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281.
Hermann Herzmann 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1957,44(13):377-377
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The relevance of the integration of preimaginal and eclosion experiences on the subsequent habitat preferences and mate finding
by the adult has been rarely tested in holometabolous insects. In this work, the effect of larval and early adult experiences
on the behavioural responses of adult males of the aphid parasitoid, Aphidius ervi, towards volatiles from the host–plant complex (HPC) and from conspecific females were evaluated. Two experience factors
were considered: host diet (normal diet=ND; artificial diet=AD), and eclosion, i.e. extraction or non-extraction of the parasitoid
larva from the parasitised aphid (extracted=EX; non-extracted=NE). Thus, four treatments were set up: ND/NE, ND/EX, AD/NE
and AD/EX. Glass Y-tube olfactometers were used to investigate the responses of adult A. ervi males to the odour sources used. Males from the ND/NE treatment showed a shorter latency to the first choice of olfactometer
arms, displayed a marked preference towards the HPC olfactometer arm, and spent more time in the HPC arm than males from the
other treatments. Only the interaction of host diet and eclosion experiences proved to be relevant in explaining the differences
in latency to first choice, time spent in olfactometers arms, and behaviours displayed in the olfactometer arms. These results
show the importance of the integration of larval and eclosion experiences in the development of stereotyped responses of the
adults. This process may involve memory retention from the preimaginal and emergence period, but further research is needed
to disentangle the contribution of each stage. The response to conspecific females was much less affected by the treatments
in relation to first arm choice and times in olfactometer arms, suggesting a pheromone-mediated behaviour, even though a prompter
and more intense wing fanning courtship behaviour was registered in the ND/NE males compared to males from the AD/NE treatment.
These results show that sexual behaviours are less affected by early experiences than behaviours related with finding a HPC
for foraging or oviposition. Taken together, our results demonstrate for first time that larval and eclosion experiences affect
in a differential way the early responses of the adult towards environment-derived cues and mate related cues. 相似文献
285.
Bendix Phillip Achenbach Hermann Weihaupt Petra Eckert Daniela Oehme Ines Berg Holger 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(4):1432-1443
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The construction sector is the second largest area for the application for plastics. Due to the long life times of construction products, the... 相似文献
286.
Sohouli Esmail Irannejad Neda Ziarati Abolfazl Ehrlich Hermann Rahimi-Nasrabadi Mehdi Ahmadi Farhad Luque Rafael 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(6):3789-3809
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Rising health issues of Worldwide pollution by fossil fuel products are Fostering the development of safer materials such as biopolymers in many sectors such as... 相似文献