欧盟重金属污染防治制度研究

欧盟是一个由各成员国合作实施共同但又有差别化环境政策的区域,其重金属污染防治工作特色明显。总结分析了欧盟重金属污染防治的管理制度和相关经验,重点研究欧盟在水环境、大气环境、土壤环境以及固体废弃物等领域的重金属污染防治法律法规、标准体系,总结其经验,以期为中国重金属污染防治工作提供参考和借鉴。     

不均匀憎水性对线路绝缘子防污效果的影响

以硅橡胶为主的复合绝缘材料广泛应用于高电压外绝缘领域,因其憎水性和憎水迁移性能有效提高线路绝缘子污闪电压。但是,运行多年后硅橡胶材料会发生局部老化,表面憎水性不均匀下降,这种情况下线路绝缘子的防污效果有着重要的研究意义。针对复合绝缘子沿串憎水性以及RTV涂料绝缘子上、下表面憎水性的不均匀分布特点,应用人工污闪试验和饱和受潮试验表现其防污性能。试验结果表明:复合绝缘子高压端憎水性下降对绝缘子整体防污性能影响较大;而悬垂绝缘子上下表面的饱和受潮时间和污秽流失情况决定了整体受潮状态,其中下表面的憎水性状态对其防污效果至关重要。根据上述试验结果,在运行状态评价中,复合绝缘子高压端以及悬垂绝缘子下表面的憎水性应给予重点关注。     

我国生活垃圾的现状 态势及其控制对策

分析了我国生活垃圾的现状、发展态势，并就解决我国生活垃圾问题的指导思想、方向以及控制对策进行了探讨。     

造纸黑液固化物有机NPK复合肥对水稻的效应研究

研究了造纸黑液固化物有机ＮＰＫ复合肥对稻产量、品质及土壤的影响，结果与复混肥“施大壮１”和“施大壮２”相比，增加水稻产量，分别增产１．７％和５．７％，该肥使稻米品质提高，并有利于保持土壤肥力。     

环境监测质量控制技术探讨-准确度控制

阐述了环境监测准确度控制的概念以及常用方法,提出了标准溶液控制的概念和方法,并对质控样控制的合格判断、加标回收率计算修正以及定性加标的应用提出独到见解。     

Diurnal variation of methane emissions from an alpine wetland on the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Alpine wetland is a source for CH₄, but little is known about methane emission from such wetland, especially about its diurnal pattern. In this study we tried to probe the diurnal variation in methane emission from alpine wetland vegetation. The average methane emission rate was 9.6 ± 3.4 mg CH₄ m^???2 h^???1. There was an apparent diurnal variation pattern in methane emission with one minor peak at 06:00 and a major one at 15:00. The sunrise peak was consistent with a two-way transport mechanism for plants (convective at daytime and diffusive at night-time). CH₄ emission was found significantly correlated with redox potentials. The afternoon peak could not be explained by diurnal variation in soil temperature, but could be attributable to changes in CH₄ oxidation and production driven by plant gas transport mechanism. The results have important implications for sampling and scaling strategies for estimating methane emission from alpine wetlands.