伊犁河流域林业生态科技示范区建设对生态服务价值的影响

采用生态系统服务价值计算方法,估算伊犁河流域林业生态科技示范区建设前后生态服务价值变化.结果显示:草地退化前,示范区生态服务价值为64.0万元·a-1;近几十年由于超载过牧草地,生物量明显下降,2003年生态服务价值降至45.9万元.示范区建设以后,生态服务价值显著提高.与草地退化前相比,2006年生态服务价值增长64.5%;与草地退化后相比,生态服务价值增长129.2%,主要由生态服务间接利用价值提供.表明伊犁河流域林业生态科技示范区建设提升了该区生态服务价值,生态经济效益显著.     

白腐菌和红平红球菌共固定化处理增塑剂废水

以赭曲霉死菌丝体为载体,吸附红平红球菌(Rhodococcus erythropo lisNG0402)和白腐菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporiumM E-446)的混合物,用聚乙烯醇作包埋剂进行共固定化。用制备好的共固定化细胞处理增塑剂废水,连续运行19d的结果表明,共固定化处理增塑剂废水的效果远好于单一菌的效果。在pH7.0、溶解氧质量浓度3.0m g/L、水力停留时间25h的条件下,废水中苯酚、COD和色度的去除率连续15d达到了90%以上,对苯酚的去除能力为2.16kg/(m3.d)。     

人群聚集场所的风险评价技术研究

分析人群聚集场所事故产生的原因,提出人群聚集场所风险评价的方法。鉴于人群聚集场所的复杂性和不确定性因素较多,认为定性风险评价较为适合。并阐述定性风险评价技术的步骤和详细内容。     

硅酸镁/PES复合膜吸附材料的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附

采用共混法制备了硅酸镁/聚醚砜(PES)复合膜吸附材料,通过傅氏转换红外线光谱分析仪(FT-IR)和扫描式电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对膜的结构进行表征,研究了复合膜的吸附性能、机械性能和热稳定性。考察了时间、溶液平衡浓度和pH等对亚甲基蓝吸附的影响。结果表明,综合机械性能和吸附性能考虑,硅酸镁含量为19%时的复合膜最佳。25℃条件下,对亚甲基蓝的吸附6 h达到平衡,最大吸附量为1.85 mg/cm2;25℃条件下,弱酸或碱性条件时有利于复合膜对亚甲基蓝的吸附。     

Sustainability assessment of greenhouse vegetable farming practices from environmental,economic, and socio-institutional perspectives in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To provide growing population with sufficient food, greenhouse vegetable production has expanded rapidly in recent years in China and sustainability...     

市政污泥炭化处理技术研究进展

随着中国时污泥处理处置的要求越来越严格,与传统污泥处理技术相比,污泥炭化技术作为污泥减量化、无害化、资源化的有效处置方式,其优势越来越明显,将具有广阔的市场前景。文中介绍了污泥炭化技术的基本原理及国内外污泥炭化技术的研究进展,阐述了污泥炭化技术根据温度控制范围以及是否加压可分为高温炭化、中温炭化和低温炭化,分别介绍了三种炭化技术的技术特点,从设备运行条件和产品方面对三种炭化技术进行了比较,最后分析了炭化技术的发展趋势。     

毒死蜱工艺废水预处理研究

毒死蜱工艺废水中含有吡啶类衍生物,属高浓度、难降解有毒有机废水.采用电催化氧化-微电解-混凝沉淀组合工艺对毒死蜱工艺废水进行预处理研究,结果表明,当电催化氧化单元进水pH值为3～4、电流密度为14mA/cm2、主反应器HRT为150 min,微电解单元铁炭比1∶1、进水pH值为3～4、HRT为100 min时,COD,TP,TOC的去除率分别为32.49％,37.39％,51.4％;在电催化氧化单元COD去除率出现负值,表明废水中吡啶类物质被有效分解.高效液相色谱分析结果表明,该预处理工艺对废水中3,6,5-三氯吡啶醇有着很好的去除效果,去除率达到99.9％以上.GC--MS分析结果表明,该预处理工艺对废水中的3,6,5-三氯吡啶醇分解彻底.     

饮用水水源地水质监测预警管理信息系统开发与应用

结合饮用水水源地管理需求,设计开发包含在线监测、模拟分析、水质预警和风险应急等模块的饮用水水源地水质监测预警管理信息系统.本文介绍了该系统的功能设计.     

Machining efficiency of powder mixed near dry electrical discharge machining based on different material combinations of tool electrode and workpiece electrode

Powder mixed near dry electrical discharge machining (PMND-EDM) is a novel electrical discharge machining (EDM) process. It is proposed to further improve the machining efficiency of dry EDM. The principle of material removal in PMND-EDM is illustrated and its deionization principle is proposed. The influence of residual heat on MRR is analyzed. The concept of superfluous residual heat is proposed. The material removal rate (MRR), the main index of machining efficiency for PMND-EDM process, is researched. Single factor experiments are performed to get effect of peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time, flow rate, tool rotational speed, air pressure and powder concentration on MRR under different material combinations of tool electrode and workpiece electrode. Thermal phenomena in PMND-EDM are illustrated. Effect of each process parameter on MRR of PMND-EDM is gotten and analyzed based on the deionization principle of PMND-EDM. Differences in MRR under different material combinations are found out. Brass tool electrode and W18Cr4V workpiece gain higher MRR under most of discharge conditions, while the superiority of copper tool electrode and 45 carbon steel workpiece in MRR arise when there is improper heat dissipation. The difference is analyzed based on the deionization principle of PMND-EDM.     

Bacterial communities regulate temporal variations of the antibiotic resistome in soil following manure amendment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) represents a global threat to human health. Land application of animal manure is known...