雁荡山自然景观的科学价值

雁荡山是一座白垩纪复活破火山，经断裂切割抬升而成为典型性的破火山立体模型。它向人们展示了破火山内部的各种地质要素和各类岩石的相互关系，提供了破火山喷发产物与中央侵入体有直接联系的证据。涵盖了流纹质岩浆火山爆发、喷溢、侵出、侵入等的完整过程，堪称流纹质火山岩类的天然博物馆。雁荡山不仅显现了白垩纪时期亚洲大陆边缘复活型破火山形成与演化的地质过程，而且是古太平洋伊泽奈奇（ｌｚａｎａｑｉ）板块向亚洲大陆俯冲、壳幔深部作用的一种地表标志性展示。雁荡山破火山的奇特景观代表着东亚亚热带滨海山岳地质生态模式、奇特优秀的自然景观、具普遍意义的杰出科学价值和浓厚的民族山水文化，三者交融在一起，构成了雁荡山所特有的世界上独一无二的、兼符自然与文化双重标准的自然遗产。     

Sediment environmental capacity of 137Cs in Daya Bay

Sediment environmental capacity of pollutants is very important for marine environmental management. Based on the methodology of a study on water, soil environmental capacity, and mass conservation theory in a system, the concept and model on sediment environmental capacity for ¹³⁷Cs in Daya Bay were developed. The static capacity for ¹³⁷Cs in the upper sediment near the shore at a shallow area was calculated, and the annual dynamic capacity and total dynamic capacity were also calculated through determination of the typical biomass in the sediment. The results showed that the estimated environmental capacity for ¹³⁷Cs in sediments was approximately equal to the current input of ¹³⁷Cs into the sediments. Controlling the input of ¹³⁷Cs in the sediments within the environmental capacity guarantees the sustainability of the current situation of the Daya Bay ecosystem and avoidance of a significant degradation of the system. Translated from Research of Environmental Sciences, 2005, 18(3): 11–14 [译自: 环境科学研究]     

从含油污泥中回收油技术的研究

研究从某炼厂含油污泥中回收油的问题，分析结果表明：此种油污泥含油率46.7％、含水率51.2％、含砂率1.7％。实验中分别研究了离心法、热滤法的回收油效果。最终以热滤法实现了油回收率95％、脱水率99%。确定了以热滤法作为该含油污泥回收油的方法。     

A regional environmental information system for analyzing and predicting the impacts of nonferrous mining on an agricultural environment

Mineral exploitation is a necessary component of China's economic development goals. Such exploitation brings with it the potential for serious environmental degradation. Careful environmental impact assessments of mining projects are required in order to implement China's environmental protection law and identify measures for protecting surrounding agricultural environments. This article describes an environmental information system that has been developed for the purpose of assisting with the environmental impact assessment of nonferrous mining operations with a particular focus on agricultural impacts. An application of the environmental information system to the Yongping copper mine, located in Jiangxi Province, is discussed. The role of the environmental information system is analyzing and predicting soil contamination from heavy metals and other types of impacts from this mining operation is described. The environmental information system is designed for implementation on an IBM PC/XT microcomputer. The experience gained from the Yongping copper mine application and the growing popularity of microcomputers in China indicate a significant potential for the effective use of a microcomputer-based environmental information system in other parts of China.     

纳米RuO2－TiO2光电催化处理农药废水研究

采用自制的负载型纳米RuO₂－TiO₂光催化剂对农药厂生产废水进行光电催化降解试验。考察了煅烧时间、催化剂用量、光辐照强度、电流密度、废水初始pH值和反应时间对废水COD和色度去除率的影响。结果表明，自制光催化剂光电催化性能显著，最佳光电催化活性是同样降解条件下、同样含量的Degussa P－25 TiO₂的1.38倍，是Ru_0.3Ti_0.7O₂的1.81倍。其COD和色度去除率分别为64.3%和95.2%。     

热碱水溶液清洗－气浮分离对原油污染土壤的处理

针对落地原油的回收及土壤污染治理问题，提出了用热碱水溶液清洗－气浮分离的处理方法，获得了比较理想的结果。实验中考察了清洗过程的反应温度、清洗时间、液固比、碱浓度及气浮温度和气浮时间等各种影响因素，得到了适宜的处理工艺条件。在此处理条件下，可使含稠油１２．５％的模拟含油土壤的油去除率达到９２．５％～９３．５％，土壤中残留含量降至０．９％～１．０％．提出的处理方法，能原消耗较低，碱剂费用仅为７元／ｔ（ｔ土）左右，且可以回收洗脱出来的原油。     

一条断层的活动性鉴定及其工程意义

拟建中的某工程场址经工程地质勘探和基础开挖发现一规模较大的北西向断层.本文通过对该断层的地貌形态、断层面宏观结构、断层带内物质的显微构造分析以及第四纪地层的~(14)C测年,对该断层进行了活动性鉴定,并提出了工程设计应注意的问题.     

纳米RuO2-TiO2光电催化处理农药废水研究

采用自制的负载型纳米RuO2-TiO2光催化剂对农药厂生产废水进行光电催化降解试验.考察了煅烧时间、催化剂用量、光辐照强度、电流密度、废水初始pH值和反应时间对废水COD和色度去除率的影响.结果表明,自制光催化剂光电催化性能显著,最佳光电催化活性是同样降解条件下、同样含量的Degussa P-25 TiO2的1.38倍,是Ru0.3Ti07O2的1.81倍.其COD和色度去除率分别为64.3%和95.2%.     

溴系阻燃剂毒理效应的计算模拟预测与环境风险评估进展

溴系阻燃剂(brominated flame retardants,BFRs)作为生产和使用量巨大的有机阻燃剂,在环境介质和生物体内被广泛检出。BFRs及其代谢产物会对生物体造成神经毒性、遗传毒性、发育毒性及内分泌干扰效应等,环境和健康风险得到日益广泛的关注。国内外学者通过最小二乘法(LS)和类似马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗算法(AMCMC)等统计分析方法建立了BFRs在环境中转化和归趋的预测模型,采用分子对接、分子动力学模拟和定量结构-活性关系(QSAR)模型等方法分析了BFRs及其代谢产物毒性作用的微观机制。综合近年来国内外的相关研究,发现BFRs的结构(取代基的类型和数量)会影响其环境行为和毒理效应,在总结研究成果的基础上,对BFRs的生态和健康风险进行评估,为其未来的研究和发展方向提供参考。