The use of a metallothionein-like-proteins (MTLP) kinetic approach for metal bioavailability monitoring in dredged material

Ecotoxicological effects associated with contaminants present in dredged material from Spain were determined using a marine biotest based on the determination of metallothionein-like-protein concentrations (MTLPs) in the shore crab Carcinus maenas. Intermoult female C. maenas were exposed in the laboratory to sediments from three Spanish ports, Ría de Huelva (SW, Spain), La Coru?a (NW, Spain) and Bahía de Cádiz (SW, Spain) per replicate during 21 days. Hepatopancreas samples from crabs were taken for metallothioneins analysis on days 0, 7 and 21. Furthermore, chemical analysis was performed in the stations to determine the degree and nature of sediment contamination (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, PAHs and PCBs). A significant increase (p<0.05) in metallothionein concentration was observed over time in individuals exposed to sediment from the port Ría de Huelva characterized by high concentrations of metals. A toxicokinetic approach is proposed in this study related to the use of this biomarker in C. maenas to evaluate bioavailability associated with metals present in dredged material. As a first step, this toxicokinetic approach might reveal as a sensitive tool for evaluating bioavailability of contaminants present in dredged material.     

腐殖酸及酸雨对贫铀在土壤中迁移的影响研究

 利用经过完善的贫铀迁移模型,研究腐殖酸(HA)及酸雨对贫铀在土壤中迁移的影响.结果表明,对照组(北京地区土壤)DU迁移到达9~11cm,分别添加2%、5%、10%HA的实验组DU迁移依次降低,分别为21~23cm、15~17cm、11~13cm,说明腐殖酸促进了DU迁移; pH值为4.0和3.0的模拟酸雨,分别使贫铀迁移至29~31cm及35cm以上,说明酸雨促进了贫铀迁移;在酸雨和腐殖酸综合作用下贫铀迁移仅到5~7cm,说明腐殖酸和酸雨综合作用抑制了贫铀迁移.     

Methanotrophic community structure of aged refuse and its capability for methane bio-oxidation

Aged refuse from waste landfills closed for eight years was examined and found to contain rich methanotrophs capable of biooxidation for methane. Specially, community structure and methane oxidation capability of methanotrophs in the aged refuse were studied. The amount of methanotrophs ranged 61.97 103–632.91 103 cells/g (in dry basis) in aged refuse from Shanghai Laogang Landfill. Type I and II methanotrophs were found in the aged refuse in the presence of sterilized sewage sludge and only Type I methanotrophs were detected in the presence of nitrate minimal salt medium (NMS). The clone sequences of the pmoA gene obtained from the aged refuse were similar to the pmoA gene of Methylobacter, Methylocaldum, and Methylocystis, and two clones were distinct with known genera of Type I methanotrophs according to phylogenetic analysis. Aged refuse enriched with NMS was used for methane biological oxidation and over 93% conversions were obtained.     

Fenton氧化在废水处理中的应用

综述了近年来Fenton氧化在废水处理领域的应用状况,对Fenton试剂氧化的机理和主要影响因素:温度、pH、反应时间、H2O2和Fe2+的投加量、H2O2/Fe2+量比以及反应动力学模型进行了简要介绍.最后探讨了Fenton氧化技术在废水处理领域现存不足之处及今后的发展趋势.     

磁性膨润土材料吸附处理印染废水研究

针对目前膨润土在应用中的一些问题,对膨润土进行磁性能改性,通过共沉淀法制备磁性膨润土颗粒,并对其进行了X射线衍射和磁性能表征分析.以阴离子染料OrangeⅡ为目标化合物,研究了磁性膨润土材料对OrangeⅡ废水的吸附效果,并探讨了主要工艺参数如阳离子表面活性剂的质量浓度、pH、温度等对染料去除率的影响.结果表明:阳离子...     

有关斜管沉淀池的上升流速讨论

文章从理论上了分析斜管沉淀池上升流速对沉淀池处理效果的影响,及原水特性与斜管沉淀池上升流速取值的关系。讨论分析斜管沉淀池设计时,应根据原水特性不同选择不同的斜管沉淀池上升流速。     

协同氧化工艺处理焦化废水的试验研究

采用微电解-芬顿氧化的组合工艺处理末端焦化废水,考察静态实验中微电解填料的铁碳比、过氧化氢添加方式及加入量、曝气量、反应时间、pH值等不同条件因素对COD去除率的影响情况,确定最佳条件是铁碳质量比是2.5∶1,分批加入过氧化氢,且加入量为0.25 mL/L,曝气量为1.25 L/min,pH值为3,反应时间140 min.最终实现将焦化废水COD的去除率达88％以上的目的.按静态实验的各因素条件进行动态实验,试验结果COD去除率可达87％以上,处理后℃OD质量浓度为为91 mg/L,达到排放标准.同时处理后焦化废水的颜色变淡.     

接触氧化工艺处理农村分散污水中试研究

采用接触氧化反应器处理农村分散污水,通过实验确定了适宜的工艺参数,研究表明采用接触氧化反应器处理农村污水,在反应器内溶解氧(DO)质量浓度维持在2.0～4.0 mg/L,水力负荷为3.53 m3/(m2·d)的运行条件下,对COD,NH4+-N及 IN去除率分别达到76.10％,68.12％,60.50％,出水可稳定达到GB 18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级B标准.     

鄂尔多斯节能减排现状及建议

鄂尔多斯作为典型资源型城市,资源性产业在国民经济中长期占据主导地位,因此节能减排任务十分艰巨。本文分析总结了“十一五”以来鄂尔多斯市节能减排取得的成效及采取的主要措施,并在此基础上提出了几点建议。     

2-萘酚生产废水综合治理与资源化利用工程实例

针对2-萘酚生产废水p H值低、色泽深,亚硫酸盐和萘磺酸盐高、COD浓度高的特点,采用酸化脱硫-两级络合萃取-氧化絮凝工艺处理,介绍了专利工艺的流程设计,给出了主要工艺设计参数及投资运行成本。工程运行结果表明,该工艺设计合理、技术成熟、处理效果稳定,2-萘酚生产废水经处理后达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准要求;回收的萘磺酸钠固体可返回2-萘酚生产系统套用;反萃取黑液经蒸发浓缩,合成的减水剂产品各项指标达到或超过GB 8076—2008《混凝土外加剂》高效减水剂指标要求。