关于环境自动监测的系统设计和方案探讨

根据上海市环境监测的现状，分别从大气环境、污染源排放、水和废水监测等方面提出了进一步开展自动监测的设想和网络优化设计，并探讨了有关管理措施。     

Hydrogen storage and distribution systems

Hydrogen storage and transportation or distribution is closely linked together. Hydrogen can be distributed continuously in pipelines or batch wise by ships, trucks, railway or airplanes. All batch transportation requires a storage system but also pipelines can be used as pressure storage system. Hydrogen exhibits the highest heating value per weight of all chemical fuels. Furthermore, hydrogen is regenerative and environment friendly. There are two reasons why hydrogen is not the major fuel of toady’s energy consumption: First of all, hydrogen is just an energy carrier. And, although it is the most abundant element in the universe, it has to be produced, since on earth it only occurs in the form of water. This implies that we have to pay for this energy, which results in a difficult economic task, because since the industrialization we are used to consuming energy for free. The second difficulty with hydrogen as an energy carrier is the low critical temperature of 33 K, i.e. hydrogen is a gas at room temperature. For mobile and in many cases also for stationary applications the volumetric and gravimetric density of hydrogen in a storage system is crucial. Hydrogen can be stored by six different methods and phenomena: high pressure gas cylinders (up to 800 bar), liquid hydrogen in cryogenic tanks (at 21 K), adsorbed hydrogen on materials with a large specific surface area (at T < 100 K), absorbed on interstitial sites in a host metal (at ambient pressure and temperature), chemically bond in covalent and ionic compounds (at ambient pressure), oxidation of reactive metals e.g. Li, Na, Mg, Al, Zn with water. These metals easily react with water to the corresponding hydroxide and liberate the hydrogen from the water. Finally, the metal hydroxides can be thermally reduced to the metals in a solar furnace.     

市区餐饮娱乐业环境管理浅见

本文从实际出发对市辖区餐饮业这个突出的环境敏感问题，查摆了现象，分析了产生原因，结合现阶段市辖区餐饮业环境管理实际，提出了针对性整改的措施。     

基于Maplnfo的项目排污可行性论证的研究与实践

Maplnfo是一种桌面GIS,功能非常强大。主要包括：地图输入、处理能力;关系型数据库功能;数据查询分析功能;多样化数据表达能力;功能齐全的系统开发工具;精美的地图输出功能;支持多种硬件操作平台;高精度的地图数据产品。该文重点运用Maplnfo的SQL查询功能,进行了建设项目排污可行性论证研究和实践,并实现了建设项目排污可行性论证的具体对象和可视化。     

炼油厂恶臭污染物的防治

论述了炼厂恶臭气体的防治方法，主要从密闭的生产装置、酸性水储罐及污水处理系统几个方面进行了分析并提出了目前为解决恶臭污染采取的方法。     

Heavy metals in surface sediments from Minjiang Esturary—Mazu and Xiamen—Jinmen sea areas

The concentrations of Cu,Pb, Zn and Cd in surface sediments from Minjang Estuary-Mazu and Ziamen-Jinmen sea areas of China were investigated during 1995-1996.The concentration ranges of Cu,Pb ,Zn and Cd in the Minjiang Estuary-Mazu sea area were 16.4-37.2,33.4-69.6,92.1-128,0.087-0.036mg/kg(dry wt.),respectively; those for Xiamen-Jinmen sea area were 11.0-24.5,36.0-80.3,77.5-161,0.135-0.285mg/kg(dry wt.), respectively.The concentration and distributions of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd in surface sediments of Minjiang Estuary-Mazu and Xiamen-Jinmen sea areas were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that the values of Zn and Pb exceeded those of sediment quality criteria.The average concentration of Cu in Minjiang Estuary-Mazu sea area was higher than that in Xiamen-Jinmen sea area.The obviously higher concentrations of Cu,Pb, Zn and Cd were found at outlets of Minjiang and Jiulong River.From the estuaries to open sea, the concentrations of Cu, Pb,Zn and Cd had a decreasing trend, and then elevated in the sea areas near Mazu and Jinmen, suggesting that Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd in Minjiang Estuary-Mazu and Xiamen-Jinmen sea areas may come from both the mainland and Taiwan of China.     

炼油污水处理絮凝剂筛选及其工业应用

炼油污水处理场浮选池、浮选机除油率的高低直接影响到下一级生化处理的效果以及外排水合格率，而浮选所用的絮凝剂是浮选池、浮选机除油率的高低的关键一环。通过对现有的六种絮凝剂实验室筛选以及筛选出的最佳絮凝剂的工业应用，浮选的除油率和外排水的合格率大为提高。     

紫木凼金矿开采过程中的环境效应:2.污染趋势分析

主要对紫木凼金矿区CN- 、As、Hg、Pb、Zn五个污染项目进行了趋势分析和污染预测。氰化物虽然是剧毒污染物 ,但它具有很强的自净降解作用 ,对矿区的污染影响不大 ,只是对于废液池的清洗外排必须先治理后排放。建立了As、Hg、Pb、Zn在各个污染途径中的定量分配模式。该模式表明 ,开采过程中As、Hg、Pb的大部分 ( 64 %以上 )进入废液池外排 ,其余的进入矿渣。在此基础上 ,对这些元素从 1 989年到 2 0 0 0年的开采总量、进入废液、土壤、积水坑的分量进行了计算 ,并给出了在堆场下伏粘土中各元素的饱和吸附量和开始外排的时间。     

城市生活垃圾无害化处理工艺

根据武汉市金口、郭茨口两个垃圾处理场情况 ,分析了城市生活垃圾处理现状及其危害 ,阐述了生活垃圾无害化处理工艺 ,提出生活垃圾无害化处理不仅可以实现资源的持续利用 ,而且奠定了城市可持续发展的基础     

Soil and water loss in the Lancang River-Mekong River watershed (in Yunnan section, China) and its control measures

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