6—叠氮—6—脱氧—1,2：3,4—二—氧—异丙叉基—α—D—半乳糖的构象分析

在合成卡那霉类似物的核心结构时，发现６－叠氮－６脱氧１，２；３，４－二－氧－惜内叉基－α－Ｄ－半乳糖的核磁共振数据与普通六元环的船式或椅式构象大不相同，进一步通过分子力学模型ＭＭＰ２的计算，发现它具有扭船式的分子构象（Ｔｗｉｓｔ ｂｏａｔ）。     

二氧化硫与1—己烯的光化学反应动力学

利用ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法研究了ＳＯ２与１－己烯在无氧和有氧体系中光化学反应动力学，确定了ＳＯ２与１－己烯光化学反应的级数，给出了２９３－３３３Ｋ温度范围内总的反应速度常数Ｋ，以及Ｋ与温度的关系、反应的活化能和指前因子。另外，对反应物己醛和２－己酮的生成反应速度常数及其活化能也进行了计算和讨论。     

西安地区土壤CO2 释放量和释放规律

根据碱溶液吸收法,对西安地区不同植被条件下土壤CO2释放量进行了昼夜观测,观测资料显示,西安地区各月份土壤CO2释放量在一昼夜内具有明显的变化,从当日上午到次日上午,CO2释放量表现出由低变高再变低的规律,土壤CO2释放量变化与温度变化具有相同的特征,但释放量的变化具有滞后性,相对于温度的变化滞后4－6h左右,温度是决定土壤CO2释放量昼夜变化规律的主要因素,它的升高和降低分别造成了土壤CO2和放量的增加和减少,不同植被条件下,土壤CO2释放量不同,林地释放量大于草地,草地释放量大于裸地,夜间12h释放量大于白天12h释放量。     

烟气脱硫过程锰催化氧化亚硫酸钙的研究

利用直径280 mm、高320 mm的间歇式搅拌槽,在MnSO4加入浓度为0～0.05 mol/L的情况下,对亚硫酸钙悬浮液进行了催化氧化实验研究.实验结果表明,锰离子的加入会改变亚硫酸钙的氧化机理及氧化过程,表现为终点氧化率和氧化速率的变化.当Mn2 浓度为0.05 mol/L时,亚硫酸钙的终点氧化率比未加入Mn2 时高30%;此外,与非催化反应过程相比,Mn2 的加入能使亚硫酸钙在一个更宽的浓度范围内(0.02～0.073 mol/L)和一个更宽的时间范围内(20～100 min)均保持较高的氧化速率水平.     

超临界水氧化有机废水动力学分析

根据推流式超临界水氧化 (SCWO)反应器处理有机废水的动力学方程式 ,结合近年来超临界水氧化降解各种有机废水的实验研究情况 ,对超临界水氧化有机废水的反应动力学影响因素进行了综合分析 ,同时指出了该技术在有机废水处理中的应用优势和存在问题。     

负载氧化镧的活性炭还原NO的研究

稀土金属具有一些特殊的性能,这使得其对碳质材料还原NO的反应可能表现出特殊的催化效果,而此方面的研究没有报道.为了研究稀土金属对活性炭还原NO反应的催化效果,采用浸渍法制备了负载氧化镧的活性炭颗粒(La/C),并在无氧的固定床反应器中进行了程序升温反应和等温反应,考察了气体流量、NO的入口浓度、反应温度和氧化镧负载量对反应活性的影响,同时对反应机理和动力学进行了初步探讨.研究结果表明负载氧化镧的活性炭还原NO的反应是一级反应.由于炭表面3%(质量分数)的氧化镧的存在,C-NO反应的起始反应温度从500 ℃降低到300 ℃,反应活性大大提高,反应活化能从88.95 kJ/mol降低到51.05 kJ/mol.氧化镧的负载量对反应活性有重要影响,但负载量的大量增加对反应活性的提高效果甚微,最佳负载量为1.5%.La/C体系在反应中较稳定,而反应温度的升高对其稳定性不利.     

