全文获取类型
收费全文 | 35261篇 |
免费 | 391篇 |
国内免费 | 454篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 952篇 |
废物处理 | 1351篇 |
环保管理 | 4709篇 |
综合类 | 5648篇 |
基础理论 | 9943篇 |
环境理论 | 21篇 |
污染及防治 | 9019篇 |
评价与监测 | 2191篇 |
社会与环境 | 2044篇 |
灾害及防治 | 228篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 294篇 |
2021年 | 266篇 |
2020年 | 212篇 |
2019年 | 290篇 |
2018年 | 502篇 |
2017年 | 497篇 |
2016年 | 726篇 |
2015年 | 601篇 |
2014年 | 850篇 |
2013年 | 2665篇 |
2012年 | 1061篇 |
2011年 | 1527篇 |
2010年 | 1245篇 |
2009年 | 1293篇 |
2008年 | 1525篇 |
2007年 | 1612篇 |
2006年 | 1398篇 |
2005年 | 1219篇 |
2004年 | 1190篇 |
2003年 | 1138篇 |
2002年 | 1126篇 |
2001年 | 1473篇 |
2000年 | 1023篇 |
1999年 | 623篇 |
1998年 | 490篇 |
1997年 | 490篇 |
1996年 | 522篇 |
1995年 | 559篇 |
1994年 | 490篇 |
1993年 | 450篇 |
1992年 | 467篇 |
1991年 | 434篇 |
1990年 | 425篇 |
1989年 | 447篇 |
1988年 | 384篇 |
1987年 | 350篇 |
1986年 | 308篇 |
1985年 | 344篇 |
1984年 | 329篇 |
1983年 | 363篇 |
1982年 | 374篇 |
1981年 | 315篇 |
1980年 | 281篇 |
1979年 | 302篇 |
1978年 | 257篇 |
1977年 | 223篇 |
1976年 | 223篇 |
1975年 | 215篇 |
1973年 | 205篇 |
1972年 | 234篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 609 毫秒
741.
742.
A field study was conducted to evaluate the protozoan colonization patterns on artificial substrates in relation to organic pollution within a tropical harbour. The composition of protozoans and their succession rates on artificial substrates(polyurethane foam units) were compared between two field stations(A and B), and their presence were considered with regards to the prevailing water quality conditions at the study sites. Altogether 44 genera of flagellates and ciliates were documented. The common genera of flagellates encountered included Monas, Polytoma, and Chromalina. Among the ciliates, the predominant genera were Tetrahymena, Vorticella, Lagymophyra, and Heloiphyra. These groups exhibited characteristic successional patterns in relation to ambient water quality. At Station A, located close to the sewage outfall, the water quality parameters included poor Secchi-disc transparency(0.48 m), dissolved oxygen of 1.93 mg/ml, salinity of 18 psu, and temperature 31.3 degrees C. Here, the nanoflagellates (spumella) colonized first, followed by microcilliate(Tetrahymena) and sessile form(Vorticella). Station B, located on the seaward side, was characterized by relatively less-stressed environmental conditions with transparency 1.85 m and dissolved oxygen value of 6.04 mg/ml. Salinity of 27.27 psu, and mean temperature of 30 degrees C were recorded at "B". At this station, the nanoflagellate Polytoma was first documented to colonize on the substrates, followed by microcilliate(Lagynophrya) and suctorid(Heliophyra). These findings support the use of protozoans as indicator species for evaluating the hazards posed by organic pollution to natural estuarine communities. 相似文献
743.
The application of ultrasonic-electrolysis process for the removal of copper is studied.In the ultrasonic field cavitation acts as jets and agitates the solution and breaks the barrier layer between the cathode surface and the bulk of the solution.Thus increases metal deposition on the cathode surface.The results show that an ultrasonic field is successful for the removal of low copper concentrations in solution. 相似文献
744.
Boris N. Porfiriev 《Environmental management》1996,20(1):25-33
An analysis is presented of the environmental effects of the most serious radiation accident recorded after Chernobyl, which
occurred in the formerly secret town of Tomsk-7 in Siberia, Russia, on 6, April 1993. Fortunately, it appears not to have
become a major industrial crisis or disaster. The causes of the accident are described. It is argued that a mixture of both
objective and subjective prerequisites, including specific human, organizational, and technological factors, were responsible
for the explosion or directly facilitated it. The Tomsk-7 accident's ecological, medical, social, and psychological consequences
are discussed. 相似文献
745.
Colombo JC Cabello M Arambarri AM 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1996,94(3):355-362
The biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons by natural soil microflora and seven fungi species, including imperfect strains and higher level lignolitic species, is compared in a 90-day laboratory experiment using a natural, not-fertilized soil contaminated with 10% crude oil. The natural microbial soil assemblage isolated from an urban forest area was unable to significantly degrade crude oil, whereas pure fungi cultures effectively reduced the residues by 26-35% in 90 days. Normal alkanes were almost completely degraded in the first 15 days, whereas aromatic compounds (phenanthrene and methylphenanthrenes) exhibited slower kinetics. Aspergillus terreus and Fusarium solani, isolated from oil-polluted areas, produced the more efficient attack of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, respectively. Overall, imperfect fungi isolated from polluted soils showed a somewhat higher efficiency, but the performance of unadapted, indigenous, lignolitic fungi was comparable, and all three species, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes villosus and Coriolopsis rigida, effectively degraded aliphatic and aromatic components. The simultaneous, multivariate analysis of 22 parameters allowed the elucidation of a clear reactivity trend of the oil components during biodegradation: lower molecular weight n-alkanes > phenanthrene > 3-2-methylphenanthrenes > intermediate chain length n-alkanes > longer chain length n-alkanes > isoprenoids approximately 9-1-methylphenanthrenes. Irrespective of the individual degrading capacities, all fungi species tested seem to follow this decomposition sequence. 相似文献
746.
