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本地化的排放因子研究对污染物的准确核算具有重要意义.因此,本文根据2009年云南省火电行业的生产现状及SO2排放情况,采用实测法与物料衡算法相结合的方法,核算出云南省火电行业的SO2产排污系数,同时给出特定工艺及规模下的SO2产排污系数;并将所得系数与《第一次全国污染源普查工业污染源产排污系数手册》(以下简称《手册》)、环境统计的相关系数进行比较.结果表明,云南省火电行业的SO2产污系数为19.64kg·t-1(以每t原料中的SO2计,下同),排污系数为2.98~7.45kg·t-1.与《手册》比较得知:本研究中煤粉炉工艺≥600MW机组的产污系数较小;51~300MW机组及≤50MW机组的产污系数与《手册》的相符;本研究中煤粉炉工艺≥600MW机组和51~300MW机组的排污系数低值均比《手册》中的大;《手册》中循环流化床锅炉工艺机组的产排污系数在本研究的产排污系数区间内.与环境统计系数比较,两者产污系数基本相符,环境统计排污系数在本研究的排污系数区间内. 相似文献
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The large-scale development in livestock feed industry has increased the chances of antibiotics and heavy metals contamination in the soil. The fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbial community in heavy metals and antibiotic contaminated soil is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of cadmium (Cd) addition on the transport of ARGs, microbial community and human pathogenic bacteria in oxytetracycline (OTC) contaminated soil. Results showed that the addition of OTC significantly increased the abundance of ARGs and intI1 in the soil and lettuce tissues. The addition of Cd to OTC treated soil further increased the abundance and translocation of ARGs and intI1. Moreover, Cd promoted the transfer of potential human pathogenic bacteria (HPB) into lettuce tissues. Compared with O10 treatment, the addition of Cd decreased the concentration of OTC in soil and lettuce tissue, but slightly increased the fresh weight of lettuce tissues. Redundancy analysis indicated that bacterial community succession is a major factor in ARGs variation. Network analysis indicated that the main host bacteria of ARGs were mainly derived from Proteobacteria. Correlation analysis showed that intI1 was significantly correlated with tetG, tetC, sul1, sul2, ermX, and ermQ. Meanwhile, potential HPB (Clostridium, and Burkholderia) was significantly correlated with intI1 and eight ARGs (tetG, tetC, tetW, tetX, sul1, sul2, ermX, and ermQ.). The findings of this study suggest that the addition of heavy metals to agricultural fields must be considered in order to reduce the transfer of ARGs in the soil and crops. 相似文献
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Effects and mechanisms of meta-sodium silicate amendments on lead uptake and accumulation by rice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mingliu Zhao Yuting Liu Honghong Li Yifan Cai Ming Kuang Wang Yanhui Chen Tuanhui Xie Guo Wang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(27):21700-21709
The objectives of this research were to study the effects of Na2SiO3 application on the uptake, translocation, and accumulation of Pb in rice and to investigate the mechanisms of Pb immobilization by Na2SiO3 in paddy rice soils and rice plants. Pot experiments were conducted using a Cd-Pb-Zn-polluted soil and Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica cv. Donglian 5. L3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to identify Pb species in soils and roots. The results showed that the application of Na2SiO3 increased soil pH and available soil Si but decreased DTPA-extractable Pb in the soil. High dose of Na2SiO3 (12.5 g/kg) reduced the Pb level in brown rice as it inhibited Pb transfer from soil to rice grains, especially Pb transfer from the root to the stem. The Pb X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopic analysis revealed that application of high dose of Na2SiO3 increased Pb-ferrihydrite and PbSiO3 precipitates in the soil and in the root while it reduced Pb-humic acids (Pb-HAs) in the soil and Pb-pectin in the root. The decrease in Pb availability in the soil can be partly attributed to increase the precipitation of PbSiO3 and the association of Pb2+ with Fe oxides in the soil. The inhibition of the root-to-stem translocation of Pb was partially due to the precipitation of PbSiO3 on the root surfaces or inside the roots. 相似文献
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4种改良剂对土壤-黑麦草系统中镉行为的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)作为修复植物,开展了石灰、磷灰石、木炭、猪粪4种改良剂对重金属Cd污染土壤的田间原位修复试验研究。结果表明:改良剂提高了土壤pH值并促进土壤Cd从生物可利用性高的形态向迟效态转化,降低对生物和环境的直接毒害作用,促进黑麦草的生长。以黑麦草生物量和Cd富集量的增加作为评价指标,4种改良剂修复Cd污染土壤效果依次为:石灰〉磷灰石〉木炭〉猪粪。石灰处理中黑麦草Cd富集量为13.11 mg,与其他处理均呈现显著差异。污染土壤重金属Cd的化学形态与黑麦草对Cd的吸收密切相关。黑麦草地上部分Cd质量分数,与土壤B-2态Cd呈极显著正相关关系,相关系数为0.730。黑麦草地下部分Cd质量分数,与B-2、B-3态Cd均呈极显著正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.756、0.786;黑麦草地上部分和地下部分Cd质量分数均与B-4态Cd呈极显著负相关关系,相关系数分别为0.757和0.708。 相似文献
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Biochar, carbonaceous material produced from biomass pyrolysis, has been demonstrated to have electron transfer property(associated with redox active groups and multi condensed aromatic moiety), and to be also involved in biogeochemical redox reactions. In this study, the enhanced removal of Cr(VI) by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1(MR-1) in the presence of biochars with different pyrolysis temperatures(300 to 800 °C) was investigated to understand how biochar interacts with Cr(VI) reducing bacteria ... 相似文献
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运用系统决策方法优选大气污染治理方案 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文运用层次分析和多目标决策技术来量化大气污染治理方案的综合效益,从而为最佳治理方案的选取提供了科学依据. 相似文献
39.
为了研究不同浓度砷(As)对烟草光合色素和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,首先将3个烟草品种翠碧1号、K326和云烟-87幼苗种植在从0到100 mg·kg-1亚砷酸钠(Na As O2)的6个浓度组中进行盆栽试验,并定期进行烟草受害症状的观测,测定叶片的光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明:烟草在As胁迫下的反应因As胁迫浓度、胁迫时间和烟草品种而异。烟草光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数均表现为低浓度下有促进效应和高浓度下有抑制效应,同时3种烟草在40 mg·kg-1As浓度处理下出现生长受阻,且浓度越高胁迫症状越明显。K326和云烟-87表观症状较明显,对As毒害的敏感性高于翠碧1号。随着As胁迫时间的延长,烟草的耐性增强,对As胁迫的敏感性减弱。 相似文献
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基于乌鲁木齐市各类非金属矿物制品业的活动水平数据及其排放因子,建立了2015年乌鲁木齐市3种大气污染物的排放清单。2015年乌鲁木齐市非金属矿物制品业大气污染物NOx、SO2和PM2.5的排放总量分别为1.17×104 t、1.63×104 t和8.35×103 t。混凝土配料行业是NOx和SO2的主要排放源,占比分别为56.77%和71.72%;PM2.5的排放源主要是水泥(干法)行业,占比为70.23%。米东区是对NOx、SO2和PM2.5排放量的最大贡献区域,头屯河区是NOx和SO2的第二大贡献区域,达坂城区是PM2.5的第二大贡献区域。污染物在5~9月处于排放高峰期。蒙特卡罗法模拟结果表明,混凝土配料制品行业95%置信区间的不确定性最高,为-72%~157%。 相似文献