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101.
102.
秦皇岛市天然矿泉水水质特征及开发利用前景研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
秦皇岛市天然矿泉水主要赋存在早太古代的花岗岩和变质岩的构造裂隙与风化裂隙之中,有锶、偏硅酸、锶及偏硅酸、锶溴及偏硅酸等4种类型。矿泉水水源地数量较多,水质优良,但开采程度较低,开发利用前景广阔。 相似文献
103.
采用膜电解法对废丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)电镀件进行退镀处理。以退镀废液作为阴极液和阳极液,在阳极室退镀ABS电镀件,在阴极室电解退镀废液,进行铜镍分离,回收铜粉和NiCl2。实验结果表明:在阴极电流密度为500 A/m2、初始铜离子质量浓度为24.00 g/L的条件下电解160 min,阴极铜回收率可达97.65%,电流效率达86.60%,得到的铜粉纯度为97%~99%,处理1 L退镀废液可回收铜粉20.0 g,2 mol/L盐酸0.87 L,NiCl2晶体43.8 g;在阳极电流密度为500 A/m2、液固比为6的条件下电解60 min, ABS电镀件的退镀率为77.22%。 相似文献
104.
Shipeng Dong Liang Mao Siqiang Luo Lei Zhou Yiping Feng Shixiang Gao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(3):2358-2366
Concentrations of aqueous-phase nonylphenol (NP), a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical, are shown to be reduced effectively via reaction with lignin peroxidase (LiP) or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and hydrogen peroxide. We systematically assessed their reaction efficiencies at varying conditions, and the results have confirmed that the catalytic performance of LiP toward NP was more efficient than that of HRP under experimental conditions. Mass spectrum analysis demonstrated that polymerization through radical–radical coupling mechanism was the pathway leading to NP transformation. Our molecular modeling with the assistance of ab initio suggested the coupling of NP likely proceeded via covalent bonding between two NP radicals at their unsubstituted carbons in phenolic rings. Data from acute immobilization tests with Daphnia confirm that NP toxicity is effectively eliminated by LiP/HRP-catalyzed NP removal. The findings in this study provide useful information for understanding LiP/HRP-mediated NP reactions, and comparison of enzymatic performance can present their advantages for up-scale applications in water/wastewater treatment. 相似文献
105.
Foliar uptake of airborne lead is one of the pathways for Pb accumulation in plant organs. However, the approximate contributions of airborne Pb to plant organs are still unclear. In the present study, aerosols (nine-stage size-segregated aerosols and total suspended particulates), a wild plant species (Aster subulatus) and the corresponding soils were collected and Pb contents and isotopic ratios in these samples were analyzed. Average concentration of Pb was 96.5 ± 63.5 ng m−3 in total suspended particulates (TSP) and 20.4 ± 5.5 ng m−3 in the fine fractions of size-segregated aerosols (SSA) (<2.1 μm), higher than that in the coarser fractions (>2.1 μm) (6.38 ± 3.71 ng m−3). Enrichment factors show that aerosols and soils suffered from anthropogenic inputs and the fine fractions of the size-segregated aerosols enriched more Pb than the coarse fractions. The order of Pb contents in A. subulatus was roots > leaves > stems. The linear relationship of Pb isotope ratios (206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) among soil, plant and aerosol samples were found. Based on the simple binary Pb isotopic model using the mean 206Pb/207Pb ratios in TSP and in SSA, the approximate contributions of airborne Pb into plant leaves were 72.2% and 65.1%, respectively, suggesting that airborne Pb is the most important source for the Pb accumulation in leaves. So the combination of Pb isotope tracing and the simple binary Pb isotope model can assess the contribution of airborne Pb into plant leaves and may be of interest for risk assessment of the exposure to airborne Pb contamination. 相似文献
106.
