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241.
This work examined how adding one of three polyelectrolyte flocculants (T3052: cationic, T2000: non-ionic, and T1052: anionic) affected the anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge. Methane production, floc characteristics (morphology and zeta-potential) and process parameters (soluble chemical oxygen demands (SCODs) and reductive potentials) were monitored along the digestion tests. The digestion rates of T2000- and T1052-conditioned sludge resembled that for original sludge. The T3052-flocculated sludge generated methane at a higher rate during the first 6 days of digestion than did the original one. In the following stage, the digestion rate of sludge flocculated with T3052 at dosage exceeding 15 g/kg dried solids declined. For example, at 40 days of digestion the methane production amounts for original, 15 g/kg DS flocculated, and 40 g/kg flocculated sludge were of 136, 105, and 85 g/kg DS, respectively. The role of flocculants could change in different stages of digestion.The dosed polymers had no apparent toxicity to the inoculum used. The changes in SCOD, adenosintriphosphate concentrations, oxidative and reductive potential, and zeta-potentials did not correlate with the noted hindered digestion for T3052-conditioned sludge. Microphotographic observation revealed that the flocs of T3052-conditioned sludge were not only of a large size, but also were resistant to structural deterioration during digestion. Therefore, mass transfer resistance was proposed to account for the hindered digestion efficiency observed for T3052-conditioned sludge. 相似文献
242.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the PCDD/Fs patterns in ambient air based on data information emitted from incinerator generated from ambient air measurements and those in serum. Four circular zones, namely A, B, C, and D, were identified based on simulated ambient annual average PCDD/Fs concentrations, from a selected municipal waste incinerator. Sixteen ambient samples were taken from the 4 circular zones across 4-seasons. Eighty-nine volunteers were recruited according to the demographic distribution within each zone. PCDD/Fs profiles were documented both for air and serum samples collected. Comparing to the congener patterns from ambient air and serum samples, we found that OCDD, OCDF, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were the predominant groups among 17 congeners from both the ambient air and serum sample. And, factor analysis showed the distribution patterns of PCDD/Fs from ambient air and serum samples are almost identical across different zones, except for congener patterns of serum samples from residents in zone C. In addition, the average PCDD/Fs level significantly reduced for about 10 folds than those of the other three seasons when the incinerator was shut down in one of sampling periods. We might conclude that ambient air exposure was the most important contributor to PCDD/Fs levels in ambient air but not the single in serum. Therefore, another or more powerful source, such as occupational exposure, dietary intake or the consumption of local food, should be further investigated at the same time. 相似文献
243.
244.
Bing Yan Jingzhou Wang Jianbo Ji Dujia Wang Xiujiao Pan Haiyan Xiong Chengjun Li Yiguo Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):451-461
Inflammation is a major adverse outcome induced by inhaled particulate matter with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and a critical trigger of most PM2.5 exposure-associated diseases. However, the key molecular events regulating the PM2.5-induced airway inflammation are yet to be elucidated. Considering the critical role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in regulating inflammation, we predicted 11 circRNAs that may be involved in the PM2.5-induced airway inflammation using three previously reported miRNAs through the starBase website. A novel circRNA circ_0008553 was identified to be responsible for the PM2.5-activated inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) via inducing oxidative stress. Using a combinatorial model PM2.5 library, we found that the synergistic effect of the insoluble core and loaded Zn2+ ions at environmentally relevant concentrations was the major contributor to the upregulation of circ_0008553 and subsequent induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in response to PM2.5 exposures. Our findings provided new insight into the intervention of PM2.5-induced adverse outcomes. 相似文献
245.
活性炭纤维(ACF)电极法处理染料废水的探讨 总被引:40,自引:4,他引:40
根据Advanced Chemical Oxidation^[1][6]的原理,通过ACF电极的引入,使得电化学处理成为一个自由基反应与絮凝反应相结合的过程,对于多种模拟印染废水可以具有良好的处理效果。通过与其他方法的对比实验,表明在色度去除率方面不比Fenton试剂法逊色,并明显优于絮凝法。经过单级处理,对于实验范围内的还原染料、酸性染料、活性染料及硫化染料,其脱色率全部大于90%,大多数为98 相似文献
246.
247.
生物膜填料床内废气净化的理论模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了废气生物净化技术的基本原理,并对废气生物净化技术中的生物过滤法和生物滴滤法的理论模型研究进展进行了综述,探讨了理有理论模型存在的主要问题。 相似文献
248.
Wenjuan Liao Hao-Jie Cui Yaqi Ning Cong Wu Wei Peng Dong Cheng Lichu Yin Weijun Zhou 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):688-698
It has been documented that organic contaminants can be degraded by hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) produced by the activation of H2 O2 by Fe(II)-bearing clay. However, the interfacial electron transfer reactions between structural Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation and its effects on contaminant remediation are unclear. In this study, we first investigated the relation between • OH generation sites and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation by activating H2O2 using nontronite with different reduction extents. SMX (5.2–16.9 μmol/L) degradation first increased and then decreased with an increase in the reduction extent of nontronite from 22% to 62%, while the • OH production increased continually. Passivization treatment of edge sites and structural variation results revealed that interfacial electron transfer reactions between Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 occur at both the edge and basal plane. The enhancement on basal plane interfacial electron transfer reactions in a high reduction extent rNAu-2 leads to the enhancement on utilization efficiencies of structural Fe(II) and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation.However, the • OH produced at the basal planes is less efficient in oxidizing SMX than that of at edge sites. Oxidation of SMX could be sustainable in the H 2 O 2 /rNAu-2 system through chemically reduction. The results of this study show the importance role of • OH generation sites on antibiotic degradation and provide guidance and potential strategies for antibiotic degradation by Fe(II)-bearing clay minerals in H 2 O 2 -based treatments. 相似文献
249.
Model calculating annual mean atmospheric dispersion factor for coastal site of nuclear power plant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
HU Er-bang YAO Ren-tai ZHANG Mao-shuan GAO Zhan-rong WANG Shu-xian CHEN Jia-yi JIA Pei-rong Liao Qi-lin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2001,13(3):280-290
IntroductionAnatmospheredispersionfieldexperimentwasdoneonthecoastalsiteofnuclearpowerplant (NPP)intheeastpartofChinaduring 1995— 1996 Thecontentofthisexperimentincludes:hourlyobservationofwindandtemperatureonthetowerof10 0m ;Observationofsurfacewindandseeandl… 相似文献
250.
利用芬顿和光-芬顿工艺降解垃圾渗滤液纳滤浓缩液中的难降解有机物。起始pH值5.0及较低H_2O_2/Fe~(2+)投加量时,芬顿法的氧化-絮凝作用可以去除70%以上的COD。采用芬顿氧化-絮凝和光-芬顿组合工艺处理不同浓度纳滤浓缩液时,H_2O_2/Fe~(2+)投加量为35 m M/8 m M和90 m M/10 m M时均可实现90%的COD和TOC去除率;组合工艺出水COD为112~160 mg/L,BOD/COD为0.35~0.43。纳滤浓缩液中检出的13种多环芳烃经过组合工艺处理后的总去除率均约在90%。 相似文献