Effects of ethylenediurea (EDU) on ozone-induced acceleration of foliar senescence in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of the anti-ozonant ethylenediurea (EDU) and chronic ozone (O3) exposure on leaf physiology and senescence in an O3-sensitive potato cultivar (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Norland). A dose-response experiment showed that an EDU concentration of 15 mg l(-1) soil (given as a soil drench) provided complete protection from accelerated foliar senescence induced by exposure to 0.1 microl l(-1) O3 for 5 h day(-1) for 11 days. EDU doses of 45 and 75 mg active ingredient l(-1) soil also gave protection but were associated with symptoms of toxicity and delayed senescence. In further experiments, plants were given 0 or 15 mg EDU l(-1) soil and exposed to clean air or 0.1 microl l(-1) O3 for 5 h day(-1) for 14 days. Chronic O3 exposure in the absence of EDU resulted in accelerated foliar senescence, characterized by early declines in net photosynthesis and Rubisco quantity in O3-treated plants relative to controls. EDU in the presence of O3 gave complete protection against symptoms of accelerated senescence. Senescence was not delayed in plants that received EDU in the absence of O3, and no symptoms of EDU toxicity were evident. The results suggest that EDU-induced tolerance to O3 was not based on 'anti-senescent' properties of this anti-ozonant. 相似文献
747.
In this experiment, the impacts of pulp mill effluent irrigation, Fraser cottonwood (Populus deltoides 'Fraser') seedlings, and pulp sludge and manure soil amendments on sodium accumulation and distribution in the soil profile were evaluated during a 6 month greenhouse study. Sludge soil amendments and wastewater irrigation did not reduce stem biomass production of the cottonwood. Increased stem biomass production associated with manure soil amendments resulted in greater total uptake of sodium into stem material. This uptake was 0.002% of wastewater sodium inputs. In containers with seedlings, sodium concentrations were less in the surface horizon and more in the lower horizons than in containers with no seedlings. Infiltration rates and total sodium accumulation in the soil profile were not affected by the presence of Fraser cottonwood or the application of sludge or manure amendments to soil. 相似文献
748.
Skelly JM Fredericksen TS Savage JE Snyder KR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1996,94(2):235-240
Ambient concentrations of ozone (O(3)) and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) were measured at locations from the forest floor to the top of the canopy in a deciduous forest at the Moshannon State Forest in northcentral Pennsylvania. O(3) concentrations were measured from May-September for three years (1993-1995) while CO(2) concentrations were measured only during July and August of 1994. O(3) concentrations increased steadily during the day at all locations, peaking during the middle to late afternoon hours. O(3) concentrations then steadily declined to their lowest point, just before dawn. Vertical O(3) concentration gradients varied seasonally and among years. However, O(3) concentrations were highest within the forest canopy and lowest at the forest floor, with an average difference of approximately 13%. Differences in O(3) concentrations between the canopy and forest floor were greatest at night. O(3) concentrations were slightly higher at locations within the canopy than above the canopy. CO(2) concentrations were consistenly higher near the forest floor and were higher above the canopy than within the canopy. CO(2) concentrations were higher at night than during the day at all locations, especially near the forest floor. 相似文献
749.
Sequential extraction analysis of heavy metals using a chelating agent (NTA) to counteract resorption 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The geochemical partitioning of Pb, Ni and Zn in contaminated quartz-rich sediment and soil samples was characterized by sequential extraction analysis in the presence and absence of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA). With NTA, levels of metals recovered are higher in the earlier steps and lower in the later steps of the procedure. This suggests that post-extraction resorption is effectively counteracted by chelation, thereby improving the accuracy of the method. An NTA concentration of 200 mg liter(-1) appears to be sufficient for counteracting resorption without causing significant dissolution of non-targeted phases in the samples studied. However, experiments using reference materials spiked with solutions containing Pb, Ni, Cu and Zn suggest that resorption will remain a problem when large amounts of strong sorbents such as organic matter are present. The results also show that although post-extraction resorption does occur in the absence of NTA, the magnitude of resorption is small (<20 to 30% of the summed total of metal present in the sample) in quartz-rich sediments. 相似文献
750.
Pandurangappa M Balasubramanian N 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1996,94(3):255-260
An extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of hydrogen sulphide after fixing the gas in triethanolamine (TEA)-zinc acetate-sodium hydroxide solution is described. The method is based on the reaction of iodate with hydrogen sulphide in the presence of acid and excess chloride ion leading to the formation of ICl2- species which is used to iodinate 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein to form 2',7'-dichloro-4',5'-diiodofluorescein. The iodinated product formed is extracted into an organic solvent and sensitized by equilibrating with a cationic surfactant, cetrimide, in the presence of acetate buffer (pH 5.9 +/- 0.1). The colour system obeys Beer's law over the range 0-1 microg of hydrogen sulphide and the relative standard deviation is 2.4% for 10 determinations at 0.75 microg of hydrogen sulphide. The effect of interfering gases on the determination is discussed. The proposed absorbing solution has been evaluated using a hydrogen sulphide permeation device. This absorbing solution has an absorption efficiency of > 93% at a flow rate of 1.5 litre min(-1) for a sampling period of 2 h. The fixed H2S is stable for 40 days. The method has been applied to determine residual H2S levels in a laboratory fume hood and in the vicinity of sewage pumping station. The method can be used to determine as little as 0.05 microg of hydrogen sulphide. 相似文献