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31.
In most social insect species, individuals recognize and behave aggressively towards non-nestmate conspecifics to maintain
colony integrity. However, introduced populations of the invasive Argentine ant, Linepithema humile, exhibit pronounced variation in intraspecific aggression denoting diversity in nestmate recognition behavior, which possibly
shapes their social structure and the varying levels of unicoloniality observed among these populations. One approach to better
understand differential aggression behaviors towards conspecifics and recognition cue perception and response in L. humile is to examine variation in nestmate discrimination capability among genetically distinct colonies under different social
contexts. Consequently, we investigated the dynamics of queen and worker recognition in southeastern US L. humile queenless and queenright colonies by measuring rates of non-nestmate worker and queen adoption and intercolony genetic similarity.
Aggression levels between colony pairs differed and were associated with non-nestmate worker, but not queen adoption. Adoption
of queens and workers was a function of host colony origin, while colony queen number affected adoption of queens, but not
workers, with queens more readily accepted by queenless hosts. Fecundity of adopted non-nestmate queens was comparable to
that of rejected non-nestmate and host colony queens, suggesting that queen fecundity did not affect adoption decisions. Genetic
similarity between colonies ranged from 30 to 77% alleles shared, with more genetically similar colonies showing lower levels
of intraspecific aggression. Non-nestmate queens and workers that were more genetically similar to host colony workers were
more likely to be adopted. We provide the first evidence for the role of L. humile colony queen number on queen discrimination and suggest an effect of resident queens on worker conspecific acceptance thresholds.
Our findings indicate a role for genetically based cues in L. humile nestmate recognition. However, subtle discrimination capability seems to be influenced by the social context, as demonstrated
by more frequent recognition errors in queenless colonies. 相似文献
32.
An important aspect of social insect biology lies in the expression of collective foraging strategies developed to exploit
food. In ants, four main types of foraging strategies are typically recognized based on the intensity of recruitment and the
importance of chemical communication. Here, we describe a new type of foraging strategy, “tandem carrying”, which is also
one of the most simple recruitment strategies, observed in the Ponerinae species Pachycondyla chinensis. Within this strategy, workers are directly carried individually and then released on the food resource by a successful scout.
We demonstrate that this recruitment is context dependent and based on the type of food discovered and can be quickly adjusted
as food quality changes. We did not detect trail marking by tandem-carrying workers. We conclude by discussing the importance
of tandem carrying in an evolutionary context relative to other modes of recruitment in foraging and nest emigration. 相似文献