包谷垴-小河断裂——2014年8月3日云南鲁甸M_S6.5地震发震构造

2014年8月3日云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震。通过对鲁甸地震震源机制解、余震分布、断裂组合样式及区域地质构造背景综合分析,得出以下结论:根据地震等震线长轴衰减方向、震源机制解、震后前期强余震分布样式及地表破裂,判定本次地震的发震构造为包谷垴-小河断裂;根据莲峰断裂、昭通断裂和包谷垴-小河断裂之间的构造组合样式、地表GPS水平运动速率及水平缩短速率的差异性判断包谷垴-小河断裂为同向差异逆冲型捩断层;根据莲峰、昭通断裂带上的地震震源深度分布规律,认为在断裂带下15~20km处地壳物质呈塑性流动状态,在来自大凉山次级块体南东向运动给予的应力挤压下,形成了包谷垴-小河捩断层,并且导致了鲁甸地震的发生。     

Interannual variability of carbon cycle implied by a 2-d atmospheric transport model

A 2-dimensional atmospheric transport model is deployed in asimplified CO2 inverse study. Calculated carbon flux distribution for the interval from 1981 to 1997 confirms the existence of a terrestrial carbon sink in mid-high latitude area of North Hemisphere. Strong interannual variability exists in carbon flux patterns, implying a possible link with ENSO and other natural episodes such as Pinatubo volcano eruption in 1991. Mechanism of this possible link was investigated with statistic method. Correlation analysis indicated that in North Hemisphere, climatic factors such as temperature and precipitation, to some extend, could influence the carbon cycle process of land and ocean, thus cause considerable change in carbon flux distribution. In addition, correlation study also demonstrated the possible important role of Asian terrestrial ecosystems in carbon cycle.     

Influence of packing media on nitrogen removal in a subsurface infiltration system

Influence of packing media on nitrogen removal in a subsurface infiltration system was studied. System A was filled with loamy soil and system B was filled with mixed soil of 75% red clay with 25% cinder. Both systems were fed with sewage at the same hydraulic loading of 2 cm/d at continuous operation mode. The same excellent removal performances of COD and T-P could be achieved in both infiltration systems with removal rates about 85% and 98%, respectively. In system A, NH4^ -N removal rate was as high as 96.5% and T-N removal rate was relatively much lower as 55.7%. And in system B, NH4^ -N removal rate was as low as 75.4% and T-N removal rate was relatively much higher as 75.5 %. The difference was attributed to different soil oxidation-reduction condition that was greatly influenced by soil texture in subsurface infiltration system. Loamy soil led to oxidative condition that was favorable to nitrification and disadvantageous to denitrification. The results were just adverse to the system filled with clay. Intermittent operation was adopted to improve nitrogen removal in system B. NH4^ -N removal rate could be increased to about 95% and T-N removal rate could be increased to about 90% at intermittent operation mode in system B. Analysis of nitrogen removal mechanisms indicated that nitrification-denitrification was the primary nitrogen removal path in subsurface infiltration system and crop uptake was another important nitrogen removal way, It was the key to improve the total N removal performance that a suitable packing soil was available to present favorable oxidation-reduction condition for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification.     

赣南稀土区生物效应研究——稀土日允许摄入量

通过对赣南稀土区食谱中稀土分布调查,人体某些健康项目调查及结合动物实验结果分析,估算得稀土区成人的稀土（REO）日摄入量为6.0～6.7mg,属不安全量,而对照区成人日摄入量为3.3mg为安全量,据此分析比较,认为成人日允许摄入量定为4.2mg较妥,约为前人由动物实验外推的允许日摄入量14～24mg的五分之一。本研究对预测稀土远期环境风险有一定的参考价值,并提出应着手研究稀土污染治理问题。     

厌氧滤池-膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液不同工艺段中有机氯农药残留的分析

建立了基于HLB固相萃取柱和气相色谱／电子捕获(GC／ECD)分析垃圾渗滤液中有机氯农药的分析方法,对厌氧滤池．膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液不同工艺段水体中有机氯农药的浓度进行了分析．结果表明,应用厌氧滤池．膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液可以有效去除有机氯农药残留,主要去除工艺是厌氧,其中P,P’-DDT厌氧反应的中间体产物是P,P’-DDD,大部分继续转化为其它产物．在所试验的垃圾渗滤液中没有检出DDTs和HCHs以外的其它优先控制有机氯农药．     

脉冲电晕放电下用焦化废水脱硫的研究

在脉冲电晕放电条件下用武汉钢铁厂的炼焦废水进行了烟气脱硫实验。研究表明焦化废水具有良好的脱硫能力 ,实验中超过 85 %的SO2 被脱除 ,脉冲电晕的引入使出口处SO2 的含量进一步降低。在脱除烟气中SO2 的同时 ,脉冲电晕放电使焦化废水中油和酚的含量极大的减少 ,并使超过 99%的氰化物被除去 ,这对解决焦化废水的生化处理中的好氧微生物失活问题有重要意义 ,有利于降低焦化废水的生化处理的难度 ,并可达到以废治废的目的。该研究为钢铁企业的烟气脱硫和焦化废水处理提供一种新思路     

煤矸石热电厂烟气治理技术及应用

介绍了一种新型喷淋泡沫塔在煤矸石热电厂烟气治理中的应用。根据离心、喷雾、泡沫相结合的多级净化原理 ,经旋风喷雾、二级喷淋泡沫板洗涤 ,脱硫效率高达 92 4 %。     

考虑径向温度效应的能源桩荷载传递分析方法研究

针对能源桩受温度作用影响时的承载特性难以量化,提出考虑径向温度效应的荷载传递法对能源桩热-力耦合作用下的受力特性进行研究,评估温度变化对能源桩的影响,研究桩身轴力、桩侧摩阻力的分布状态,并以昆山能源桩的现场测试为依托,验证了本文方法的可行性。计算结果表明,温度作用对能源桩桩身应力应变状态有显著影响,当桩体受极限荷载与温度作用时,侧阻力发挥的作用几乎不大,在降温作用下能源桩桩顶会产生残余变形,因此在能源桩设计时应以降温作用时的沉降值为标准进行折减,考虑能源桩的设计承载力。     

Mapping the contaminant plume of an abandoned hydrocarbon disposal site with geophysical and geochemical methods,Jiangsu, China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The management and remediation of abandoned hydrocarbon-contaminated sites require detailed information on the distribution of contaminant plumes. In...     

水蚤分子生态毒理学研究进展

水蚤是广泛分布于各类淡水水体中的浮游动物,在水生生态系统中具有重要地位,也是水生毒理学研究中常用的模式生物。近年来,分子毒理学的发展为水蚤生态毒理学研究提供了新的工具和研究思路。本文分别从基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和表观遗传组学方面,综述了不同环境污染物(重金属、农药和杀菌剂等有机污染物、环境激素类化合物、纳米材料和藻毒素等)对水蚤的生态毒理学效应及分子机制,为通过水蚤生态毒理学研究进行环境污染生物标志物筛选及生态风险评估提供参考。