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41.
An adsorption process for the removal of As(V) and As(III) was evaluated under various conditions using zirconium(IV) loaded chelating resin (Zr-LDA) with lysine-Nalpha,Nalpha diacetic acid functional groups. Arsenate ions strongly adsorbed in the pH range from 2 to 5, while arsenite was adsorbed between pH 7 and 10.5. The sorption mechanism is an additional complexation between arsenate or arsenite and Zr complex of LDA. Adsorption isotherm data could be well interpreted by Langmuir equation for As(V) at pH 4 and As(III) at pH 9 with a binding constant 227.93 and 270.47 dm3 mol(-1) and capacity constant 0.656 and 1.1843 mmol g(-1), respectively. Regeneration of the resin was carried out for As(V) using 1 M NaOH. Six adsorption/desorption cycles were performed without significant decrease in the uptake performance. Column adsorption studies showed that the adsorption of As(V) is more favorable compared to As(III), due to the faster kinetics of As(V) compared to As(III). Influence of the coexisting ions on the adsorption of As(V) and As(III) was studied. The applicability of the method for practical water samples was studied. 相似文献
42.
Hideyuki Katsumat Syunya Koike Satoshi Kaneco Tohru Suzuki Kiyohisa Ohta 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(9):1455-1461
The decolorization of Reactive Yellow 86(RY 86),one of reactive azo dyes,was investigated in the presence of Fenton reagent under solar light irradiation.The decolorization rate was strongly influenced by pH,initial concentrations of H 2 O 2 and Fe(II),and so on.An initial concentration of 40 mg/L was decolored more than 90% after 20 min under optimum conditions.The activation energy of the solar photo-Fenton reaction was 1.50 kJ/mol for RY 86 in the temperature range of 10-60°C.In the kinetic study,the rate constant of RY 86 with OH· radicals could be estimated to be 1.7 × 10 10 L/(mol·sec).The decolorization efficiency of RY 86 under solar light irradiation was comparable to the artificial light irradiation.The decrease of TOC as a result of mineralization of RY 86 was observed during photo-Fenton process.The rate of RY 86 mineralization was about 83% under UV irradiation after 24 hr.The formation of chloride,sulfate,nitrate and ammonium ions as end-products was observed during the photocatalytic process.The decomposition of RY 86 gave two kinds of intermediate products.The degradation mechanism of RY 86 was proposed on the base of the identified intermediates. 相似文献
43.
Sayuri Shimazu Yukiko Kawabata Akito Inayoshi Hideyuki Inui Hitoshi Ashida Hideo Ohkawa 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):741-749
Four expression plasmids for recombinant human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (hAhR) consisting of a ligand binding domain of hAhR, a DNA-binding domain of LexA and a transactivation domain of VP16 as well as β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter genes were constructed. All the expression plasmids were transformed into tobacco plants. The selected transgenic tobacco plants were used to assay. PCB congeners showed GUS activity in a TEF-dependent manner. The selected transgenic tobacco plant XhD4V17 was compared with the transgenic tobacco plants XmD4V26 and XgD2V23 containing recombinant mouse (m) AhR-mediated GUS reporter gene expression cassette and recombinant guinea pig (g) AhR-mediated GUS reporter gene expression cassette for PCB congener-inducible GUS activity. The data revealed that the tobacco plant XgD2V23 was the most active in PCB congener-inducible GUS activity. In a 1:1 mixture of PCB126 and PCB80 a reduced PCB126-induced GUS activity was observed in plant XgD2V23, which could possibly be due to interaction between PCB126 and PCB80. 相似文献
44.
Inui H Gion K Utani Y Wakai T Kodama S Eun H Kim YS Ohkawa H 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(1):59-65
The transgenic tobacco plant XD4V-26 carrying the recombinant mouse aryl hydrocarbon receptor XD4V-mediated β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene expression system was used for assay of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds consisting of polychlorinated dibenzeno-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans, and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) in actually contaminated soils. The transgenic tobacco plant XD4V-26 showed a significant dose-dependent induced GUS activity when cultured on MS medium containing PCB126 [toxic equivalency factor (TEF) = 0.1]. In contrast, PCB169 and PCB180, which have 0.03 of TEF and unassigned TEF values, respectively, did not significantly induce GUS activity under the same conditions as with PCB126. When the tobacco plants were cultivated for up to 5 weeks on actually contaminated soils with dioxins and dioxin-like compounds collected from the periphery of an incinerator used for disposal of residential and industrial wastes, GUS activity in the leaves was dose-dependently increased. The plants clearly detected 360 pg-TEQ g(-1) of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in this assay. There was a positive correlation between GUS activity and TEQ value of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in the plants. This assay does not require any extraction and purification processes for the actually contaminated soil samples. 相似文献
45.