Zhang Y Wu JP Luo XJ Wang J Chen SJ Mai BX 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(12):3647-3652
Information on tissue distribution of Dechlorane Plus (DP) and its dechlorinated analogs in wildlife is scarce. DP isomers and two dechlorinated compounds, anti-Cl11-DP and anti-Cl10-DP, were examined in the muscle, liver, and brain tissues of two bottom fish species collected from an electronic waste recycling site, South China. The median levels of syn-, anti-, and anti-Cl11-DP isomers in the tissues ranged 0.18-39.1, 0.22-52.9, and 0.01-5.63 ng/g wet wt, respectively. Anti-Cl10-DP was only detected in one muscle sample of mud carp (0.01 ng/g wet wt), although it was consistently detected in the sediments (0.42-0.83 ng/g dry wt). Preferential distribution in liver relative to muscle was observed for syn-DP and anti-Cl11-DP. However, a high persistent retention in the brain compared to the liver was observed for anti-DP, suggesting that this isomer can across the blood-brain barrier of fish, and may cause adverse effects to the nervous system in the exposed biota. 相似文献
107.
Zhang XL Luo XJ Liu J Luo Y Chen SJ Mai BX 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(4):556-565
Purpose
Birds have been used successfully for biomonitoring of the levels and effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environments; however, there is exceedingly little data on organochlorinated pesticide (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) residues in bird inhabiting in China. In the present study, we detected the concentrations of PCBs, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in muscle, liver and kidney of birds that inhabit in an e-waste recycling site. Associated with the stable isotope ratio (δ 15N), we investigated the effect of trophic level on the body burdens of persistent contaminants in birds. The tissue distributions of contaminants in these birds were examined, and a preliminary risk assessment was also conducted. 相似文献108.
Cao ZJ Lu D Luo LS Deng YX Bian YG Zhang XQ Zhou MH 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,19(7):2690-2696
Purpose
Feathers are one of the most abundant bioresources. They are discarded as waste in most cases and could cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, keratin constituted by amino acids is the main component of feathers. In this article, we reported on biorefined feathers and integrants and application of degraded products.Materials and methods
The fermentation of whole chicken feathers with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia DHHJ in a scale-up of a 5-L bioreactor was investigated in this article. The fermentation process was controlled at 0.08 MPa pressure, 2.5 L/min airflow, and 300 rpm as 100% oxygen saturation level, 40°C, and pH 7.8.Results
Feathers were almost completely degraded in the tested fermentation reaction with the following conditions: 80 g of whole feathers in 3 L fermentation broth for 72 h, seed age of 16 h, 100 mL inoculation amount, and 50% oxygen saturation level. The degraded products contain 397.1 mg/L soluble protein that has mass weight ranging from 10 to 160 kD, 336.9 mg/L amino acids, and many kinds of metal ions. The fermentation broth was evaluated as leaf fertilizer and found to increase plant growth to 82% or 66% for two- or fourfold dilutions, respectively. In addition, in a hair care assay, the broth showed a hair protective function by increasing weight, flexibility, and strength of the treated hair.Conclusions
The whole feathers were degraded completely by S. maltophilia DHHJ. The degraded product includes many factors to life, such as peptides, amino acids, and mineral elements. It could be applied as leaf fertilizer and hair care product. 相似文献109.
Due to the wide occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment, it is much of importance to develop high throughput screening method for the analysis of this kind of pollutants. Using anion-exchange membrane chromatography, vitellogenin (VTG) from the plasma of 17β-estradiol (E2) treated Chinese rare minnow was rapidly purified within 15 min. Both polyclonal antibody (PcAb) and monoclonal antibody (McAb) against rare minnow VTG (R-VTG) were prepared in rabbit and Balb/c mice, respectively. The competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) based on either PcAb or McAb were developed to identify and quantify R-VTG in the plasma, and these two methods showed similar characteristics. The detection limits of both assays were lower than 3 ng mL−1 with the working ranges covering three magnitudes. The recovery efficiencies of PcAb and McAb based ELISA were 104.2% and 102.6%, respectively; and the intra-assay and inter-assay of these two assays were 6.2% and 9.2%, 8.6% and 12.8%, respectively. These results indicated that the described competitive ELISA methods were sensitive and valuable tools for quantifying vitellogenin in rare minnow plasma. These methods were then applied to measure R-VTG concentrations in plasma of male fish exposed to a series of E2 concentrations. When E2 levels were less than 10 ng L−1, R-VTG levels in plasma were comparable to that in solvent control, while R-VTG levels significantly increased 15-folds and 350-folds, respectively when E2 exposure concentrations were controlled at 10 and 50 ng L−1. The high sensitivity of Chinese rare minnow to E2 was demonstrated, making it a valuable model species to study environmental estrogens. 相似文献
110.