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81.
污染物负荷对曝气生物滤池处理效果的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
考察了进水有机负荷和氨氮负荷对曝气生物滤池出水水质的影响.结果表明,系统COD、氨氮和TN的去除率随进水有机负荷的增加而下降,在氨氮为28.3~33.6 mg/L、TN为39.0~45.8 mg/L条件下,有机负荷小于3.53 kg/(ms3·d)时,出水COD、氨氮和TN分别小于50、5、15 mg/L,去除率分别在85%、85%和65%以上;氨氮和TN的去除率随氨氮负荷的增加而下降,在COD为287.6~313.4 mg/L、氨氮负荷小于0.56 kg/(m3·d)时,出水氨氮小于8 mg/L,去除率在85%以上,出水TN小于15mg/L,去除率在65%以上. 相似文献
82.
沸石改性及其去除水中氨氮的实验研究 总被引:13,自引:4,他引:9
通过实验研究了沸石改性条件及其对水中氨氮吸附去除的影响。结果表明,加热改性与无机酸改性不能显著提高沸石对氨氮的吸附量。利用NaOH改性的最佳浓度为1 mol/L,此条件下对氨氮吸附量可提高到650.68 mg/kg,为天然沸石的2.82倍。利用无机盐改性时,对氨氮吸附效果最好的是NaCl改性沸石,其次为KCl改性沸石与CaCl2改性沸石。随着NaCl溶液浓度和改性时间的增加,改性沸石对氨氮的吸附量显著增加,可达天然沸石的3~4倍;在NaCl浓度为150 g/L与改性时间为18 h条件下,改性沸石对氨氮吸附量可达887.35 mg/kg,为天然沸石的3.84倍。 相似文献
83.
采用浸渍法制备了CuCoOx/TiO2催化剂,考察了焙烧温度、反应温度、氧含量、NO浓度和空间速度对催化剂催化氧化NO性能的影响,并考察了催化剂的抗硫抗水性能。XRD、TPR和BET分析表明,350℃焙烧的催化剂具有CuCo2O4尖晶石结构,比表面积大,对NO的氧化效果好。在空速为5 000 h-1,NO进口浓度500 mg/m3,含氧量10%的条件下,反应温度300℃时NO转化率可达79.5%,250℃时NO转化率接近50%。该催化剂具有良好的单独抗SO2、抗H2O毒化性能,H2O和SO2同时存在时很快失活。该催化剂可用于不同时含H2O和SO2的含NO气体催化氧化后再吸收处理。 相似文献
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辽河油田稠油泥砂综合处理工艺的研究* 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
稠油污泥作为含油污泥的典型代表,其成分极为复杂、处理难度极大,由于目前国内外尚无成熟工艺可完全实现其"减量化、资源化、无害化处理",给油田生产和环境保护带来了严重影响。文章分析了稠油污泥的组成及性质,根据稠油污泥来源不同实施分类预处理,利用热风干化技术将其减量,经热解气化焚烧和热能利用,为实现含油污泥无害化处理进行了有益探索。 相似文献
88.
基于GIS的松花江干流暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
以黑龙江省内的松花江干流流域作为研究区,从现代灾害风险理论出发,综合运用GIS空间分析和灾害风险评估数学方法,对松花江干流流域的暴雨洪涝灾害风险进行了定量评价.研究利用遥感数据和社会经济数据,在空间分析基础上,通过对暴雨洪涝灾害的危险性、承灾体的暴露性、脆弱性以及区域防灾减灾能力的分析,确定影响各个县市暴雨洪涝灾害风险的具体方面.并将因子集成为洪涝灾害风险指数(FDRI),在此基础之上绘制出松花江干流流域的洪涝灾害风险区划图,结果表明松花江干流洪涝灾害风险以哈尔滨和佳木斯两市最大,上游洪涝灾害风险大于下游. 相似文献
89.
Daniel Q. Tong Nicholas Z. Muller Haidong Kan Robert O. Mendelsohn 《Environment international》2009,35(8):1109-1117
Human exposure to ambient ozone (O3) has been linked to a variety of adverse health effects. The ozone level at a location is contributed by local production, regional transport, and background ozone. This study combines detailed emission inventory, air quality modeling, and census data to investigate the source–receptor relationships between nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions and population exposure to ambient O3 in 48 states over the continental United States. By removing NOx emissions from each state one at a time, we calculate the change in O3 exposures by examining the difference between the base and the sensitivity simulations. Based on the 49 simulations, we construct state-level and census region-level source–receptor matrices describing the relationships among these states/regions. We find that, for 43 receptor states, cumulative NOx emissions from upwind states contribute more to O3 exposures than the state's own emissions. In-state emissions are responsible for less than 15% of O3 exposures in 90% of U.S. states. A state's NOx emissions can influence 2 to 40 downwind states by at least a 0.1 ppbv change in population-averaged O3 exposure. The results suggest that the U.S. generally needs a regional strategy to effectively reduce O3 exposures. But the current regional emission control program in the U.S. is a cap-and-trade program that assumes the marginal damage of every ton of NOx is equal. In this study, the average O3 exposures caused by one ton of NOx emissions ranges from ? 2.0 to 2.3 ppm-people-hours depending on the state. The actual damage caused by one ton of NOx emissions varies considerably over space. 相似文献
90.
Gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs in a satellite town in Eastern China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Meng-xia Xu Jian-hua Yan Sheng-yong Lu Xiao-dong Li Tong Chen Ming-jiang Ni Hui-fen Dai Fei Wang Ke-fa Cen 《Chemosphere》2009,76(11):1540-1549
Gas/particle partitioning of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in ambient air was investigated in a satellite town in Eastern China from April 2007 to January 2008 comprehending large temperature variations (from 3 to 34 °C, daily average). Molecular weight, molecular structure and ambient temperatures are the three major factors that govern the gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs throughout the year. Generally, good agreements were obtained (except for winter) between measured particulate fractions and theoretical estimates of both the Junge–Pankow adsorption model and Harner Bidleman absorption model using different sets of subcooled liquid vapor pressure and octanol–air partition coefficient (Koa), respectively. Models utilizing estimates, derived from gas chromatographic retention indices (GC-RIs), are more accurate than that of entropy-based. Moreover, during winter, the Koa-based model using the GC-RIs approach performs better on lower chlorinated PCDD/Fs than that of -based. Furthermore, possible sources of mismatch between measured and predicted values in winter (3–7 °C) were discussed. Gas adsorption artifact was demonstrated to be of minor importance for the phenomena observed. On the other hand, large deviations of slopes (mr) and intercepts (br) in logKp vs. plots from theoretical values are observed in the literature data and these are found to be linearly correlated with ambient temperatures (P<0.001) in this study. This indicates that the non-equilibrium partitioning of PCDD/Fs in winter may be significantly influenced by the colder temperatures that may have slowed down the exchange between gaseous and particulate fractions. 相似文献