固定化微生物技术在无泡供氧膜生物反应器中的应用研究

实验采用中空纤维膜作为无泡供氧及生物膜载体，采用包埋固定化技术进行挂膜及污水处理研究。通过装置改进，较好地解决了无曝气条件下的底物传质问题，提高了传质效率，确定了最佳包埋剂及固定化条件，缩短了挂膜时间和提高了污染物的去除效果。实验结果表明，采用PVA作为包埋剂，且包泥量为1：1的情况下，挂膜时间可缩短为一周左右，COD和氨氮的去除率分别稳定在90％和80％左右。     

深床过滤机理及其在水处理中的应用研究与进展

深床过滤既有过滤功能,又具生物处理作用,具有良好的应用前景;本文阐述了深床过滤的最新研究动向,深床过滤过程的数学模型的构建方法,国内外利用深床过滤技术处理微污染水源水、城市生活污水及污水深度处理的实验研究状况.     

高级氧化法脱除PVA浆料的清洁生产新工艺研究

为了研究高级氧化法脱除聚乙烯醇（PVA）浆料清洁生产新工艺的可行性，研究了3种高级氧化法UV／H2O2、UV／TiO2、Nation-Fe^2＋／H2O2对含PVA溶液的氧化降解，其降解效果依次为iUV／H2O2〉Nation-Fe^2＋／H2O2〉UV／TiO2。对于UV／H2O2法，PVA降解速率与H2O2的初始浓度成正相关，且H2O2浓度为2．95mmol／L时14min内就能使PVA的去除率达到98％；pH和温度对PVA的氧化降解效果影响不明显。在此基础上，对建立在高级氧化法基础上的退浆新工艺进行了探讨，结果表明，在65℃和75℃下，高级氧化法条件下的纯棉织物PVA退浆率分别达到70．16％和95．65％；该法不仅可以促进PVA从纯棉织物上的脱附，而且可以达到对PVA的较高降解效果，使得所排退浆废水的生化处理难度明显降低。     

Investigation of adsorption characteristics of four toxic gases (nitric oxide,nitrogen dioxide,sulfur dioxide,and hydrogen chloride) on the inner surface of nickel-coated manganese steel cylinders and aluminum cylinders

To develop standard toxic gas mixtures, it is essential to identify adsorption characteristics of each toxic gas on the inner surface of a gas cylinder. Thus, this study quantified adsorbed amounts of the four toxic gases (nitric oxide [NO], nitrogen dioxide [NO₂], sulfur dioxide [SO₂], and hydrogen chloride [HCl]) on the inner surface of aluminum cylinders and nickel-coated manganese steel cylinders. After eluting adsorbed gases on the inside of cylinders with ultrapure water, a quantitative analysis was performed on an ion chromatograph. To evaluate the reaction characteristics of the toxic gases with cylinder materials, quantitative analyses of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al) were also performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). It was found that the amounts of NO, NO₂, and SO₂ adsorbed on the inner surface of aluminum cylinders were less than 1.0% at the level of 100 μmol/mol mixing ratio, whereas the signal for most heavy metal elements were below their respective detection limits. This study found that the amounts of HCl adsorbed on the inner surface of nickel-coated manganese steel cylinders were less than 5% at the level of 100 μmol/mol mixing ratio, whereas Ni (86 μmol) and Fe (28 μmol) were detected in the same cylinders. It was revealed that the adsorption mainly took place via the reaction of HCl with inner surface material of nickel-coated manganese steel cylinders. On the other hand, in the case of aluminum cylinders, the amounts of the adsorption were determined to be less than 1% at the level of HCl 100 μmol/mol mixing ratio, whereas most of Ni, Fe, and Al were detected at levels similar to their limits of detection. As a result, this study found that aluminum cylinders are more suitable for preparing HCl gas mixtures than nickel-coated manganese steel cylinders.

Implications: To develop a standard toxic gas mixture, it is essential to understand the adsorption characteristics of each toxic gas inside a gas cylinder. It was found that the amounts of NO, NO₂, and SO₂ adsorbed inside aluminum cylinders were less than 1.0% at the level of 100 μmol/mol mixing ratio. The amounts of HCl adsorbed inside nickel-coated manganese steel cylinders were less than 5% at the level of 100 μmol/mol mixing ratio, whereas those inside aluminum cylinders were less than 1%, indicating that aluminum cylinders are more suitable for preparing HCl gas mixtures.