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691.
David W. Gibbons Chris Sandbrook William J. Sutherland Rezvin Akter Richard Bradbury Steven Broad Andy Clements Humphrey Q. P. Crick Joanna Elliott Ngawang Gyeltshen Melanie Heath Jonathan Hughes Richard K. B. Jenkins Alastair H. Jones Rocio Lopez de la Lama Nicholas B. W. Macfarlane Mike Maunder Ravikash Prasad Alfredo Romero-Muñoz Noa Steiner James Tremlett Rosie Trevelyan Savita Vijaykumar Irushinie Wedage Nancy Ockendon 《Conservation biology》2022,36(1):e13781
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an enormous impact on almost all aspects of human society and endeavor; the natural world and its conservation have not been spared. Through a process of expert consultation, we identified and categorized, into 19 themes and 70 subthemes, the ways in which biodiversity and its conservation have been or could be affected by the pandemic globally. Nearly 60% of the effects have been broadly negative. Subsequently, we created a compendium of all themes and subthemes, each with explanatory text, and in August 2020 a diverse group of experienced conservationists with expertise from across sectors and geographies assessed each subtheme for its likely impact on biodiversity conservation globally. The 9 subthemes ranked highest all have a negative impact. These were, in rank order, governments sidelining the environment during their economic recovery, reduced wildlife-based tourism income, increased habitat destruction, reduced government funding, increased plastic and other solid waste pollution, weakening of nature-friendly regulations and their enforcement, increased illegal harvest of wild animals, reduced philanthropy, and threats to survival of conservation organizations. In combination, these impacts present a worrying future of increased threats to biodiversity conservation but reduced capacity to counter them. The highest ranking positive impact, at 10, was the beneficial impact of wildlife-trade restrictions. More optimistically, among impacts ranked 11-20, 6 were positive and 4 were negative. We hope our assessment will draw attention to the impacts of the pandemic and, thus, improve the conservation community's ability to respond to such threats in the future. 相似文献
692.
Pantoja-Echevarría Laura María Tamburin Elena Elorriaga-Verplancken Fernando R. Marmolejo-Rodríguez Ana Judith Galván-Magaña Felipe Tripp-Valdez Arturo Lara Ariagna Jonathan M. P. Sujitha S. B. Delgado-Huertas Antonio Arreola-Mendoza Laura 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(41):61685-61697
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sharks are top predators and play an important role in the regulation of marine ecosystems at lower trophic position. Mustelus californicus, Sphyrna... 相似文献
693.
Tina L. Cheng Jonathan D. Reichard Jeremy T. H. Coleman Theodore J. Weller Wayne E. Thogmartin Brian E. Reichert Alyssa B. Bennett Hugh G. Broders Joshua Campbell Katherine Etchison Daniel J. Feller Richard Geboy Traci Hemberger Carl Herzog Alan C. Hicks Sandra Houghton Jessica Humber Joseph A. Kath R. Andrew King Susan C. Loeb Ariane Massé Katrina M. Morris Holly Niederriter Gerda Nordquist Roger W. Perry Richard J. Reynolds D. Blake Sasse Michael R. Scafini Richard C. Stark Craig W. Stihler Steven C. Thomas Gregory G. Turner Shevenell Webb Bradford J. Westrich Winifred F. Frick 《Conservation biology》2021,35(5):1586-1597
Assessing the scope and severity of threats is necessary for evaluating impacts on populations to inform conservation planning. Quantitative threat assessment often requires monitoring programs that provide reliable data over relevant spatial and temporal scales, yet such programs can be difficult to justify until there is an apparent stressor. Leveraging efforts of wildlife management agencies to record winter counts of hibernating bats, we collated data for 5 species from over 200 sites across 27 U.S. states and 2 Canadian provinces from 1995 to 2018 to determine the impact of white-nose syndrome (WNS), a deadly disease of hibernating bats. We estimated declines of winter counts of bat colonies at sites where the invasive fungus that causes WNS (Pseudogymnoascus destructans) had been detected to assess the threat impact of WNS. Three species undergoing species status assessment by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Myotis septentrionalis, Myotis lucifugus, and Perimyotis subflavus) declined by more than 90%, which warrants classifying the severity of the WNS threat as extreme based on criteria used by NatureServe. The scope of the WNS threat as defined by NatureServe criteria was large (36% of Myotis lucifugus range) to pervasive (79% of Myotis septentrionalis range) for these species. Declines for 2 other species (Myotis sodalis and Eptesicus fuscus) were less severe but still qualified as moderate to serious based on NatureServe criteria. Data-sharing across jurisdictions provided a comprehensive evaluation of scope and severity of the threat of WNS and indicated regional differences that can inform response efforts at international, national, and state or provincial jurisdictions. We assessed the threat impact of an emerging infectious disease by uniting monitoring efforts across jurisdictional boundaries and demonstrated the importance of coordinated monitoring programs, such as the North American Bat Monitoring Program (NABat), for data-driven conservation assessments and planning. 相似文献
694.
