MATLAB在脱硫反应器设计中的应用

介绍了强大的数值分析软件ＭＡＴＬＡＢ在脱硫反应器设计中的应用。通过计算反应器内部静态电场,比较了线板式、线筒式、线线式反应器中的电场分布,从而可以选择较优的反应器结构。     

典型废弃物焚烧炉飞灰中溴代二噁英和呋喃的分析研究

采用溴代二噁英和呋喃(PBDD/F)的高分辨气相色谱/质谱联用(HRGC/HRMS)检测分析方法,对不同类型的焚烧炉(医疗废物焚烧炉、炉排炉生活垃圾焚烧炉、工业废物焚烧炉和流化床生活垃圾焚烧炉)飞灰进行了PBDD/Fs的分布特性分析.结果表明:(1)所有样品中均没有发现六溴代二噁英和呋喃,主要都以四、五溴代二噁英和呋喃...     

Membrane bioreactor technology: A novel approach to the treatment of compost leachate

Compost leachate forms during the composting process of organic material. It is rich in oxidizable organics, ammonia and metals, which pose a risk to the environment if released without proper treatment. An innovative method based on the membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was developed to treat compost leachate over 39 days. Water quality parameters, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were measured daily. Concentrations of caffeine and metals were measured over the course of the experiment using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) respectively. A decrease of more than 99% was achieved for a COD of 116 g/L in the initial leachate. Ammonia was decreased from 2720 mg/L to 0.046 mg/L, while the nitrate concentration in the effluent rose to 710 mg/L. The bacteria in the MBR system adjusted to the presence of the leachate, and increased 4 orders of magnitude. Heavy metals were removed by at least 82.7% except copper. These successful results demonstrated the membrane bioreactor technology is feasible, efficient method for the treatment of compost leachate.     

Cost-Effective Control of Ground-Level Ozone Pollution in and around Beijing

Abstract

Ground level ozone pollution has become a significant air pollution problem in Beijing. Because of the complex way in which ozone is formed, it is difficult for policy makers to identify optimal control options on a cost-effective basis. This paper identifies and assesses a range of options for addressing this problem. We apply the Ambient Least Cost Model and compare the economic costs of control options, then recommend the most effective sequence to realize pollution control at the lowest cost. The study finds that installing of Stage II gasoline vapor recovery system at Beijing’s 1446 gasoline stations would be the most cost-effective option. Overall, options to reduce ozone pollution by cutting vehicular emissions are much more cost-effective than options to “clean up” coal-fired power plants.     

School-based disaster risk reduction education in primary schools in Da Nang City,Central Vietnam

The concept of school-based disaster risk reduction (DRR) education has increasingly become popular as greater emphasis is placed on the role of schools in reducing risks and building the resilience of the education system. This paper discusses the variations in the implementation of DRR education among primary schools in different areas including urban, rural, mountainous, plain and coastal areas in Da Nang City, Central Vietnam. For rural schools, similarities in the implementation of DRR education are observed and schools in both rural plain and rural mountainous areas stress the provision of disaster-related training. In addition, improvement of school buildings and external relationship is important for the resilience of urban schools. Specifically, for schools in urban coastal areas, school location and structure are significant, while for schools in the urban plain lands, enhancement of collaboration with their community has the most potential to contribute to the resilience of a school. From that, this research proposes that leadership and prioritization are key factors in helping schools to manage internal and external resources to efficiently overcome challenges and effectively promote DRR education towards the enhancement of schools’ resilience.     

粉煤灰制备含硫絮凝剂的研究进展

介绍了粉煤灰的来源、数量、危害、主要成分及性质,简介了粉煤灰的综合利用情况;综述了以粉煤灰为主要原料制备含硫絮凝剂的工艺、方法等研究现状和在水处理中的应用效果;分析了该类絮凝剂处理污水的机理;对进一步有效开发利用粉煤灰提出了建议。     

基于MIDAS GTS/NX的文成县某边坡稳定性分析

以文成县某迁建工程边坡为研究对象,对该边坡工程地质概况进行调查,再基于MIDAS GTS/NX软件进行数值模拟,对该边坡在两种工况下的稳定性进行分析,得出在自然工况下边坡处于稳定状态,在降雨工况下边坡处于欠稳定状态的结论。根据结论对边坡采取预应力锚索措施加固,再对加固后的边坡模型进行相同条件下的数值模拟,模拟结果表明,加固后的边坡达到永久边坡设计要求。     

基于心理感知的铁路综合客运枢纽客流疏解预警研究*

为解决铁路综合客运枢纽客流疏解预警忽略旅客心理感知与焦虑问题,基于状态焦虑问卷,定量描述旅客焦虑状态,通过引入心理测量学中积极率划分客流疏解等级阈值,确定枢纽客流疏解预警等级,构建以旅客感知疏解时间为预警指标的回归预测模型。研究结果表明:模型可定量预测枢纽站各种交通接驳方式客流的感知疏解时间,准确描述枢纽站预警等级,研究结果可为管理人员选择相应疏解措施提供依据。     

Unintended nutrient imbalance induced by wastewater effluent inputs to receiving water and its ecological consequences

Eutrophication is the most widespread water quality issue globally. To date, most efforts to control eutrophication have focused on reductions of external nutrient inputs, yet importance of nutrient stoichiometry and subsequent shift in plankton composition in aquatic ecosystem has been largely neglected. To address eutrophication, improved sanitation is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, spurring the constructions of wastewater treatment facilities that have improved water quality in many lakes and rivers. However, control measures are often targeted at and effective in removing a single nutrient from sewage and thus are less effective in removing the others, resulting in the changes of nutrient stoichiometry. In general, more effective phosphorus removal relative to nitrogen has occurred in wastewater treatment leading to substantial increases in N/P ratios in effluent relative to the influent. Unfortunately, high N/P ratios in receiving waters can impose negative influences on ecosystems. Thus, long-term strategies for domestic wastewater management should not merely focus on the total reduction of nutrient discharge but also consider their stoichiometric balances in receiving waters.