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921.
Ruiz-Chancho MJ López-Sánchez JF Schmeisser E Goessler W Francesconi KA Rubio R 《Chemosphere》2008,71(8):1522-1530
Concentrations of total arsenic and of arsenic species were determined by ICPMS and HPLC-ICPMS in terrestrial plant samples. The arsenic concentration in plant samples from the contaminated sites ranged from 1.14 to 98.5 mg kg(-1) (dry mass). However, a very high value, exceeding largely this range was found in a moss sample growing in the contaminated area (1750 mg kg(-1)). Plants growing in a non-contaminated area with similar geological characteristics contained 0.06-0.58 mg As kg(-1). Plant samples from different species were selected and extracted with water, water/methanol (9+1, v/v), and water/methanol (1+1, v/v). Water/methanol (9+1, v/v) was selected as extractant for the speciation analysis for all the plant samples. The extraction efficiencies ranged from 3.0% to 41.4%, with good agreement between samples from the same plant species. Arsenite and/or arsenate were found in all the plant samples. Additionally, methylarsonate (MA), dimethylarsinate (DMA), trimethylarsine oxide (TMAO) and tetramethylarsonium ion (TETRA) were also identified in several plants, and in some cases MA and DMA were the main species found. TMAO, which is usually found as a trace constituent in organisms, was also a significant arsenical in one of the studied samples, where it constituted 24% of the extracted arsenic. In the present study, the patterns of arsenic species varied with the plant species and much higher proportion of organoarsenicals was found in plants from the more contaminated sites. 相似文献
922.
923.
Alfredo Madariaga-Navarrete Blanca Rosa Rodríguez-Pastrana José Roberto Villagómez-Ibarra Otilio Arturo Acevedo-Sandoval Gregory Perry 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(6):367-375
The objective of the present study was to examine a biological model under greenhouse conditions for the bioremediation of atrazine contaminated soils. The model consisted in a combination of phytoremediation (using Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and rhizopheric bio-augmentation using native Trichoderma sp., and Rhizobium sp. microorganisms that showed no inhibitory growth at 10,000 mg L?1 of herbicide concentration. 33.3 mg of atrazine 50 g?1 of soil of initial concentration was used and an initial inoculation of 1 × 109 UFC mL?1 of Rhizobium sp. and 1 × 105 conidia mL?1 of Trichoderma sp. were set. Four treatments were arranged: Bean + Trichoderma sp. (B+T); Bean + Rhizobium sp. (BR); Bean + Rhizobium sp. + Trichoderma sp. (B+R+T) and Bean (B). 25.51 mg of atrazine 50 g?1 of soil (76.63%) was removed by the B+T treatment in 40 days (a = 0.050, Tukey). This last indicate that the proposed biological model and methodology developed is useful for atrazine contaminated bioremediation agricultural soils, which can contribute to reduce the effects of agrochemical abuse. 相似文献
924.
Izabelle Cristina da Costa Soares Djalma Ribeiro da Silva José Heriberto Oliveira do Nascimento Sergi Garcia-Segura Carlos Alberto Martínez-Huitle 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24167-24176
Electrochemical water treatment technologies are highly promising to achieve complete decolorization of dyebath effluents, as demonstrated by several studies reported in the literature. However, these works are focused on the treatment of one model pollutant and generalize the performances of the processes which are not transposable since they depend on the pollutant treated. Thus, in the present study, we evaluate, for the first time, the influence of different functional groups that modify the dye structure on the electrochemical process decolorization performance. The textile azo dyes Reactive Orange 16, Reactive Violet 4, Reactive Red 228, and Reactive Black 5 have been selected because they present the same molecular basis structure with different functional groups. The results demonstrate that the functional groups that reduce the nucleophilicity of the pollutant hinder the electrophilic attack of electrogenerated hydroxyl radical. Thereby, the overall decolorization efficiency is consequently reduced as well as the decolorization rate. Moreover, the presence of an additional chromophore azo bond in the molecule enhances the recalcitrant character of the azo dyes as pollutants. The formation of a larger and more stable conjugated π system increases the activation energy required for the electrophyilic attack of ?OH, affecting the performance of electrochemical technologies on effluent decolorization. 相似文献
925.
