HZ-16型大孔树脂吸附处理含RDT-8废水

采用HZ-16型大孔树脂对含三（三溴苯氧基）三嗪（RDT-8）废水进行吸附及脱附处理。实验结果表明：在废水流量为4.0 BV/h的条件下,树脂最佳吸附工艺条件为出水体积88.0 BV,此条件下出水COD小于291 mg/L,挥发酚质量浓度小于0.08 mg/L;在脱附液流量为0.5 BV/h的条件下,树脂最佳脱附工艺条件为脱附液体积3.0 BV,此条件下脱附液中挥发酚质量浓度为30.6 mg/L,挥发酚脱附率高达76.4%。在最佳吸附-脱附工艺条件下,连续进行10次动态吸附-脱附实验,吸附出水中COD为137~294 mg/L,COD去除率为72.5%~89.1%,挥发酚质量浓度稳定在0.05 mg/L以下,挥发酚去除率为99.8%~100%,说明HZ-16型大孔树脂的吸附-脱附性能稳定。     

Influence of Spartina alterniflora on the mobility of heavy metals in salt marsh sediments of the Yangtze River Estuary, China

Using bio-disturbed sulphide to trace the mobility and transformation of Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the sediments of the Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh in the Yangtze River Estuary, measurements were made of the seasonal variations of acid-volatile sulphide (AVS) and of the simultaneously extracted metals (SEM) in the rhizosphere sediments. Microcosm incubation experiments recreating flooding conditions were conducted to evaluate the effect of AVS and other metal binding phases upon the dynamics of Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in the salt marsh sediments. The results demonstrate that the ratio values of SEM/AVS have a significant seasonal variation in the rhizosphere sediments and that the anoxic conditions in the sediments were likely enhanced by S. alterniflora during the summer and autumn compared with the anoxic conditions resulting from the native species Phragmites australis and Scirpus mariqueter. The incubation experiments suggest that Fe(III) and Mn(IV/III) (hydr)oxides provide important binding sites for heavy metals under oxic conditions, and sulphide provides important binding sites for the Cu and Pb under anoxic conditions. Our observations indicate that the mobility of heavy metals in the salt marsh sediments is strongly influenced by biogeochemical redox processes and that the invasive S. alterniflora may increase the seasonal fluctuation in heavy metal bioavailability in the salt marsh ecosystem.     

公路项目竣工环境保护验收调查中的重点与难点

公路项目是生态影响类建设项目,本文以达渝高速公路三期工程(大竹城西至重庆段)竣工环境保护验收调查为例,以验收调查的技术路线、方法、工程建设对生态环境的影响及声环境的影响为重点进行调查,对在公路项目竣工环境保护验收调查中存在的问题和重点进行总结。     

以聚丁酸丁二醇酯为碳源去除含盐水体硝酸盐的研究

以可生物降解聚合物为碳源和生物膜载体可以解决异养反硝化有机碳源的添加不足或过量的问题.在序批式反应条件下,以聚丁酸丁二醇酯(PBS)为碳源和生物膜载体,对含盐水体异养反硝化过程中的细菌群落特征进行了研究.结果表明,试验条件下硝酸盐可以得到很好的去除,虽然有亚硝酸盐的明显积累,但最终被降低.硝酸盐的存在会降低含PBS水体中溶解性有机物的含量.应用变性梯度凝胶电泳和16S rDNA的方法鉴别到的细菌包括:Pseudomonas stutzeri,Pseudomonas sp.,Alteromonas sp.,Marinobacter salsuginis,Thalassospira xianheensis,Itellibacter vladivostokensis,Euplotopsis encysticus,Alcanivorax venustensis,Halomonas sp.,Agrobacterium tume aciens,Pannonibacter phragmitetus,Vitellibacter vladivostokensis.试验结果表明,反硝化条件下PBS具有较好的可生物降解性和明显的NO3--N去除能力,是比较理想的低C/N含盐水体异养反硝化碳源.     

Adsorption of basic dye from aqueous solution onto fly ash

The fly ash treated by H₂SO₄ was used as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of a typical dye, methylene blue, from aqueous solution. An increase in the specific surface area and dye-adsorption capacity was observed after the acid treatment. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics of the treated fly ash were studied. The experimental results were fitted using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It shows that the Freundlich isotherm is better in describing the adsorption process. Two kinetic models, pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, were employed to analyze the kinetic data. It was found that the pseudo-second-order model is the better choice to describe the adsorption behavior. The thermodynamic study reveals that the enthalpy (ΔH⁰) value is positive (5.63 kJ/mol), suggesting an endothermic nature of the adsorption.     

高效降解环己酮红球菌JDM-3-12的分离及其系统发育分析

从岳阳巴陵石化公司环己酮生产车间总出水口的污泥中筛选到一株环己酮降解菌株,菌号为JDM-3-12;该菌能以环己酮为唯一碳源且能忍受5000 mg/L的环己酮,当环己酮的质量浓度为2000 mg/L时,在温度为30℃,转速为150 r/m in,pH=7的条件下,72小时内该菌株对环己酮的降解率达到97.91%。通过形态观察、生理生化特征检测和基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析,初步鉴定其为赤红球菌(Rhodococcus ruber)中的一个菌株,该菌最适生长温度为35℃,最适生长pH 7。     

关于犀牛保护及犀角持续利用的建议

简述了犀牛在中国灭绝的原因,介绍了犀牛角的利用价值,针对目前犀牛在中国的状况,提出了犀牛保护及犀角持续利用的建议。     

企业社会资本研究

社会资本是指行动主体通过社会网络摄取稀缺资源并由此获益的能力.本文界定了企业社会资本的内涵、特征和功能,指出企业社会资本是企业建立在规范和信任基础上的,通过社会网络摄取稀缺资源的能力,它能够给企业带来收益,促进企业实现其目标.     

ABR反应器的启动研究

研究了添加填料对折流式厌氧反应器(ABR)启动性能的影响.反应器启动时,控制COD负荷为0.15 kg/(m3*d),逐渐提升至0.6 kg/(m3*d).未加填料的反应器经过约60 d,加入填料的反应器经过约35 d的连续运行,出水COD去除率稳定,启动基本完成.研究表明,添加填料的复合式反应器启动速度明显快于普通ABR,且运行稳定性更好,COD去除率较高,能够较好地截留污泥,有利于反应器生物效应的形成.