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991.
992.
Y.P. Li G.H. Huang H.Z. Li J. Liu 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2014,50(5):1191-1207
In this study, a recourse‐based interval fuzzy programming (RIFP) model is developed for tackling uncertainties expressed as fuzzy, interval, and/or probabilistic forms in an effluent trading program. It can incorporate preregulated water‐pollution control policies directly into its optimization process, such that an effective linkage between environmental regulations and economic implications (i.e., penalties) caused by improper policies due to uncertainty existence can be provided. The RIFP model is applied to point‐nonpoint source effluent trading of the Xiangxi River in China. The efficiency of trading efforts between water quality improvement and net system benefit under different degrees of satisfying discharge limits is analyzed. The results are able to help support (1) formulation of water‐pollution control strategies under various economic objectives and system‐reliability constraints, (2) selection of the desired effluent trading pattern for point and nonpoint sources, and (3) generation of tradeoffs among system benefit, satisfaction degree, and pollutant mitigation under multiple uncertainties. Compared with the traditional regulatory approaches, the results demonstrate that the water‐pollution control program can be performed more cost‐effectively through trading than nontrading. 相似文献
993.
根据突变级数法基本原理,对武汉市2002-2011年农地利用绩效动态变化情况进行分析,并利用障碍度模型找出影响其绩效水平的主要障碍因子.研究结果表明,研究时段内武汉市农地利用绩效整体呈上升趋势,且带有明显的阶段性特征;经济绩效是影响农地利用绩效的最主要障碍因素;从单项指标来看,随着生态理念的不断深化,未来农地利用程度及资源安全将对农地利用绩效产生较大影响. 相似文献
994.
从影响长输管道安全的外部因素、事故定义、事故分类以及事故数据分析和事故报告等几个方面,对国际上主要长输管道事故数据库进行了对比分析,提出了建立我国长输管道事故数据库的建议. 相似文献
995.
996.
Fengchun Xie Tingting Cai Yang Ma Haiying Li Chuncheng Li Zhiyuan Huang Gaoqing Yuan 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(16):1494-1498
The paper presents a novel cleaner process for metal recovery from the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) waste sludge by assistance of ultrasound. The process can effectively recover heavy metals at low cost with high separation and recovery efficiency, produce high quality products and also achieve zero waste discharge with operation at industrial scale. With the PCB waste sludge containing (wet content) 3.14–4.85% copper and 3.71–4.23% iron, copper recovery efficiency of 95.2–97.5% and iron recovery efficiency of 97.1–98.5% were achieved, while the purity of copper sulfate produced by the process was 98.0% and the produced ferric chloride had a satisfied quality for using as a coagulant material for the plant on-site wastewater treatment. The process had been successfully scaled up to the industrial scaled applications in a heavy metal recovery plant in city of Huizhou, China for more than two years. The novel cleaner heavy metal recovery process has a great prospect on the applications of resources recovery and environmental protection practices. 相似文献
997.
根据胶东半岛及附近海域地震活动性参数的研究,对2012年存在的地震活动性异常演化情况进行跟踪分析,对2013年度出现的新地震异常进行分析,获得大震孕震过程时、空综合变化结果,提出胶东半岛及附近海域的震情趋势判定意见。 相似文献
998.
In this study, an inexact fuzzy chance-constrained two-stage mixed-integer linear programming (IFCTIP) approach is proposed for supporting long-term planning of waste-management systems under multiple uncertainties in the City of Regina, Canada. The method improves upon the existing inexact two-stage programming and mixed-integer linear programming techniques by incorporating uncertainties expressed as multiple uncertainties of intervals and dual probability distributions within a general optimization framework. The developed method can provide an effective linkage between the predefined environmental policies and the associated economic implications. Four special characteristics of the proposed method make it unique compared with other optimization techniques that deal with uncertainties. Firstly, it provides a linkage to predefined policies that have to be respected when a modeling effort is undertaken; secondly, it is useful for tackling uncertainties presented as intervals, probabilities, fuzzy sets and their incorporation; thirdly, it facilitates dynamic analysis for decisions of facility-expansion planning and waste-flow allocation within a multi-facility, multi-period, multi-level, and multi-option context; fourthly, the penalties are exercised with recourse against any infeasibility, which permits in-depth analyses of various policy scenarios that are associated with different levels of economic consequences when the promised solid waste-generation rates are violated. In a companion paper, the developed method is applied to a real case for the long-term planning of waste management in the City of Regina, Canada. 相似文献
999.
Kirsten Halsnæs Amit Garg John Christensen Helene Ystanes Føyn Maryna Karavai Emilio La Rovere Matthew Bramley Xianli Zhu Catherine Mitchell Joyashree Roy Kanako Tanaka Hidefumi Katayama Carlos Mena Imoh Obioh Igor Bashmakov Stanford Mwakasonda Myong-Kyoon Lee Marlene Vinluan Yu Joe Huang Laura Segafredo 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2014,19(1):45-71
The aim of this paper is to assess how policy goals in relation to the promotion of green growth, energy security, pollution control and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions have been aligned in policies that have been implemented in selected countries during the last decades as a basis for discussing how a multi objective policy paradigm can contribute to future climate change mitigation. The paper includes country case studies from Brazil, Canada, China, the European Union (EU), India, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, South Africa, South Korea and the United States covering renewable energy options, industry, transportation, the residential sector and cross-sectoral policies. These countries and regions together contribute more than two thirds of global GHG emissions. The paper finds that policies that are nationally driven and that have multiple objectives, including climate-change mitigation, have been widely applied for decades in both developing countries and industrialised countries. Many of these policies have a long history, and adjustments have taken place based on experience and cost effectiveness concerns. Various energy and climate-change policy goals have worked together in these countries, and in practice a mix of policies reflecting specific priorities and contexts have been pursued. In this way, climate-change mitigation has been aligned with other policy objectives and integrated into broader policy packages, though in many cases specific attention has not been given to the achievement of large GHG emission reductions. Based on these experiences with policy implementation, the paper highlights a number of key coordination and design issues that are pertinent to the successful joint implementation of several energy and climate-change policy goals. 相似文献
1000.