Novel functional fiber loaded with carbon dots for the deep removal of Cr(VI) by adsorption and photocatalytic reduction

A novel functional fiber (PAN-CDs) loaded with carbon dots (CDs) with excellent photoreduction and adsorption properties for Cr(VI) was prepared via an amidization reaction between the CDs' carboxyl groups and amine groups on polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based ion exchange fibers, which could completely preserve the fluorescence properties of the CDs. The photoluminescence (PL), photocatalysis and adsorption properties of PAN-CDs were characterized and analyzed. The PAN-CDs possess high adsorption capacity (297.6?mg/g) and excellent kinetic behavior (attaining adsorption equilibrium in 30?min) for Cr(VI) adsorption. Furthermore, the residual Cr(VI) (approximately 3?mg/L) after adsorption could be removed completely by subsequent photoreduction by the PAN-CDs. The Cr-saturated PAN-CDs could be easily separated by filtering and regenerated, with no observable decay of removal efficiency after five regeneration cycles. In addition, due to the PL quenching action of Cr(VI), the PAN-CDs can also be used as sensor for quantitative detection of trace Cr(VI) in aqueous solution.     

Dispersion of carbon dioxide released from buried high-pressure pipeline over complex terrain

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To quantitatively assess the risks associated with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, a better understanding of the dispersion...     

基于储层非均质的水淹水窜风险评价

水淹和水窜是油田在水驱开发时常见的安全问题,储层非均质性是引起水淹和水窜的主要原因之一。为研究储层非均质性对于水淹水窜的作用,通过层次聚类分析法建立储层非均质综合指数关系式,并将其转化为水淹水窜风险概率,把水淹水窜风险概率进行分级,以此判断非均质性对于水淹水窜的作用。以BD油田阜二段第三砂层组为例进行水淹水窜风险评估,结果表明:研究区非均质性严重,水淹水窜风险概率均大于80%,储层非均性极容易导致油田在注水开发时发生水淹水窜。该区在注水开发时需要重视工艺设计与防护措施,以降低水淹水窜风险。     

液柱塔喷浆管道设计与优化

为了研究喷淋液柱吸收塔喷浆管道的喷嘴喷射流量以及液柱高度,对喷浆管道的流场进行了研究。采用基于计算流体力学的Fluent软件平台,对某电厂2×360MW机组液柱脱硫塔喷浆管建立数学物理模型。采用基于有限体积法的SIMPLE算法进行计算,计算对比了不同结构喷浆管各喷嘴对应的液柱高度分布以及流量分布,得到了最优化的液柱塔喷浆管道结构,并根据计算结果指导设计。     

Impacts of algal blooms removal by chitosan-modified soils on zooplankton community in Taihu Lake, China

It is important to assess the e ect on zooplankton when perform the environmental protection or restoration technology, especially removing algal blooms, because algae were the major primary producer in algal lakes. The influence on zooplankton community after half a year of algal blooms removed by chitosan-modified soils in Taihu Lake was assessed and the rationality of carrying out the process semiannually was evaluated in the present study. Morphological composition and genetic diversity of zooplankton community were investigated by microscope checkup and polymerase chain reaction-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). A total of 44 zooplankton taxa (23 protozoa, 17 rotifers, 3 copepoda and 1 cladocera) were detected by microscope checkup, and a total of 91 bands (28 bands amplified by primers F1427-GC and R1616, 63 bands amplified by primers Fung-GC and NS1) were detected by PCR-DGGE. The results of cluster analysis or detrended correspondence analysis indicated that there was no considerable di erence in morphological composition of zooplankton and DGGE profiles between experimental and control sites, and DGGE profiles could represent the biologic diversity. The study showed that zooplankton community could recover original condition after half year of algal blooms removed by chitosan-modified soils and it was acceptable to apply this process semiannually. In addition, the results revealed that PCR-DGGE could be applied to investigate the impacts of the environmental protection or restoration engineering on zooplankton community diversity.     