Djati Utomo Handojo Li Xiaodong Ng Eng Tak Jonathan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(14):20078-20084
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 相似文献
695.
Jonathan M. P. Torres Kalina Bermúdez Marmolejo-Rodríguez Ana Judith López Eugenia López 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(41):61547-61549
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 相似文献
696.
Heintz William J. Willis Jonathan M. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(44):66148-66159
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Oil spills are a significant stressor to coastal and maritime environments worldwide. The growth responses of Batis maritima and Avicennia germinans... 相似文献
697.
Escobar-Flores Jonathan Gabriel Sandoval Sarahi Gámiz-Romero Eduardo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(41):61662-61673
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, six supervised classification algorithms were compared. The algorithms were based on cluster analysis, distance, deep learning, and... 相似文献
698.
Nick Hahlbeck William R. Tinniswood Matthew R. Sloat Jordan D. Ortega Matthew A. Wyatt Mark E. Hereford Ben S. Ramirez David A. Crook Kara J. Anlauf-Dunn Jonathan B. Armstrong 《Conservation biology》2022,36(3):e13857
A central tenet of landscape ecology is that mobile species depend on complementary habitats, which are insufficient in isolation, but combine to support animals through the full annual cycle. However, incorporating the dynamic needs of mobile species into conservation strategies remains a challenge, particularly in the context of climate adaptation planning. For cold-water fishes, it is widely assumed that maximum temperatures are limiting and that summer data alone can predict refugia and population persistence. We tested these assumptions in populations of redband rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss newberrii) in an arid basin, where the dominance of hot, hyperproductive water in summer emulates threats of climate change predicted for cold-water fish in other basins. We used telemetry to reveal seasonal patterns of movement and habitat use. Then, we compared contributions of hot and cool water to growth with empirical indicators of diet and condition (gut contents, weight–length ratios, electric phase angle, and stable isotope signatures) and a bioenergetics model. During summer, trout occurred only in cool tributaries or springs (<20 °C) and avoided Upper Klamath Lake (>25 °C). During spring and fall, ≥65% of trout migrated to the lake (5–50 km) to forage. Spring and fall growth (mean [SD] 0.58% per day [0.80%] and 0.34 per day [0.55%], respectively) compensated for a net loss of energy in cool summer refuges (–0.56% per day [0.55%]). In winter, ≥90% of trout returned to tributaries (25–150 km) to spawn. Thus, although perennially cool tributaries supported thermal refuge and spawning, foraging opportunities in the seasonally hot lake ultimately fueled these behaviors. Current approaches to climate adaptation would prioritize the tributaries for conservation but would devalue critical foraging habitat because the lake is unsuitable and unoccupied during summer. Our results empirically demonstrate that warm water can fuel cold-water fisheries and challenge the common practice of identifying refugia based only on summer conditions. 相似文献