Chlorinated derivatives of estrone (E1) in the effluent of a municipal sewage treatment plant located in Shizuoka prefecture, Japan were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using electron impact in selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-EI-SIM) analysis. The concentrations of E1, 2-chloroestrone, 4-chloroestrone and 2,4-dichloroestrone in the effluent sample collected in December 2005 were 60.0 ng l(-1), 4.0 ng l(-1), 14.5 ng l(-1), and 9.8 ng l(-1), respectively. In the effluent sample taken in June 2005, 2,4-dichloroestrone was detected at 5.6 ng l(-1) along with 17.6 ng l(-1) of E1. However, only E1 was detected at 5.9 ng l(-1) in the sample in May 2005. To elucidate the behavior of E1 during the disinfection process with sodium hypochlorite in the sewage treatment plant, we carried out a reaction of E1 with sodium hypochlorite in buffer solutions at pH 7 and 9. As E1 was consumed rapidly, chlorinated estrones were produced and relatively fast formation of 2-chloroestrone, 4-chloroestrone, and 2,4-dichloroestrone was observed. Furthermore, 1,4-estradiene-3,17-dione derivatives were formed from the reaction between 2,4-dichloroestrone and sodium hypochlorite. 相似文献
46.
Guangdou Qi Zhifei Pan Yasuha Sugawa Fetra J. Andriamanohiarisoamanana Takaki Yamashiro Masahiro Iwasaki Keiko Kawamoto Ikko Ihara Kazutaka Umetsu 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(3):1448-1457
The fertilizer properties of anaerobic digestate depend on the feedstock and operating conditions of digestion. In this study, the comparative fertilizer properties of mesophilic and thermophilic digestates from dairy manure were evaluated for plant nutrient contents, and special attention was paid to plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Two digestates contained similar plant nutrient contents, while the thermophilic digestate contained higher contents of NH4+–N. The quantity of Bacillus and Pseudomonas in the mesophilic digestate was significantly higher than in the thermophilic digestate. Furthermore, Bacillus showed siderophore production and antifungal activity (43.5–75.3%), and Pseudomonas showed siderophore and phytohormone production (4.2–75.2 µg ml?1). One phosphate solubilizing isolate was also detected in the mesophilic digestate. These results indicated that two digestates showed different fertilizer properties with respect to nutrient contents and PGPB, and digestates had the potential to increase the availability of phosphorus and iron in the soil, both to provide phytohormones to plant roots and protect plants from fungal phytopathogens. The contents of indicator bacteria and heavy metals were analyzed to determine their environmental risk, and the results showed a high reduction in indicator bacteria and lower levels of heavy metals than in other feedstocks. 相似文献
47.
Degradation behaviors of nonylphenol ethoxylates by isolated bacteria using
improved isolation method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
GU Xin ZHANG Yu ZHANG Jing YANG Min Hideyuki Tamaki Yoichi Kamagata 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(9):1025-1027
Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPEO)-degrading bacteria were isolated from activated sludge using an improved isolation method, and the corresponding degradation behaviours were investigated. Eight NPEO-degrading strains distributed in genera Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Cupriavidus, Ralstonia, Achromobacter, and Staphylococcus were acquired. The latter five genera have never been reported for the degradation of NPEOs. Four degradation patterns were observed for the eight pure strains. In pattern A, NPE... 相似文献
48.
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Liquid-phase treatment of waste Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) was performed. Chlorine change rate was high when using alcohol, cresol and terpene... 相似文献
49.
The zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) cultivars 'Patty Green', 'Black Beauty', and 'Gold Rush' were cultivated on weathered dioxin-contaminated soil in pots, and concentrations of the 29 dioxin-like compounds that were assigned WHO-TEFs, three non-toxic polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and two non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed. Toxic equivalent (TEQ) values accumulated in 'Black Beauty' and 'Gold Rush' were about 180 times higher than those in 'Patty Green'. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) based on total mass concentration of the twelve dioxin-like PCBs was higher than those of the seven PCDDs and ten PCDFs in all the cultivars. The BCFs for PCDD and PCDF congeners were negatively correlated with octanol-water partition coefficients in all the plants. No correlations were observed in PCB congeners in the high accumulators, although in 'Patty Green' the BCFs for PCB congeners were significantly correlated with octanol-water partition coefficients. Our findings suggest that the high accumulators had unknown, unique mechanisms for uptake of PCBs, whereas PCDDs and PCDFs were absorbed based on their physicochemical properties. 相似文献
50.
Gion K Inui H Sasaki H Utani Y Kodama S Ohkawa H 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2012,47(7):599-607
Certain congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine insecticides are ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) in animals. A recombinant guinea pig (g) AhR, XgDV, was constructed by fusing the ligand-binding domain of gAhR, the DNA-binding domain of LexA, and the transactivating domain of VP16. Then, the expression unit of β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene regulated by XgDV was introduced into Arabidopsis and tobacco plants. When the transgenic Arabidopsis XgDV plants were cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium containing PCB congeners, the GUS activity in the plants increased toxic equivalent (TEQ)-dependently. The GUS activity in the transgenic Arabidopsis XgDV plants cultured on MS medium containing the organochlorine insecticide dieldrin was also induced. On the other hand, in the case of DDT, the GUS activity induced by 3-methylcholanthere in the plants decreased. The transgenic Arabidopsis XgDV plants detected 1000 ng g(-1) PCB126 in 1 g of soils. Thus the XgDV plants seemed to be useful for convenient assays of PCB congeners and organochlorine insecticides, without any extraction and purification steps. 相似文献