旅游发展总体规划环境影响评价指标体系研究

评价指标体系在规划环评中起着评价框架的作用,可以借助于指标体系全面地研究旅游发展总体规划环评.由于规划方案与各种环境影响之间的因果关系、数量关系不明确,旅游发展总体规划环评在收集定量数据、进行定量预测时可能会遇到极大的困难,所以不适合采用＂以本底为导向＂SEA体系.受到定位学派战略形成理论的较大影响,旅游发展总体规划制定者通常的思考程序是先确立规划目标后再确定规划方案.如果从构建可持续发展目标入手,能够更容易让战略制定者从环境、社会方面去考虑战略方案.根据旅游发展总体规划主观性较强的特点,文章认为适宜采用＂以目标为导向＂SEA体系进行规划环评。     

臭氧催化氧化处理化学镀镍废水

采用臭氧催化氧化工艺处理化学镀镍废水,以Fe2O3-TiO2-MnO2/A12O3作为臭氧催化剂,考察了不同反应条件下臭氧催化氧化对化学镀镍废水的影响。结果表明,在初始pH为9,臭氧投加量为300 mg·L-1,反应时间为60 min的最佳反应条件下,水中COD可从532 mg·L-1下降至285 mg·L-1,去除率达到46.4%。臭氧催化氧化对化学镍具有较好的破络效果,在初始pH为9,臭氧投加量为200 mg·L-1,反应为60 min后进行混凝过滤,水中镍的去除率可达到86.7%。紫外全波段扫描分析发现,经臭氧催化氧化后,各波段的吸收峰均有大幅度下降,位于254 nm和320 nm处的吸收峰基本消失,说明水中的苯环类物质和共轭结构被破坏。经臭氧催化氧化后,废水的生物毒性大幅降低,废水的可生化性提高,出水B/C由原来的0.12提高到0.36,为后续进一步生化处理提供了条件。     

Occurrence and risk assessment of antidepressants in Huangpu River of Shanghai,China

Antidepressants are gaining public attention because of increasing reports of their occurrence in environment and their potential impact on ecosystems and human health. Continuous input of pharmaceuticals into rivers, through psychiatric hospital or wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs) effluent, may cause adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystems of the receiving water bodies. This work investigates the occurrence and sources of 8 antidepressants in main stream and tributaries of Huangpu River in Shanghai. The detected concentrations of the selected antidepressants ranged from low nanogram per liter to 42.9 ng L^?1 (fluoxetine) in main stream and ranged from low nanogram per liter to 33.7 ng L^?1 (fluoxetine) in tributaries. To study the effect of hospital or wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on environment, the upstream and downstream samples were analyzed. Generally, antidepressants had greater concentrations in downstream than that in upstream of the WWTPs or hospitals. It is suggesting that WWTPs and hospitals may introduce pollution into water environment. A preliminary risk assessment was conducted: none of the eight target compounds yielded risk quotient (RQ) values more than 0.1, thus indicating that no adverse effect is expected in water environment. These results will provide background data for future antidepressants pollution control and management in Shanghai, China.     

1980-2009年期间黑龙江省玉米低温冷害年判定

将黑龙江省玉米种植区分为东、西、南、北、中5个区域,并在5个区域中选取24个气象站作为研究对象,利用逐日气象资料和玉米发育期资料,考虑玉米各发育阶段对温度的不同需求,建立具有气象、农学和生物学意义的玉米低温冷害综合指标。结果表明:1980-2009年间,黑龙江省共发生了14次玉米低温冷害,其中1987年冷害严重;以每10年进行比较,冷害的发生频次和程度都呈下降趋势。近30年来,冷害程度具有明显的区域差异,北部重于中部,中部重于南部;冷害频次上呈现北部最多,中部次之,南部最少的特点。     

Determination of picogram quantities of chlortoluron in soil samples by luminol–chitosan chemiluminescence system

Based on the enhancing effect of chitosan (CS) on luminol-dissolved oxygen chemiluminescence (CL) reaction, a flow injection (FI) luminol–CS CL system was established. It was found that the increase of CL intensity was proportional to the concentrations of CS ranging from 0.7 to 10.0 μmol l^?1. In the presence of chlortoluron (CTU), the CL intensity of luminol–CS system could be obviously inhibited and the decrements of CL intensity were linearly proportional to the logarithm of CTU concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 70.0 ng ml^?1, giving the limit of detection 3.0 pg ml^?1 (3σ). At a flow rate of 2.0 ml min^?1, the whole process including sampling and washing could be accomplished within 36 s, offering a sample throughput of 100 h^?1. The proposed FI–CL method was successfully applied to the determination of CTU in soil samples with recoveries ranging from 95.0 % to 105.3 % and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 4.0 %.