Distribution, sources, and potential risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drinking water resources from Henan Province in middle of China

Distribution and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drinking water resources have been carried out for the first time in Henan Province, China. Water samples collected from four river systems and their tributaries, as well as groundwater resources, were analyzed according to EPA method 525.2. Total of 68 water samples were collected in 18 cities in Henan province in May, August and November, 2001. Concentrations of sum of 16 priority PAHs in water samples ranged from 15 to 844 ng/L with a mean value of 178 +/- 210 ng/L (n = 68). The spatial and temporal distribution of PAHs showed that the Huanghe and the Huaihe river systems had relatively higher concentrations of total PAHs. Higher concentrations of total PAHs were observed in August and November than in May, with respective mean values of 262, 232 and 33.6 ng/L. Ratios of Ant/(Ant + Phe) and Flur/(Flur + Pyr) were calculated to evaluate the possible sources of PAH contamination, which indicated that the coal combustion sources were the main contributors to PAHs in most drinking water resources. Some petrogenic (or pyrolytic) sources of PAHs were also found. The toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) were used to calculate benzo[a]pyrene equivalents (BaPE) for water samples. The average value of BaPE was 0.6 ng/L. The values in most stations were much lower than the guideline values in drinking water of Chinese Environmental Protection Agency (CEPA, 2.8 ng/L) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA, 200 ng/L). Overall, the drinking water resources in Henan province showed some carcinogenic potential.     

CS2在TiO2表面的多相光化学反应研究

本文运用原位漫反射红外光谱(DRIFTS)、GC、XPS等手段研究了CS2在大气半导体颗粒TiO2表面的多相光化学反应.结果表明在模拟太阳光照射下,低浓度的CS2(8.1 mg·m(-3))在TiO2:表面发生多相光化学反应,生成气态产物cos、H2S、SO2,进而在颗粒物表面生成硫酸盐.在氧气体积浓度为21%,氙灯照...     

Optimization of bio-drying of kitchen waste: inoculation,initial moisture content and bulking agents

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Bio-drying has been proved to be a promising method for treatment of MSW (municipal solid waste) and sewage sludge due to its high energy...     

Identification of sources of elevated concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an industrial area in Tianjin, China

The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry detector in 105 topsoil samples from an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in the North of China. Results demonstrated that concentrations of PAHs in 104 soil samples from this area ranged from 68.7 to 5,590 ng g^???1 dry weight with a mean of ∑16PAHs 814 ± 813 ng g^???1, which suggests that there exists mid to high levels of PAH contamination. The concentration of ∑16PAHs in one soil sample from Tianjin Port was exceptionally high (48,700 ng g^???1). Ninety-three of the 105 soil samples were considered to be contaminated with PAHs (>200 ng g^???1), and 25 were heavily polluted (>1,000 ng g^???1). The sites with high PAHs concentration are mainly distributed around chemical industry parks and near highways. Two low molecular weight PAHs, naphthalene and phenanthrene, were the dominant components in the soil samples, which accounted for 22.1% and 10.7% of the ∑16PAHs concentration, respectively. According to the observed molecular indices, house heating in winter, straw stalk combustion in open areas after harvest, and petroleum input were common sources of PAHs in this area, while factory discharge and vehicle exhaust were the major sources around chemical industrial parks and near highways. Biological processes were probably another main source of low molecular weight PAHs.     

基于GIS的重庆市城区环境质量评价

城区环境质量评价是环境评价的重要研究内容,但是目前关于城区环境质量评价指标体系与模型还不够完善,为此提出了城区环境质量评价的方法。该方法通过系统分析,建立城区环境质量评价指标体系,在此基础上,建立城区环境质量评价方法,并通过实例详细分析了城区环境质量评价方法的应用。     

一种新的快速测定水中COD的消化一分光光度法

探讨了在MnSO_4-CuSO_4复合催化剂、硫-磷混酸体系中,对样品进行恒温密封消解,用分光光度法测定溶液的COD值。实验得出测定化学需氧量的最佳条件:混酸H_2SO_4-H_3PO_4体积比为4:1,催化剂MnSO_4-CuSO_4质量比为1:2,MnSO_4-CuSO_4的总量为0．03g,消解温度为165℃,消解时间为15min。实验结果表明,此方法的测定结果与重铬酸钾法测定结果的相对误差≤5%,且有较好的重现性及较高的准确度与精密度。本法可同时消解多个试样,适用于大批量试样COD的测定,使试样的消解时间由标准法的2h缩短到了15min,同时用MnSO_4-CuSO_4复合催化剂代替价格昂贵的A_(g2)SO_4,大大降低了分析成本。     

设备滚动轴承损坏程度快速鉴定法

滚动轴承是设备中的易损件。介绍了鉴定滚动轴承损坏程度的快速鉴定方法,以决定是否更换轴承,从而降低了检修费用。     

邯钢焦化厂回收系统废气净化工艺的改进

介绍了邯钢焦化厂煤气回收系统废气净化工艺的操作情况及存在的问题,指出了改造后的净化工艺的特点和效果。     

危险废物风险评价与管理

从危险废物风险评价的基本含义人手,在讨论了危险废物风险评价应遵循的原则和评价依据基础上,就危险废物风险评价方法、评价内容和评价程序等内容进行了探讨。在参考相关参数和模型的基础上重点论述了危险废物风险评价参数的选择和模型。最后提到了危险废物风险评价的管理,提出了一种风险管理体系。     

石化储罐区安全监测技术研究

通过对石油储罐区的泄漏及火灾爆炸危险性分析,说明了安全监控系统的重要性,提出了储罐区需要监测的参数.在对监测参数进行分析的基础上,给出了对监测参数进行监测的传感器,并对传感器的原理进行了介绍.最后结合计算机监测的相关知识,设计出了用于石油储罐区的安全监控系统,并提出了一些增强可靠性的措施.