改性活性碳毡电吸附污水中的Zn2+

用20%硝酸改性活性碳毡,利用扫描电镜和傅里叶红外光谱等技术对其改性后的结构进行了表征;利用改性活性碳毡作为吸附电极,进一步研究了其应用于电吸附的除盐效果和影响因素.结果表明,改性后的活性碳毡上的羰基和羧基增多,比表面积增大了32.2%,平均孔径提高了2.5%,微孔体积增大了23.1%.在电压为1.2V,pH值为6~8,极板间距为5mm时电吸附装置对水中Zn²⁺的吸附效果最优,动力学分析表明改性活性碳毡吸附Zn²⁺更符合准二级动力学方程,吸附等温线符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,除此以外,电吸附循环实验表明用20%硝酸为再生液,通过电极反接,改性活性碳毡的再生率> 74%,说明在电吸附Zn²⁺过程中改性活性碳毡具有良好的再生性.     

回用生活污水的电化学消毒试验研究

对北京某中水站回用于杂用水的生活污水进行电化学消毒试验。试验结果表明 ,生活污水经生物接触氧化、活性炭吸附后 ,流经电化学消毒器停留 2 0s、耗电 0 .30kWh/m3 、消毒器出水放置 1h后 ,总大肠菌群数 <3个 /L ,满足生活杂用水的卫生学指标。当余氯浓度及接触时间相等的条件下 ,电化学消毒法的杀菌效果好于加氯消毒。E .coli细胞经电化学消毒和加氯消毒处理后 ,扫描电镜观察的结果表明 :2种方法作用后的细胞在形态上的变化是不相同的 ,说明电化学消毒的消毒机制不仅仅取决于电解产氯的作用 ,还有其他的杀菌作用     

广州城市水体沉积物中重金属形态分布研究

选取广州城市水体中的４ 个污染沉积物样品,采用连续提取法研究沉积物中重金属元素（ Ｐｂ 、 Ｚｎ 、 Ｃｕ 、 Ｎｉ 、 Ｃｒ 、 Ｍｎ） 的形态分布,结果表明：重金属元素主要以残渣态、有机结合态和氧化铁结合态存在,其中 Ｐｂ 、 Ｎｉ、 Ｍｎ 以残渣态和氧化铁结合为主, Ｚｎ 以残渣态和有机结合态为主, Ｃｕ 以有机态和氧化铁结合态为主, Ｃｒ 以氧化铁结合态为主。沉积物中固相组分对重金属的富集能力为：无定型氧化锰＞ ＞ 碳酸盐＞ 氧化铁＞ 有机质,而富集量则是后两者大于前两者。     

Ecological pressures on grassland ecosystems and their conservation strategies in Northern China

In this study,we identified ecological pressures on grassland ecosystems and adaptive countermeasures in Northern China.Our research revealed that the main sources of these pressures included population growth,economic development,resources exploitation,and global climate change,with human-related activities being overriding factors.Overgrazing was an important reason for grassland imbalance,causing soil erosion and desertification,especially during the sensitive spring greening phase.In steppe zones,commercial coal mining was destructive to the ecological environment.Regarding long-term strategies,we recommend that policy-makers devote more consideration to a new conceptual approach for transforming grasslands through shifting the focus from die grassland’s traditional production functions to meir ecological functions.Applying this concept,adaptive countermeasures should be developed to reduce human impacts based on the environmental capacities of grasslands.Moreover,we recommend the development of environment-friendly industries and reduction of pressures from human activities as effective measures for maintaining the balance between sustainable economic development and grassland conservation.Lastly,we suggest that restoration of degraded grasslands should conform to the principle of natural vegetation to further improve the ecological adaptability of plants and ecosystem stability.This study is expected to provide scientific support for policy-makers engaged in grassland protection.     

便携式电梯智能检测仪的研发与应用

随着电梯的结构、工作原理、拖动方式及控制系统的不断改进和电梯种类的多样化,其相关技术标准和检验形式也在不断更新。为了确保检验质量、提升检验精度、提高检验效率,检验人员配备先进可靠的日常检测工具成了保障电梯安全的关键因素之一。     

Al2O3含量对提铁后的钢渣及粉煤灰微晶玻璃结构与性能的影响

为了实现熔融态钢渣的“渣”和“热”高附加值双利用,提出了将熔融提铁后钢渣制备成高附加值微晶玻璃的研究思路。采用DTA、XRD、SEM和EDS等手段研究了Al2O3含量对提铁后钢渣微晶玻璃的影响,结果显示随Al2O3含量的增大微晶玻璃析晶温度逐渐升高,并且主晶相由假硅灰石转变为铝黄长石,最终转变为钙长石。Al2O3含量为15％时微晶玻璃的力学性能较好,其抗弯强度、显微硬度、抗压强度分别达到了49．85MPa、3．52GPa和181．47MPa,同时钢渣和粉煤灰的利用率分别高达56％和36％。     

纳米气敏材料的研究与发展趋势

各种气体尤其是对可燃性气体和毒性气体的检测和监控已成为企业当前急需解决的问题之一。纳米技术对提高气敏材料的灵敏度、选择性和长期稳定性有重要的作用,并且能降低工作温度和缩短温度的响应时间。文中论述了氢气、硫化氢、碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物、乙醇、丙酮等气体的纳米气敏材料的研究现状,并对其发展的趋势进行了预测。     

石油烃降解菌在高温高盐环境中的生理特性及应用潜力

分析了石油烃降解菌的生理特性及耐温、耐盐机制,介绍了国内外在高温高盐含油污水生物处理以及在高温高盐油藏的微生物采油方面应用石油烃降解菌方面的研究进展。国内外的研究结果表明,微生物在高温(地温120℃)、高矿化度(10×104mg／L)的油藏条件下,仍能保持较高的存活率,增油效果较好。     

EKC analysis for studying economic growth and environmental quality: a case study in China

Compared with the extensive research on the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in developed countries, there is a paucity of an empirical research on studying the relation for developing countries. Based upon the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, this paper develops regression models for investigating the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in China. The EKC analysis based on six pollution indices is illustrated with a case study in Jiaxing of Zhejiang, China.     

Impact of socioeconomic and meteorological factors on reservoirs’ air quality: a case in the Three Gorges Reservoir of Chongqing (TGRC), China over a 10-year period

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Three Gorges Dam’s construction and industrial transfer have resulted in a new air pollution pattern with the potential to threaten the...