甘蔗糖蜜酒精废水治理——排量及治理现状调查

在对一些糖厂的酒精蒸馏废水治理情况进行广泛调研的基础上,对酒精蒸馏废液的实际排量进行了理论计算,并根据对治理现状的调查,指出治理中存在的一些问题。     

环丙氨嗪在我国5种代表性土壤中的吸附特征

采用批平衡法,研究了环丙氨嗪在江西鹰潭红壤、江苏南京黄棕壤、江苏常熟水稻土、河南封丘潮土和黑龙江海伦黑土5种土壤中的吸附特征.结果表明,环丙氨嗪在5种供试土壤中的吸附过程趋于线性吸附,且均能以Freundlich模型和Langmuir模型较好地进行线性拟合.其中,环丙氨嗪的土壤吸附lgKf值分别为:潮土1.650 5、黄棕壤1.671 5、红壤1.715 3、水稻土2.457 9和黑土2.655 7,表明环丙氨嗪在5种土壤中的吸附行为存在较大差异.Kf与土壤有机质含量呈正相关(r=0.989),与土壤pH之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.938).其吸附自由能变化为-20.8~-23.0 kJ/mol,表明环丙氨嗪在土壤中的吸附主要是物理吸附.     

绵(阳)遂(宁)高速公路建设绿化补偿效应研究

高速公路建设将造成土地利用类型的永久改变,造成植被覆盖率显著下降,因此,公路绿化就显得尤为重要。文章以拟建的绵阳至遂宁高速公路工程为研究对象,结合现场样方调查及对比点样方调查,预测高速公路建设对植被的影响情况以及绿化措施所产生的补偿效益,并针对存在的问题提出了植被恢复和补偿建议。     

几种农业有机废弃物沼气发酵工艺条件优化研究

以农业有机废弃物鲜猪粪、干稻草、青草、南瓜叶以及菜叶为原料,沼气产量和甲烷产量为指标,采用4因素3水平的正交实验设计方法对沼气发酵工艺参数优化配置进行了实验研究。结果表明反应器内原料碳氮比、原料固体浓度、反应环境温度以及投加微量元素对沼气发酵均有不同程度的影响,其中反应环境温度对沼气产量的影响显著。最优工艺条件为原料碳氮比25:1、固体浓度8%、温度35℃、投加微量元素Co。     

船舶舱室层间火灾差异性仿真研究

为了探讨舱室分层、舱室通风开口参数对潜艇多层结构舱室火灾的影响,参照真实发生的火灾案例,结合案例中潜艇多层舱室的实际结构特点,采用Pyrosim建立多层舱室结构燃烧模型,调用FDS仿真研究各层火灾在自然通风和封舱状态下的差异性,发现各层火灾燃烧中均存在"顶棚射流火焰"与"间歇性复燃"现象,但出现时间点不同,且不同层火灾烟气浓度和温度在空间分布上存在明显差异,得出潜艇应采取"分层区别化灭火"的结论.     

哲学视阈中的企业安全文化——以中国石化管道企业安全文化为例

安全哲学为人类安全提供认识论和方法论的指导。基于唯物辩证法联系和发展的观点,分析企业安全文化和企业文化的辩证关系,认为企业安全文化建设依赖于企业文化基础,融入企业文化建设之中,融入企业文化的发展规划、决策,渗透到企业文化建设诸项内容中去。探讨企业安全文化的哲学诉求,认为企业安全文化的哲学是以"以人为本"为依据。对中国石化管道企业文化和企业安全文化进行阐述,对企业安全核心理念逐一进行哲学诠释。     

我国农村室内空气污染干预状况综述

概述了1994-2006年国内外对我国农村室内空气污染干预的研究成果,从中总结了改炉改灶、健康教育与行为干预、开发和使用清洁能源、社会动员等4项干预措施.其中,使用改良炉灶和清洁能源可直接而有效地改善室内空气质量; 健康教育、行为干预与社会动员通过帮助人们改变不良的生活方式达到改善室内空气质量的目的,这些措施在我国农村室内空气污染干预中取得了很好的效果.建议结合我国各地实际,采用综合干预措施控制农村室内空气污染.     

Plant coexistence can enhance phytoextraction of cadmium by tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum L.） in contaminated soil

A mesocosm experiment was conducted to investigate whether plant coexistence affects cadmium (Cd) uptake by plant in contaminated soil.Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.var.K326) and Japanese clover (Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl.) were used.Cadmium was applied as 3CdSO 4 ·8H 2 O in solution at three levels (0,1,and 3 mg/kg soil) to simulate an unpolluted soil and soils that were slightly and moderately polluted with Cd.Tobacco (crop),Japanese clover (non-crop),and their combination were grown under each C...     

Development of systems for detection, early warning, and control of pipeline leakage in drinking water distribution: A case study

The integrated system for the detection, early warning, and control of pipeline leakage has been successfully developed to manage the pipeline networks of Beijing.     

Seedling growth and metal accumulation of selected woody species in copper and lead/zinc mine tailings

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of selected woody plants for revegetation in copper (Cu) and lead/zinc (Pb/Zn) mine tailing areas. Five woody species (Amorpha fruticosa Linn, Vitex trifolia Linn: var. simplicifolia Cham, Glochidion puberum (Linn.) Hutch, Broussonetia papyrifera, and Styrax tonkinensis) and one herbaceous species (Sesbania cannabina Pers) were planted in Cu and Pb/Zn tailings to assess their growth, root morphology, nutrition uptake, metal accumulation, and translocation in plants. Amorpha fruticosa maintained normal growth, while the other species demonstrated stress related growth and root development. Sesbania cannabina showed the highest biomass among the plants, although it decreased by 30% in Cu tailings and 40% in Pb/Zn tailings. Calculated tolerance index (TI) values suggested that A. fruticosa, an N-fixing shrub, was the most tolerant species to both tailings (TI values 0.92–1.01), while S. cannabina had a moderate TI of 0.65–0.81 and B. papyrifera was the most sensitive species, especially to Pb/Zn tailings (TI values 0.15–0.19). Despite the high concentrations of heavy metals in the mine tailings and plants roots, only a small transfer of these elements to the aboveground parts of the woody plants was evident from the low translocation factor (TF) values. Among the woody plants, V. trifolia var. simplicifolia had the highest TF values for Zn (1.32), Cu (0.78), and Pb/Zn (0.78). The results suggested that A. fruticosa and S. cannabina, which have the highest tolerance and biomass production, respectively, demonstrated the potential for tailings revegetation in southern China.