关键。介绍了天然气净化厂净化工艺,分析了试车安全风险;利用安全监测系统、GasFindIR红外成像仪、有毒挥发气体分析仪等先进仪器设备建立了实时安全管理监测方法,实时监测现场H2S气体浓度。结果表明,该方法在天然气净化厂投料试车阶段发现H2S气体泄漏及时,泄漏点定位准确,泄漏量检测精确,保证了普光气田天然气净化厂投料试车作业安全的顺利进行,为高含H2S气田投料试车作业的安全管理提供了参考。 相似文献
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Zhiqiao He Qiaolan Cai Huiying Fang Gaohua Situ Jianping Qiu Shuang Song Jianmeng Chen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(12):2460-2468
A series of TiO2 with different crystal phases and morphologies was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal process using titanium nbutoxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid as raw materials. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was evaluated by degradation of Methyl Orange in aqueous solution under UV-Visible light irradiation. On the basis of detailed analysis of the characterizing results of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurement, it was concluded that the photo-activity of the catalyst is related directly to the 3D morphology and the crystal phase composition. An excellent catalyst should have both a futile 3D flower-like structure and anatase granulous particles. The 3D flower-like structure could enhance light harvesting, as well as the transfer of reactant molecules from bulk solution to the reactive sites on TiO2. In addition, the optimum anatase/rutile phase ratio was found to be 80:20, which is beneficial to the effective separation of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. 相似文献
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Removal kinetics of phosphorus through use of basic oxygen furnace slag(BOF-slag)was investigated through batch experiments. Effects of several parameters such as initial phosphorus concentration, temperature, BOF-slag size, initial p H, and BOF-slag dosage on phosphorus removal kinetics were measured in detail. It was demonstrated that the removal process of phosphorus through BOF-slag followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The apparent rate constant(kobs) significantly decreased with increasing initial phosphorus concentration, BOF-slag size, and initial p H, whereas it exhibited an opposite trend with increasing reaction temperature and BOF-slag dosage.A linear dependence of kobson total removed phosphorus(TRP) was established with kobs=(3.51 ± 0.11) × 10- 4× TRP. Finally, it was suggested that the Langmuir–Rideal(L–R)or Langmuir–Hinshelwood(L–H) mechanism may be used to describe the removal process of phosphorus using BOF-slag. 相似文献
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Catastrophe theory to assess water security and adaptation strategy in the context of environmental change 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wang Xiao-jun Zhang Jian-yun Shamsuddin Shahid Xia Xing-hui He Rui-min Shang Man-ting 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2014,19(4):463-477
Economic development, population growth, urbanization and climate change have led to an increasing water shortage across the globe. Ensuring water security under changing environment will be the greatest challenge for water resources managers in near future. In this paper, catastrophe theory based multi-criteria evaluation model has been proposed to assess water security under different management strategies to recommend the best water management strategy to achieve water security in the context of global environmental change. The assessment model involves future scenarios of climate change, population growth and economic development. Total 16 indicators related to climate, socio-economy and water availability and consumption have been proposed to measure water security under three management strategies viz. business-as-usual, water demand management and water supply management. The model has been applied to Yulin city of North West China to assess water security as well as to identify the water management strategy under changing environment. The results show that under business-as-usual situation the water shortage rate will reach up to 44 % by the year 2020 and up to 70 % by the year 2030 in Yulin. Water supply is required to increase by 41 % to meet the water demand under supply management strategy which is beyond the safe baseline rate. The study reveals that water demand management can reduce the gap between water supply and demand to a reasonable amount and therefore, can be considered as the most effective approach for adapting with environment change. 相似文献
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