Nasri Emna Machreki Monia Beltifa Asma Aroui Sonia Ghorbel Asma Saad Amina Feriani Anouar Borgi Mohamed Ali Ghazouani Lakhdar Sire Olivier Balcázar José Luis Mansour Hedi Ben 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(25):20422-20428
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Hospital wastewaters contain large amounts of pharmaceutical residues, which may eventually be discharged into the aquatic environment through... 相似文献
926.
Elizabeth B. Connelly Craig R. Allen Kirk Hatfield José M. Palma-Oliveira David D. Woods Igor Linkov 《The Environmentalist》2017,37(1):46-50
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) definition of resilience is used here to organize common concepts and synthesize a set of key features of resilience that can be used across diverse application domains. The features in common include critical functions (services), thresholds, cross-scale (both space and time) interactions, and memory and adaptive management. We propose a framework for linking these features to the planning, absorbing, recovering, and adapting phases identified in the NAS definition. The proposed delineation of resilience can be important in understanding and communicating resilience concepts. 相似文献
927.
Roberto M. Corvalán Javier I. Galecio José A. Salim 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):971-975
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the potential of natural gas to reduce emissions from stationary combustion sources by analyzing the case study of the metropolitan region of Santiago, Chile. For such purposes, referential base scenarios have been defined that represent with and without natural gas settings. The method to be applied is an emission estimate based on emission factors. The results for this case study reveal that stationary combustion sources that replaced their fuel reduced particulate matter (PM) emissions by 61%, sulfur oxides (SOx) by 91%, nitrogen oxides (NOx) by 40%, and volatile organic compounds (VOC) by 10%. Carbon mon-oxide (CO) emissions were reduced by 1%. As a result of this emission reduction, in addition to reductions caused by other factors, such as a shift to cleaner fuels other than natural gas, technological improvements, and sources which are not operative, emission reduction goals set forth by the environmental authorities were broadly exceeded. 相似文献
928.
Pablo L. Higueras José Á. Amorós José Maria Esbrí Caridad Pérez-de-los-Reyes Miguel A. López-Berdonces Francisco J. García-Navarro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(7):6055-6061
Mercury contents in soil and olive tree leaves have been studied in 69 plots around three different source areas of this element in Spain: Almadén (Ciudad Real), Flix (Tarragona) and Jódar (Jaén). Almadén was the world’s largest cinnabar (HgS) mining district and was active until 2003, Flix is the oldest Spanish chlor-alkali plant (CAP) and has been active from 1898 to the present day and Jódar is a decommissioned CAP that was active for 14 years (1977–1991). Total mercury contents have been measured by high-frequency modulation atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman effect (ZAAS-HFM) in the soils and olive tree leaves from the three studied areas. The average soil contents range from 182 μg kg?1 in Flix to 23,488 μg kg?1 in Almadén, while the average leaf content ranges from 161 μg kg?1 in Jódar to 1213 μg kg?1 in Almadén. Despite the wide range of data, a relationship between soil–leaf contents has been identified: in Almadén and Jódar, multiplicative (bilogarithmic) models show significant correlations (R?=?0.769 and R?=?0.484, respectively). Significant correlations were not identified between soil and leaf contents in Flix. The continuous activity of the Flix CAP, which remains open today, can explain the different uptake patterns for mercury, which is mainly atmospheric in origin, in comparison to the other two sites, where activity ceased more than 10 years ago and only soil uptake patterns based on the Michaelis–Menten enzymatic model curve are observed. 相似文献
929.
The gooseneck barnacle fishery in Asturias (N. Spain) has undergone three important changes: (1) the early implementation of a co-management system based on Territorial User Rights for Fishing, (2) a change in management measures (due to a decrease in landings), and (3) an economic crisis. This has allowed us to analyze the systems’ sustainability in time through examining five critical variables: landings, effort, catch per unit effort (CPUE), mean market prices, and annual revenue. Additionally, we used focus groups and questionnaires to determine the response of the system to these three changes. Co-management has succeeded in maintaining or increasing CPUE throughout all management areas and produced stable mean market prices. This was achieved through flexible management policies and adaptive strategies adopted by the fishers, such as increased selectivity and diversification. The analysis of this fishery provides important lessons regarding the need to understand the evolutionary dynamics of co-management and the importance of embracing adaptive capacity.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-015-0687-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献930.
Oliveira-Filho Eduardo C. Filho José Sousa Novais Luana A. Peternele Wilson S. Azevedo Ricardo B. Grisolia Cesar K. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(18):18362-18368
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to evaluate the effects of maghemite nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3) coated with meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) stabilizer on... 相似文献